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With the successive winter in various places, respiratory diseases have entered the high-incidence season, and the trend of interweaving and overlapping of various respiratory diseases is more obvious. A few days ago, National Health Commission held a press conference to introduce the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in winter in China, and put forward that we should adhere to the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases and pay close attention to the prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae, COVID-19 infection and influenza.

For ordinary families, while taking protective measures, how to avoid the misunderstanding of blind drug use and add an effective barrier to "prevention of multiple diseases"? Let’s get to know each other

"Holding the group" is coming!

A variety of respiratory diseases are intertwined, so it is necessary to do a good job in preventing multiple diseases.

With the cold weather after winter, sore throat, sore throat, cough, fever … all come to you, and the pediatric respiratory clinics in some hospitals are already overcrowded. In addition to common situations such as mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and influenza virus infection, it also includes superimposed infections of other respiratory pathogens.

At the press conference held in National Health Commission, experts said that every winter is the season of high incidence of respiratory infections. Common diseases such as mycoplasma pneumoniae and respiratory viruses, especially influenza viruses, are more active than summer and spring, which leads to a significant increase in infections. According to the real-time monitoring of influenza activities by China National Influenza Center, China has entered the influenza season this year. At present, influenza A is the main epidemic and influenza B is also prevalent.

In addition, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the common pathogens of respiratory tract infection. It is prevalent in autumn and winter in the north, but in summer and autumn in the south. Children are the high-risk population of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Mycoplasma pneumoniae itself is highly contagious and can be spread through respiratory droplets or close contact. In schools and kindergartens, the pathogen is easy to spread quickly. In the past three years, the infection rate of mycoplasma worldwide has been at a low level, and combined with the epidemic law of mycoplasma pneumoniae itself, it appears periodic epidemic every 3-7 years, so mycoplasma pneumonia in children has shown an epidemic trend this year.

With regard to the epidemic situation in COVID-19, experts from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention introduced at the press conference that since late August this year, the number of reported cases of Covid-19 infection in China has been declining for 10 consecutive weeks, and the positive rate of Covid-19 nucleic acid in fever clinics and sentinel hospitals all showed a continuous downward trend. It is reported that the global and China’s monitoring data show that the Covid-19 mutants popular in the world and China all belong to Omicron. The results of virus sequencing in the last week showed that all of them were sub-branches of XBB, and no mutant strains with obvious changes in biological characteristics were found.

Earlier, China CDC issued a reminder that China may face the risk of interaction or co-epidemic of influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases this winter and next spring. According to experts, mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, influenza A infection and Covid-19 infection are prone to overlap infection, as well as overlap infection among respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and parainfluenza virus, as well as with other pathogens. Among them, overlap infection of two viruses and virus and bacteria, mycoplasma and chlamydia are more common. Overlapping infection can be divided into two situations. One is synchronous overlapping infection, and some people are infected with the H1N1 virus and mycoplasma at the same time. Second, the infection has been superimposed. The patient was infected with the H1N1 virus first, and then infected with mycoplasma after a period of time.

Previously, due to the strict respiratory prevention and control measures adopted in COVID-19, acute respiratory diseases such as mycoplasma and virus infection decreased compared with other years. With the normalization of prevention and control, these diseases have returned to the pre-epidemic performance this year, and the incidence level has returned to normal. Therefore, compared with the previous three years, it seems that respiratory diseases have increased this year.

Experts said that in the high season of respiratory infectious diseases, people prone to superimposed infection mainly include people with low immunity, impaired immunity, chronic diseases, unhealthy work and rest, people who stay up late for a long time, and people who are often overtired. Some people were initially infected with a pathogen, and they were not treated in time, or they did not receive formal treatment. After delaying diagnosis and treatment, their condition worsened, and then superimposed infection appeared. Therefore, no matter what the fashion trend is, everyone should pay attention to it and do personal protection.

Experts remind:

Pathogens are complex and changeable, so don’t use antibiotics at will.

Recently, "Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection" has been frequently searched. Some parents of children give their children antibiotics such as azithromycin by themselves. At the press conference, experts made it clear that this practice is not desirable.

Experts reminded that it is the high season of respiratory diseases in children. Although mycoplasma pneumoniae infection accounts for a lot, on the whole, virus is still the most common pathogen of respiratory infections in children. Common viruses include adenovirus, rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus and human metapneumovirus. Azithromycin is ineffective for these pathogen infections. In addition, children are young and their organ functions are not well developed, and drug abuse may cause adverse reactions in children. In addition, azithromycin is a prescription drug, which is the first choice for mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. It should be used under the guidance of a doctor or pharmacist, including appropriate dosage, appropriate course of treatment and correct route of administration. Children are not miniature versions of adults, so we should pay attention to their safety and effectiveness.

There are also some children who are infected with respiratory infectious diseases and have symptoms such as fever and cough. Some parents think that infusion is necessary to be thorough. Is this necessary?

According to this expert, some parents think that intravenous infusion is better than oral treatment, but there is no such conclusion. Treatment should be selected according to the patient’s condition. For example, severe children can choose intravenous infusion, while most children are mild and can be treated with oral drugs.

In addition, in view of the "lung washing" operation that parents are worried about, lung lavage has strict operating indications, and bronchoalveolar lavage is carried out through fiberoptic bronchoscope. According to experts, children with mycoplasma pneumonia are indeed treated with lung lavage this year. For example, children have atelectasis, local consolidation, and even very serious inflammatory reactions such as necrosis and sputum thrombosis. At this time, lung lavage under bronchoscope may be needed to make the airway unobstructed, and at the same time, the degree of lung lesions can be seen under the microscope. "Lung lavage" is an important treatment for children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia, but bronchoscopy is not routine for mild mycoplasma pneumonia. Experts also said that not all children infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae will develop pneumonia, the vast majority of infected people are mild, and only a few will develop into severe diseases. Generally, the prognosis is good, and there will be no sequelae.

There are tricks for prevention and control:

Give full play to the specialty of traditional Chinese medicine and build a barrier of "treating different diseases at the same time"

For ordinary families, Chinese medicine is a powerful protective barrier to deal with the overlapping of various respiratory diseases in winter and to do a good job in preventing multiple diseases.

Chinese medicine has always advocated prevention before illness, prevention of change after illness, and prevention of recovery after illness. In the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases, Chinese medicine has achieved early intervention, full use and comprehensive coverage. Integration plays a role in all stages of "prevention, treatment and rehabilitation". At the same time, the unique ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, such as syndrome differentiation and treatment, overall conditioning, strengthening the body resistance and eliminating evil, and multi-targeted play, also provide strong support for joint prevention and treatment of many diseases.

No matter the common cold, influenza, COVID-19 or mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, they all belong to the category of exogenous febrile diseases in Chinese medicine, so we can adopt the principle of "treating different diseases at the same time" and treat them with drugs according to the symptoms. For example, many families always have flowers to clear the plague.

The prescription of Lianhua Qingwen originated from the classic prescription of Chinese medicine for treating febrile diseases for more than 2,000 years. It has Yinqiao powder for dispersing exogenous pathogens and relieving exterior syndrome, which can improve symptoms such as fever and headache. Maxing Shigan decoction, which can dispel lung heat, can improve symptoms such as fever and cough; There is also rhubarb that can clear the fu-organs and expel heat and evil spirits, which can avoid further aggravation of the disease; In addition, Rhodiola sachalinensis is innovatively added, which can improve the immune function of human body. Modern research has found that it has good antipyretic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, broad-spectrum antiviral and immune-enhancing effects.

In addition, from the point of view of traditional Chinese medicine, Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia belongs to the category of "lung heat cough" and "wind temperature invading the lung", etc. The main disease is that the lung is delicate and pathogenic wind attacks the lung, and it is confined to the lung, so its treatment should be mainly to clear the lung, relieve asthma, pungent and cool the lung, and relieve exterior and interior. In February this year, the National Health and Wellness Commission issued the "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Children (2023 Edition)", which mentioned that the diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumonia can be based on the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, combined with traditional Chinese medicine under routine treatment to shorten the course of disease and reduce the risk. Clinical studies have shown that the addition of Lianhua Qingwen on the basis of routine treatment can shorten the hospitalization time by 3.5 days, reduce the fever time by 2.5 days, shorten the cough disappearance time by 3.7 days and shorten the shortness of breath time by 1 day, reduce the serum inflammatory factor level of children and improve their lung function.

Basic research shows that Lianhua Qingwen has inhibitory effects on parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus and other viruses that cause common cold. It can inhibit influenza A virus (H1N1, H3N2, etc.), influenza B virus and other influenza viruses. It can also significantly inhibit Covid-19 activity. In the nearly 20 years since its listing, Lianhua Qingwen has been included in the consensus of diagnosis and treatment plans or guidelines for infectious public health events such as H1N1, H1N1 and COVID-19 issued by National Health Commission and state administration of traditional chinese medicine for 34 times. Its effectiveness and safety have been proved by many parties, and it is more reassuring to use it. For children, it is recommended to consult a doctor or pharmacist.

In short, it is very necessary to do a good job of "multi-disease prevention" in response to the winter respiratory infectious diseases. In addition to developing good hygiene habits, self-health monitoring and maintaining environmental hygiene, there are always therapeutic drugs such as Lianhua Qingwen at home. Once the relevant symptoms appear, timely symptomatic medication under the guidance of doctors can alleviate the condition, so that it is no longer a problem to prevent a variety of common infectious diseases.

1905 movie network exclusive It’s been a long time since there was such an authentic sci-fi film. I was spoiled by the bad routine of Hollywood, and I suspected that I saw a fake sci-fi film.

If you don’t agree with each other, you will eat people and blame them. If you don’t agree with each other, you will conan the destroyer and rule the world. In the past, in our YY, aliens were either greedy and ugly beasts or godless sticks.

Fortunately, arrival, which was released these two days, finally helped us to lavage our stomachs: although aliens are still ugly, their handwriting is good-looking; Although the alien spacecraft is still awesome, people are not here for aggression … …

You see, you don’t have to fight and kill to engage in science fiction. People came to the earth not far from Wan Li, probably to teach us savage earthlings to write and write calligraphy, and it’s okay to cultivate our sentiments … …

Of course, it is not easy to learn calligraphy, and it is even more difficult to learn "foreign language" calligraphy, not to mention that we are going to learn "alien" calligraphy this time … … Before learning calligraphy with Advent, let’s master the following basic knowledge:

[Rising before watching movies: You need to know these connotations]

As a rare science fiction work with linguistics as its core, this means that "Coming" is somewhat far from ordinary fans. But after reading the following cold knowledge, I believe this work is not as "brain-burning" as you think.

I didn’t study language, but culture.

Linguistics ≠ Learning Language: What exactly is linguistics for?

As the name implies, "linguistics" is the science of studying language. Grammar, semantics and phonetics are all within the scope of linguistics. Unlike simply learning a specific language, linguistics focuses on the development of all human languages or "Chinese" at a higher level, not just on how to translate a specific language.

Language is the code to decipher civilization. Different languages reflect differences in different cultures, ways of thinking and world views, which are the focus of linguistic research.

"If it is not my race, its heart will be different." In the story of arrival, the military hired linguists to help decipher the alien language, not to learn about alien civilization, but to find out their purpose and understand their civilization.

At the same time, the military wants aliens to know our language as little as possible. In fact, it is also afraid that aliens will know our civilization level and launch aggression or colonial wars.

Sapir (left) and Wolff (right)

Have you ever dreamed in a foreign language? Sapir — Wolf hypothesis

"I think about it every day and dream at night." I wonder if you have ever dreamed in a foreign language?

We all know that to really master a language, we need to think and express it with the logic behind it. So over time, will even the world view be taken away? The famous "Sapir — That’s what the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis says.

This hypothesis was put forward by Edward Sapir, a famous American linguist, and his disciple Benjamin Lee Whorf, who believed that all high-level thinking depended on language. Wolff further pointed out that people who use different languages have different feelings and experiences of the world, which is the "linguistic relativity".

If this hypothesis holds, then, as we often say, "poetry is what gets lost in translation", there is no real translation in the world. You can only abandon the inherent way of thinking, enter the world view behind the new language and acquire the new language, so as to truly feel the world built by the new language.

Think in a foreign language, dream in a foreign language, and predict the future in a foreign language?

Of course, this hypothesis has been facing controversy since it was put forward in the last century:

Supporters believe that this hypothesis highlights the cultural function of language, instead of using language as a simple tool, it emphasizes its influence on thinking and ideas;

Skeptics think that this statement is too exaggerated. Language and thinking are not simply a matter of who decides who, but a two-way interactive relationship.

And this "arrival" can be said to be another bold exaggeration of this hypothesis: when you master the nonlinear alien language, you can even predict the future.

　　memory

　　Four DDR4 memory slots can support up to 4400+MHz(OC) frequency of 128GB of memory, squeezing all the performance of the 3rd generation Ryzen processor, which is also very suitable for various brands of memory.

　　M.2

　　M.2_1 supports up to 2280 SSD, SATA mode and PCIe 4.0 (up to 16GT/s).

　　M.2_2 supports SSD with the maximum specification of 22110, SATA mode and PCIe 3.0, and provides heat sink to bring better heat dissipation to M.2 solid-state hard disk, which gives people a more stable feeling in appearance.

　　onboard sound card

　　The flagship high-quality audio chip of Realtek ALC S1200A is more pure in sound quality. The DTS game audio customization technology gives people an immersive experience. The outer metal shield isolates signal interference and is no longer affected by interfering audio such as mobile phones.

　　I/O control chip comes from NUVOTON, and the model is NCT 6798d-R.

　　AI intelligent noise reduction

In ASUS’s own Armoury Crate software, we can easily adjust some overclocking, keyboard and mouse light control, microphone audio, etc., and the AI intelligent noise reduction is also the feature of ASUS motherboard. Xiaobian compares the effects before and after turning on AI intelligent noise reduction, and can feel that in very noisy environment, this technology can also intelligently identify the main voices. Without affecting the human voice, the influence of the surrounding environment can be reduced as much as possible. After turning on, only subtle environmental sounds can be heard, and the main human voice is very obvious. When playing games with some teammates whose microphones are not particularly good, this function is very important.

　　display card

　　This motherboard has a patented PCIE 4.0 x16 ASUS SafeSlot high-strength metal reinforcement slot, which is first-class in load bearing, easy to deal with high-end heavyweight graphics cards, effective graphics cards and not easy to deform, and a PCIe 3.0 x16 slot to better deal with crossfire and PCIe solid state.

　　South bridge radiator

　　The main board south bridge heat sink has the LOGO of ASUS TUF GAMING e-sports agent series, and it is easy to disassemble.

　　serial ata

　　The motherboard is equipped with four SATAIII 6Gb/S interfaces at the bottom right corner, and the location design is suitable for wiring of most computer cases.

　　Backplane interface

　　Backplane interface provides 2 USB2.0, 2 USB3.2Gen2 interfaces (with the highest rate of 20Gb/s), 4 USB3.2Gen1 interfaces, 1 DP interface, 1 HDMI interface, 1 ASUS WI-FI 6 antenna module interface, 1 PS/2 keyboard and mouse interface, S/PDIF optical fiber digital audio interface, BIOS FlashBack motherboard BIOS update shortcut button, and full-rate Type-.

　　WI-FI 6 wireless technology is 40% faster than the previous generation wireless transmission speed, and the highest can reach 11 Gbit/s.

　　As an M-ATX motherboard backplane interface, it is very compatible with all kinds of devices, and it has quite good expansibility. The BIOS shortcut button is also convenient for players who customize the BIOS.

　　The State Forestry and Grassland Administration released on the 20th that in recent years, the global mangrove area has decreased as a whole, but the mangrove area in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, in our country is increasing year by year.

　　Zhanjiang Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangdong was established in 1990 and upgraded to a national nature reserve in 1997 with the approval of the State Council. The reserve is distributed along the coastline of Leizhou Peninsula and is divided into 37 protected areas with a total area of 20,278.8 hectares. The mangrove forest area is 7,228 hectares, accounting for 33% of the total area of mangroves in the country. It is the largest nature reserve with coastal mangrove area in our country.

　　Mangroves have dense and developed pillar roots that are firmly rooted in the silt to form stable "supports", known as "sea guards", which can withstand typhoons and waves.

　　However, in recent decades, land reclamation, wharf infrastructure, and beach reclamation have dealt a heavy blow to mangroves. According to the "China Marine Environmental Depth Report" released by the former State Oceanic Administration in 2011, compared with the 1950s, our country’s mangrove area has lost 73%. In the mid-1980s, the area of Zhanjiang mangroves dropped sharply from 14,000 hectares in the early days of the founding of New China to 5,800 hectares.

　　Since the 1990s, Zhanjiang has salvaged a number of mangrove forests and mangrove wetland ecosystems through the establishment of mangrove nature reserves. Due to the fact that the protected areas are too scattered, spanning 39 townships and surrounding populations of about 2.44 million people, it is difficult to solve historical legacy problems such as beach aquaculture and handle the relationship between development and protection.

　　In recent years, with the rectification of the central environmental protection inspector as an opportunity, Zhanjiang has taken many measures to restore and protect mangrove wetland resources, so that the ecosystem can be restored.

　　According to the Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve Administration, Zhanjiang has formulated a special plan for more than 4,800 hectares of aquaculture ponds in the nature reserve, and plans to complete the task of clearing within three years from 2018. At present, 410.5 hectares of aquaculture ponds in the core area have been cleared. At the same time, for the aquaculture ponds in the experimental area, a condominium agreement has been signed with the farmers to provide ecological compensation, so that the farmers can ensure natural tide absorption and protect the normal growth of mangroves.

　　The reporter learned that in 2018, 157 hectares of mangroves were newly afforested in the reserve, 150 hectares were newly afforested in 2019, and 960 hectares were sealed and replanted, which promoted the recovery and growth of mangroves through ecological restoration. (CCTV reporter, Shi Shaoyu)

　　(Editor, Zhang Wensi)