In the past two years, every day, start-up companies have obtained financing, and some start-up projects have been terminated or closed down. In 2015, there were as many as 846 companies that received A-round investment. With the prosperity of venture capital bubble, investment and entrepreneurship have become fashionable sports. However, most of the projects that were set off by capital for a while could not stand the test of reality and time and soon got into trouble. In the past two years, Internet startups have received financing every day, and O2O entrepreneurial projects have been suspended or closed down.
Attention: ★★★★★★★
Keywords: catering O2O
Time of "Death": On April 29th, 2016, WeChat official account, a master-flavored WeChat, issued a farewell letter announcing its closure.
?model: Officially launched in May 2015, it is a food and beverage take-out platform for high-end users. By the end of business, Master Taste has established 24 crowdsourcing distribution stations in Beijing and once had a central kitchen of 800 square meters.
Financing record: In August 2015, it received several million yuan of angel round financing.
self-examination/introspection: The current O2O seems to be not a light business, but getting heavier and heavier, and the difficulty of entrepreneurial success is also increasing. Fan Xinhong, founder and CEO, said in his farewell letter that due to the expiration of the central kitchen rent, the failure to seek a new round of financing, and the disadvantage of finding a new processor in business, the funds of Master Taste eventually dried up, and it was unsustainable, and it was inevitable that it would go bankrupt.
Attention: ★★★★★★★★
Keywords: post-90s entrepreneurship, second element
"Death" time: July 22, 2016, sales stopped.
model: It is positioned as the first personalized e-commerce platform for teenagers in China focusing on the post-95 generation, and provides high-quality and high-quality products for young users according to interest tags and recommendation algorithms. The selection focuses on snacks, accessories, schoolbags, stationery, and other products that you like after 95.
self-examination/introspectionWang Kaixin, CEO of Magic Department Store, reflected on his own experience in the article "In the year when Magic Department Store was founded, I almost experienced all the pits that I should encounter when starting a business": after the A round of financing, he began to expand blindly, greatly increased the number of employees, used headhunters to recruit the so-called "big cows" and top technical talents, blindly believed in the background of a big company, believed in the so-called professional talents and experience, blindly formulated strategies, and set foot in the supply chain when he had no supply chain experience.
Financing record: In 2015, it received an angel investment of RMB 2.3 million from Zhu Bo, an investor in Shenzhen Innovation Valley. On January 26th, 2016, Magic Department Store announced that it had received a series A financing of RMB 20 million. This round was led by Jingwei China, followed by Zhenge Fund and Innovation Valley.
In the rush of entrepreneurship, there are too many projects that disappear silently before they reach the capital site (without financing). A large number of O2O startups and Internet entrepreneurs have entered, and the market has entered a bubble period. Old enterprises keep falling down.
It can be said that "the past never forgets the future". Let’s reflect on the reason! Now take stock of the death list of popular industry projects and learn from them!
Medical O2O is a newly emerging industry with the development of Internet in recent years. The favorable signal of the government to promote medical reform is a catalyst to promote the development of medical o2o, and it is a typical example of the transformation of traditional enterprises by the Internet. According to the survey, the mobile medical market in China was 2.84 billion yuan in 2014, and it is estimated that the number of enterprises engaged in medical O2O will reach 4.23 billion yuan in 2015, among which mobile medical care and physical therapy health care are developing intensively and explosively. However, while the whole industry is developing by spurt, a large number of medical O2O enterprises have quietly withdrawn from the market.
Cause of death:
1. The rise of mobile medical care, intelligent hardware and door-to-door service has seized a large part of the market share, and the traditional online medical care enterprises have had an impact, resulting in the death of a number of enterprises.
2. As can be seen from the list, most of the dead enterprises focus on health management, and there are many enterprises engaged in this field, which is not conducive to the formation of competitive advantage. Once there is no capital injection by giants, it is easy to be eliminated by the industry.
- Death list of American industry
At present, the entire beauty industry market in China has a scale of hundreds of billions, and the beauty industry (including plastic surgery) has the largest market scale, and the rest are hairdressing industry and nail industry, and the whole market is very huge. There are two or three million specialty store under the US industry line, and the whole line is highly dispersed. In the future, with the development of O2O in the US industry, it will bring more and more opportunities to investors. Some people are happy and some people are worried. The O2O in the US industry has just started, and enterprises that have no ability to finance and continuously train users have difficulties and even closed down.
There are 7 O2O dead enterprises in the US industry in this inventory, 5 of which are about hairdressing APP platforms, and their cities are mainly Beijing and Shanghai.
Cause of death：
1, low frequency, not just needed, hairdressing O2O is generally not optimistic.Judging from the financing situation of the US industry, there is basically no financing for hairdressing, which shows that investors are not optimistic about the hairdressing industry O2O. The reason is that the offline stores in the hairdressing industry are relatively developed, and there are countless offline stores, so it is difficult to compete online; Family scenes such as door-to-door visits cannot be integrated with hairdressing services; It is difficult to change customers’ consumption habits. Consumers are used to choosing well-known distribution stores or nearby hairdressing stores, and there is less demand for services such as hairdressing consultation. The key to all service classes is traffic. Therefore, it is the most important work for entrepreneurs to cut into the segmentation field and start traffic quickly. Although the hairdressing industry has high frequency and demand, whether the O2O project of door-to-door hairdressing is really a rigid demand may require entrepreneurs to think twice. Not to mention the mess left on the floor at home after cutting your hair, it is a problem whether you can invite the real "big name" in the barber shop.
2. It cannot be standardized.In the past, group buying websites also provided American services, but why didn’t group buying give a strong impetus to American services? The most important reason is that the beauty industry belongs to non-standard services. Non-standard services are likely to be "difficult to serve at both ends", and entrepreneurs should learn to be "little wives" who suffer indignities at both ends. Therefore, the beauty industry O2O is actually an industry that looks beautiful but actually suffers.
In 2014, the service turnover of the national wedding industry reached about 700 billion, and the overall profit rate of the wedding industry tends to be lower and will continue. The so-called wedding profiteering is "yesterday’s yellow flower". This is largely due to the impact of the Internet.
Cause of death：
Low frequency consumption, lack of resources. The internet process of the marriage industry is relatively short. In this inventory, most of the enterprises that have stopped operating were established earlier. Because the marriage industry is an industry with low-frequency demand, how to improve user stickiness and continuously expand the industrial chain (horizontal or vertical) has become an urgent problem for every enterprise.
Recently, Pintu. com reporter interviewed the search shot that just got financing. According to its CEO Sun Peng, they have spent two months on trial and error. Now they have begun to adjust their pace and start business from the field of wedding photography.
Most of the wedding platforms are based on offline resources, and no offline resources are tantamount to passive water. From this inventory, we can also see that many platform-based websites cannot stand in the market. According to industry sources, many photography O2O platforms are now lingering.
- Death list of real estate category
Real estate O2O is expected to have a market scale of trillions. Playing real estate requires considerable strength. Apartment rental and rental/sale platforms frequently raise over 100 million yuan. For example, in June 2015, Qingke Apartment received 180 million RMB Series B financing, in May 2015, Rubik’s Cube Apartment received 200 million USD Series B financing, Jiwu.com received 100 million RMB Series A financing, and Aiwu Jiwu received 120 million USD Series D financing.
Some people are happy and others are worried, and the huge financing shows that either the industry threshold is high; Either the industry is converging, and the opportunities left by the market for latecomers are getting less and less.
There are 7 real estate O2O dead enterprises in this inventory, five of which were established in 2013, and their cities are mainly Beijing and Shanghai, mainly engaged in rental business.
Cause of death：
1. After the adjustment in 2014, the real estate industry bid farewell to the "golden age" and faced a new reshuffle, and the merger of "Big Fish eat small fish" became the new normal. In the words of one practitioner, this industry is too crowded. There are 1,000 players, and the market can only accommodate 100 players. All 900 players have to leave.
2. The leader in the rental field looms. At the beginning of 2015, there was no commission for the chain rental business, and only five days’ rent was charged as a service fee. Love me, love my house, in Beijing and Shanghai, the tenant commission is free. The former is a chain home, occupying half of the second-hand housing transaction market in Beijing. The latter, after four months on the line, became the first rental market in Shanghai. Companies that can’t afford to burn can only make way.
Compared with simple household goods e-commerce, home improvement is the highlight of this industry. The Internet home improvement industry is the product of deep integration of online and offline, and it is a trillion-dollar market. Internet home improvement will usher in a critical period in the next 2-3 years. During this period, whoever can take the lead in making a good model, integrating the supply chain, getting capital and realizing the replication of the model will quickly stand out. It is predicted that 90% of Internet home improvement companies will die.
Among the six "dead enterprises" in this inventory, one is a home decoration e-commerce company, and the other five are decoration companies, involving enterprises that provide docking design, supervision and one-stop decoration services.
Cause of death：
1. The homogenization is serious, and the lack of differentiated competition leads to insufficient core competitiveness. Regardless of the platform or heavy vertical enterprises, the current home improvement enterprises all focus on slogans such as "0 Zeng Xiang", "environmental protection materials" and "advanced suppliers", and the differentiation is not obvious.
2. Being defeated in the price war is difficult to brand. Internet home improvement has not appeared, and there will not be a monopoly in the short term. The home improvement industry has its own complexity. At present, many enterprises are keeping an eye on the price war in order to seize channels and seize users. Packages below 1,000 yuan, such as 699 yuan, 688 yuan and 777 yuan, are emerging one after another. Internet information is transparent, and prices can be compared at will. Some enterprises can’t integrate the industrial chain well and reduce costs. In order to ensure their interests, they can’t join the melee of packages below 1,000 yuan, while users themselves are pursuing cost performance. For products with similar quality and service, they naturally give priority to the one with lower price.
Of course, price war is not the best choice, branding is a better way to ensure market position: no matter whether the market is hot or not, the brands can always occupy market share. Some enterprises can’t keep up with the price war, and the road to branding has not yet taken shape, so they can only disappear in the whirlpool of business.
From the taxi field, last year and the year before last, under the crazy subsidy of Didi and Fast, it burned 2.4 billion yuan a year! Many taxi software companies that haven’t had time to catch up with big bosses have closed down one after another, but no one expected that the two companies that were originally feuds actually shook hands this year. After the merger, Didi quickly launched a series of travel products, such as hitchhiking, buses and driving, which made many small and medium-sized startups Alexander. First of all, a large number of taxi software closed down, and then carpooling and driving. Then let’s look at the cause of death in the travel industry.
There are 11 O2O dead enterprises in this inventory, and the cities where they are located are mainly Beijing and Shanghai. The following are the specific causes of death.
Cause of death：
1. The big brother has just appeared, and the pattern has become.For start-ups, it’s simply internal and external troubles. After the rapid merger of Didi, it is like a tiger, which breaks the highest record of financing for startups. The threat from Uber, the international giant, hangs the sheep’s head of carpooling, but is doing the business of special car, which directly threatens the two product lines of carpooling and special car.
2. Tightening investment A large number of carpooling companies are facing a grain shortage.It is understood that since 2013, when Beijing promulgated the Opinions on Car Sharing in Beijing, carpooling software has sprung up like mushrooms after rain, with more than 20 companies providing car pooling services.
However, with Didi’s announcement to enter the carpooling market, investors began to be cautious about the investment in the carpooling field, and the financing difficulty in carpooling software suddenly increased. As the top three carpooling companies, Didi Carpool, 51 Car and Everyday Car have merged into the latest batch of "grain and grass" before the war by virtue of their users and market share, but they are also likely to be the last batch of "grain and grass".
The automobile aftermarket, like the taxi platform, is a bloody battlefield for resources and traffic.
Cause of death：
1. The threshold is extremely high: For starters, O2O entrepreneurship in the automotive field has a very high threshold.Especially for car platform projects, the BAT Big Three have dabbled in three taxi projects: Didi, Kuai and Uber. Even if it is easy to use the car, the No.1 car has gradually formed a climate, so there is basically no chance for the taxi platform.
2, the service is difficult to guaranteeFor the automotive aftermarket, a service-based market, there is no channel to be compressed. To get cheaper for consumers, there is only one way to bring enough customers to the merchants, which is the group buying mode. But service resources can’t be in stock like commodities. In the case of group purchase, saturation is easy to occur, which leads to consumers’ reservation and queuing, and reduces the overall consumption experience.
3, word of mouth and credibility is not enough.For the service stores in the automotive aftermarket, according to the current review method, it is not enough to bring much word-of-mouth help. The car is a very complicated commodity, and there are many car service items. As the main service carrier, the car can’t speak, and most consumers can’t understand it. Even experts can’t understand it when they are not at the scene. Isn’t the online comment a "blind comment"? The credibility of reviews has declined, and word-of-mouth communication has also failed, which is a difficult problem for intermediaries operating O2O.
In the past five years, e-commerce in the travel industry has been surging, and there are countless websites and apps that are well-known in the country, far better than traditional companies.
According to the operation mode of the main business, tourism O2O projects can be basically divided into two categories, which focus on the production and service providers of certain categories of travel products, such as hotel reviews-where to go when you arrive, Tongcheng and Mama Donkey, which are mainly based on tickets, and comprehensive providers, which not only provide self-operated services, but also serve as supplier platforms, such as Ctrip, Tuniu and Qunar.
Under the attack of the giants and the impact of capital, a number of "killed" lists appeared in East China, which were basically established in the past three years. There is even a platform that has persisted for more than ten years, but it still failed to escape the impact of the times and was forced to "close the door".
Cause of death:
1. The layout of giants is accelerating. From the above table, we can see that most of the websites of closed tourism O2O projects have overlapped with giant businesses. In recent years, the tentacles of online travel giants have gradually moved down from online, with the goal of controlling offline resources and services. At the same time, offline traditional tourism has also begun to be laid out online. Under the attack of two giants, tourism O2O has become the battlefield of "rich people", and ordinary people seem to have lost their ability to compete.
2. Low penetration rate and slow improvement. As early as 2012, China’s online shopping penetration rate surpassed that of the United States, but the online travel penetration rate was several times behind that of the United States. From the perspective of barrel theory, although we have a gap in Internet penetration in hotels, air tickets and leisure and holiday tours, the most obvious shortcoming is the low penetration rate and slow growth of ticket products in leisure and holiday products. Obviously, it takes a long time to wait and consume to change the status quo.
- List of educational deaths
Since 2014, capital has continuously entered the field of education. It is estimated that the online education market will reach 123.7 billion yuan in 2015, and the number of online education users in China is expected to exceed 120 million in 2017. By the end of 2014, there were no fewer than 30 online education enterprises that died or were acquired. The whole industry has entered a bubble period with the influx of capital and the blind entry of entrepreneurs. For the convenience of watching, this inventory involves 26 "dead" educational O2O enterprises, and it is not difficult to find that K12 is the majority. In recent years, K12 education and vocational education and training have become hot investment fields, but the capital madness is also full of sadness.
Cause of death：
1. Too optimistic, not enough cash flow to support.In the case of K12 education, most of these projects provide online teaching, counseling, answering questions and other services. However, students’ time is limited, and they are often monopolized by schools and traditional education enterprises. Therefore, if such platforms are too small, it will be difficult to fight against tradition. Once the busy line is too long, the cash flow will become very dangerous. The most typical example is the ladder net and the good net of Gong Haiyan, the "little dragon girl". After the failure, she once said that she was "too optimistic and rash to start her second venture, and the front line was too long, so that she spent all the company financing several months ago".
2. Industry giants hold up half the sky, and small enterprises are difficult to develop.Education industries such as New Oriental, Good Future, Tencent Classroom and Taobao students continue to develop rapidly. Giants such as BAT continue to integrate more vertical education enterprises through mergers and acquisitions or shareholding, and lay out their own ecological education circles. The advantages of giants in traffic are unmatched by small enterprises.
3. The homogenization competition is serious and there is a lack of high-quality content.At present, the biggest problem of online education is the lack of high-quality educational content. It is not feasible to simply and rudely record offline content online. Learning requires high enthusiasm, and the course lacks corresponding mechanisms, and the content is unattractive, which will be very painful for students. The cost of online education is increasing, and homogenization makes the development of some enterprises unsustainable.
- Food and beverage death list
In the past 2014, many excellent entrepreneurial projects emerged in the field of catering O2O. Although many projects stopped in 2014 or 2015 forever, it was their constant attempts on the road of entrepreneurship that made us have an increasingly convenient lifestyle.
Relevant statistics show that the catering O2O market was only 9.22 billion yuan in 2010, and this figure is expected to reach 138.9 billion yuan in 2015, which is expected to increase by 46.8% compared with 2014. In five years, this market has expanded rapidly at a rate of over ten times.
However, unlike the prosperity of the catering O2O market, few entrepreneurs will deny that catering is a hard work. Even brands that are rapidly emerging with the help of the Internet will "boil" slowly under the tropic of cancer sooner or later. From the inventory, it can be seen that whether it is a take-away platform, vertical catering, single-item catering or catering service providers, there are different degrees of dead enterprises in various fields. Investigate its reason, roughly divided into the following levels.
Cause of death:
1. Today, there are many giants in the field of catering O2O. Internet giants are more accustomed to being simple and rude, rich and willful, and directly use money to "stun" users to cultivate user habits. However, behind the melee such as burning money, subsidies, smashing traffic, and grabbing users, the entrance that users can continue to choose is limited. Therefore, the take-away platform must be step by step, and even the "rich second generation" like Taodian has failed to make a difference in the past. It can be seen that the project difficulty coefficient of the take-away platform is great.
2. Take-away O2O has two "high points" that must be occupied: if the customer unit price can be high, it will be high. If it can’t be high, it will be high-frequency. If neither of these two accounts for it, it needs a longer shelf life. Especially for vertical items, service speed control is particularly important. If the category is too single or seasonal, it is easy to fall into the situation that the distribution cost is too high and the customer unit price can’t go up, and the later operation will always be in an uneven state.
3. The key to the expansion of catering enterprises is the standardization, intensification and taste stability of meals, such as sipping, sipping and fishing at sea. The dishes are single and easy to standardize, and the biggest guarantee of these industrialization processes is the central kitchen. However, the investment in the central kitchen is huge, and the number of stores needs to keep up to break even, so it is not surprising that enterprises that have not crossed the break-even point have closed down.
4. Under the trend of intelligent and Internet-oriented businesses, many entrepreneurs choose to cut in from the B-end such as selling management software, CRM and ordering tools, thinking that if the B-end is done well, the C-end will be able to complete the O2O closed loop naturally. However, in the competition of catering management system, there is a big threshold for system substitution. In addition, the B-end is dominant, and the C-end users are insensitive. The imbalance between B-end and C-end is serious, and there are also problems. On the contrary, it seems easier to finally complete the transaction by starting from the queue (C-end), acquiring users and then cutting into the merchant catering management system.
Community O2O is expected to have a market scale of trillions. Community O2O is a big outlet. Take the comprehensive domestic service and the last 3 kilometers of FMCG products as an example. In 2015, the financing events with a scale of over 100 million yuan included: in May, the housekeeper helped to raise RMB 120 million, in April, Dmall raised USD 100 million, in March, Midea Life raised USD 25 million, and Aixian Bee raised USD 20 million.
Capital is optimistic, on the one hand, because of the large market space, there is almost no ceiling; On the other hand, because the ultimate community consumption port has not been found. However, the community is not like traveling. It is good for local tyrants to spend money to change their consumption habits. This is a dirty and tiring job. The resource integration and later control of each community need to run out step by step. Therefore, some people are struggling, others are falling, and the industry leader has not yet appeared.
There are 11 community O2O dead enterprises in this inventory, 9 of which were established in 2013. The city where they are located is mainly Beijing, and the industries involved include domestic comprehensive services, laundry services, after-home appliances services, pet care, campus e-commerce and property services.
Cause of death:
1. In the field of community O2O, capital is not the first priority, and online traffic is not the key to success. The most important thing is offline access and resources. Offline service requires a lot of manpower and is a typical asset-oriented model. If there is a lack of high profits, it will be difficult to sustain.
2. Community projects, such as housekeeping, laundry, and fast-moving consumer goods, have an average customer list of tens of yuan, which requires small steps to run quickly, that is, to cover high-density community users and achieve high frequency. Offline barriers, community experience barriers and community physical boundaries are all insurmountable obstacles, which restrict the development of community O2O enterprises. When the meager income is difficult to cover the high cost, the entrepreneurial platform will face a tragic elimination process.
3. The user’s habits have not yet formed, and the surface seems to be full of vitality. However, with the publicity period, the user’s enthusiasm is cold.
The retail market has always been a big cake coveted by everyone. Wal-Mart, the retail giant, won the top spot in the recently released Fortune 500, followed by Amazon, the e-commerce retail giant. This shows how "fat" this market is. With the announcement of Wal-Mart’s full control of No.1 Store and the arrival of Ali Tmall Supermarket, the trend of "coming rain is coming" has become very clear, and the competition for retail e-commerce has officially entered a white-hot stage.
Cause of death：
1. Died of unsatisfactory localization.Daily necessities are the main content of the retail industry, and there are shops and small supermarkets near residents’ gathering places. These physical stores can basically meet the needs of daily life. However, when retail e-commerce companies cut in, they can "fool" the user base with low prices at first, but when the subsidy tide passes, when the distribution of these e-commerce companies takes longer than self-raising, or when the products they send are not fresh or have quality problems, and they choose and customize clothes but find that there is no experience store nearby, users will inevitably abandon retail.
2. Personalized customization due to insufficient consumer motivation.It often means niche, and when the consumption of your niche user group is not enough to support the operation of the company, the company is not far from bankruptcy. In the process of inventory, there are many retail e-commerce companies based on personalized customized services, some selling specialty products and some specially customized clothes, while in the fresh food industry, most of them provide semi-finished vegetables. At first glance, these ideas are very distinctive, and the prospect after being the biggest and stronger should be good. However, this idea is not suitable for two kinds of retail e-commerce.
The first type is the retail e-commerce with high requirements for community, such as providing semi-finished products and vegetables bought on behalf of white-collar workers. White-collar workers will cook less on weekdays, and they will also choose to visit the supermarket on their own when they have time and demand on weekends. When buying food, they will supplement other daily necessities, so there is little demand for others to buy them on their behalf, so the number of people placing orders every day within the radiation range of retailers is bound to be small. In this case, the chances of survival of retail e-commerce providing services on behalf of buyers are very small.
The second type is entrepreneurial e-commerce. For example, clothing e-commerce that requires higher experience stores, whether it is customization or online selection, the main feature of these e-commerce companies is basically that they can try on and experience offline. In this case, a large and mature clothing enterprise like Uniqlo can easily meet the requirements of online and offline experience, but there are not many experience stores for entrepreneurial clothing e-commerce, which cannot meet the offline experience requirements of most customers, especially for some customized users.
3. Died of lack of standardization.Standardization is an important principle in the retail industry, such as supply, price, quality and after-sales, which are all hardware to measure retail enterprises, and delivery time is also needed in retail e-commerce. Before the retail e-commerce enters the market, it always tells the story very well. Once there is a problem, it often falls into the mire and there is no response.
According to the "China P2P online loan industry July 2015 Monthly Report" published by Online Loan House and Yingcan Consulting, by the end of July 2015, there were 2,136 normal operating platforms in China. The data also shows that the provinces with the most problem platforms in July were Guangdong, Shandong and Zhejiang. In addition, according to the statistics of the report of the P2P lending industry in Beijing in the first half of the year released by the data center of Zero One Research Institute, the overall turnover of the P2P lending industry in Beijing in the first half of the year was about 70 billion yuan, 1.5 times that of last year.
Cause of death：
Lack of supervision and chaos
Due to the lack of supervision, the P2P industry has been in a barbaric growth mode for a long time. According to the data of Antoubao, a P2P third-party rating agency, as of the end of June 2015, there were more than 2,100 P2P platforms operating in China. In the first half of 2015, there were about 900 new platforms, and many companies with the background of state-owned banks also joined the P2P army. By the end of June, there were more than 70 P2P companies with state-owned assets, listed companies and bank backgrounds. At the same time, however, there were 456 problem platforms in the P2P industry in the first half of the year, of which 40% were difficult to withdraw cash, and 50% were related to loss of connection and fraud.
Regarding the issue of online lending, whether it can be operated in case of liquidation remains to be detailed by the regulatory authorities. Bangke. com was reported as "closed" by the online loan home; Zero One Finance reported that it issued a liquidation announcement in June. However, in the B2 page of Shandong Business Daily published on July 22nd, there appeared an article entitled "The Management Measures of Internet Finance Landing-A Comprehensive Interpretation of Guiding Opinions by Bangke.com". As of press time, Pintu. com reporter has not found any new target on its official website.
It is understood that Bangke. com has carried out a round of financing. In fact, there have been negative news on well-known platforms, such as bad debts of Hongling Venture Capital.
In addition to the more serious problem of online lending, crowdfunding and consumer financial products also need to improve the corresponding rules and supporting measures.
- Service provider death list
In recent years, with the rise of the Internet, technologies such as cloud computing and big data have become more and more popular, and it is time to enter the DT era. Just as the previous industrial revolutions brought great innovations to life, the fourth industrial revolution not only changed life, but also changed people’s living habits. The war gradually changed from a physical war to an information war, in which computer technology played a key role.
Service providers play an irreplaceable role in the era of Internet informationization. The development of industry and the innovation of enterprises are closely related to the progress of technology. Before, the author had listed 97 service providers, all of which silently provided support for the industry through technology. Many of these segments are strongly supported by capital, but many enterprises are constantly being eliminated in innovation.
Cause of death：
1. The pace of technological innovation is slow. Service providers are mostly supported by technology. With the development of the times, while the development strategy keeps up with the times, the research and innovation of technology is also a high requirement for service providers. In this fast-paced era, many enterprises still stay in the original pace because of some technology lags behind, which leads to failure.
2. Lack of innovation. Among the enterprises of service providers, many enterprises have already established their position as leaders, and many emerging enterprises still follow the old path of giants, with imperfect ecological chain, no strong background of giant enterprises in the capital chain, and lack of innovation in development, which has been eliminated.
- Death list of sports and fitness category
Although O2O is still in the early stage of industry development, with the continuous growth of family economic income and concern for health in China, it will usher in considerable incremental market space.
But in the early stage, some people have to test the water, and some people have to be submerged. Although people will only remember the most successful ones, the entrepreneurial spirit is precious.
There are 4 sports and fitness O2O dead enterprises in this inventory, all of which were established in 2013. Their cities are mainly Guangzhou and Shanghai, mainly engaged in the development of mobile applications.
Cause of death：
In this data-driven economic era, startups outline valuable fitness information big data contributed by users. But how can information be realized as soon as possible? For a startup, you must survive before you can talk about development.
There is only one funeral O2O death enterprise in this inventory. When it was established in 2014, it was reported by the media that it received 2 million financing before going online. But its website was shut down only one year later.
Cause of death：
1. Market environment.The domestic funeral industry is a relatively closed monopoly market affected by the system.
2. User consumption habits.Although the prices of offline merchants who still enjoy high profits are opaque at this stage, their experience is still trusted and recognized by users.
3. Low frequency, and besides website search, it is difficult to have a suitable way to promote the brand at this stage.
Note: Data is provided by Pintu. com.
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