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　　The State Forestry and Grassland Administration released on the 20th that in recent years, the global mangrove area has decreased as a whole, but the mangrove area in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, in our country is increasing year by year.

　　Zhanjiang Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangdong was established in 1990 and upgraded to a national nature reserve in 1997 with the approval of the State Council. The reserve is distributed along the coastline of Leizhou Peninsula and is divided into 37 protected areas with a total area of 20,278.8 hectares. The mangrove forest area is 7,228 hectares, accounting for 33% of the total area of mangroves in the country. It is the largest nature reserve with coastal mangrove area in our country.

　　Mangroves have dense and developed pillar roots that are firmly rooted in the silt to form stable "supports", known as "sea guards", which can withstand typhoons and waves.

　　However, in recent decades, land reclamation, wharf infrastructure, and beach reclamation have dealt a heavy blow to mangroves. According to the "China Marine Environmental Depth Report" released by the former State Oceanic Administration in 2011, compared with the 1950s, our country’s mangrove area has lost 73%. In the mid-1980s, the area of Zhanjiang mangroves dropped sharply from 14,000 hectares in the early days of the founding of New China to 5,800 hectares.

　　Since the 1990s, Zhanjiang has salvaged a number of mangrove forests and mangrove wetland ecosystems through the establishment of mangrove nature reserves. Due to the fact that the protected areas are too scattered, spanning 39 townships and surrounding populations of about 2.44 million people, it is difficult to solve historical legacy problems such as beach aquaculture and handle the relationship between development and protection.

　　In recent years, with the rectification of the central environmental protection inspector as an opportunity, Zhanjiang has taken many measures to restore and protect mangrove wetland resources, so that the ecosystem can be restored.

　　According to the Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve Administration, Zhanjiang has formulated a special plan for more than 4,800 hectares of aquaculture ponds in the nature reserve, and plans to complete the task of clearing within three years from 2018. At present, 410.5 hectares of aquaculture ponds in the core area have been cleared. At the same time, for the aquaculture ponds in the experimental area, a condominium agreement has been signed with the farmers to provide ecological compensation, so that the farmers can ensure natural tide absorption and protect the normal growth of mangroves.

　　The reporter learned that in 2018, 157 hectares of mangroves were newly afforested in the reserve, 150 hectares were newly afforested in 2019, and 960 hectares were sealed and replanted, which promoted the recovery and growth of mangroves through ecological restoration. (CCTV reporter, Shi Shaoyu)

　　(Editor, Zhang Wensi)

China-Africa Cooperation Forum Beijing Summit held a round table.
The Supreme Leader presided over the adoption of the Beijing Declaration and Beijing Action Plan.

On September 4th, the round table of Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The Supreme Leader of president and South African President Ramaphosa, the co-chair of the Forum, presided over the first and second sessions respectively. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Tao photo

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 4th (Reporter Wang Zhuolun, Liu Yujia) The round table of the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People on the 4th. The Supreme Leader of president and South African President Ramaphosa, the co-chair of the Forum, presided over the first and second sessions respectively. The meeting adopted the Beijing Declaration on Building a Closer Community of Destiny between China and Africa and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation-Beijing Action Plan (2019-2021).

At about 10: 00 a.m., the Supreme Leader, together with South African President Ramaphosa, co-chair of the Forum, and heads of delegations from other 53 African members of the Forum, entered the venue. The supreme leader declared the meeting open.

The participants focused on promoting China-Africa relations, deepening cooperation in various fields, building a closer community of destiny between China and Africa, building the "Belt and Road" and international and regional issues of common concern.

On September 4th, the round table of Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The Supreme Leader of president presided over the first phase of the meeting. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng photo

The Supreme Leader emphasized that in the past two days, the Beijing Summit focused on the theme of "win-win cooperation and work together to build a closer community of destiny between China and Africa", rallying cooperation consensus, docking development strategies, and once again singing the main theme of win-win cooperation and common development between China and Africa.

The Supreme Leader pointed out that the Beijing Summit of the Forum jointly reviewed the great development of China-Africa comprehensive strategic partnership of cooperation since the establishment of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation 18 years ago, especially since the Johannesburg Summit in 2015, and considered the full implementation of the "Ten Major Cooperation Plans" between China and Africa, which was satisfactory. We unanimously decided to work together to build a community of destiny between China and Africa with shared responsibility, win-win cooperation, happiness sharing, cultural prosperity, security and harmonious coexistence, build a solid political foundation for China-Africa relations, tighten the emotional ties between the Chinese and African people, and enrich the connotation of the era of China-Africa cooperation.

On September 4th, the round table of Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The Supreme Leader of president presided over the first phase of the meeting. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng photo

The supreme leader pointed out that we unanimously adopted the outcome document of the summit, which pointed out the direction for the development of China-Africa relations. The Beijing Declaration on Building a Closer Community of Destiny between China and Africa fully embodies China-Africa consensus on major issues in today’s world and demonstrates China-Africa determination to unite and be friendly, share opportunities and meet challenges together. The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation-Beijing Action Plan (2019-2021) plans pragmatic cooperation between China and Africa in various fields in the next three years and some time to come, shows the firm will of China and Africa to jointly implement the "Eight Actions" and promote the quality and efficiency of China-Africa cooperation, and depicts a new blueprint for win-win and common development of China-Africa cooperation.

The Supreme Leader emphasized that we all agreed to uphold the principle of mutual consultation, joint construction and sharing, and build the China-Africa Cooperation Forum into a brand of China-Africa solidarity and cooperation and a banner of international cooperation with Africa. We will strengthen policy coordination, promote the implementation of the outcomes of the Forum Summit, and closely integrate the "Belt and Road Initiative" jointly built by China and Africa, the African Union’s Agenda 2063, the United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2030, and the development strategies of African countries, so as to provide more opportunities and effective platforms for Africa’s development and revitalization, and provide inexhaustible motive force and greater space for China-Africa cooperation.

On September 4th, the round table of Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The Supreme Leader of president presided over the first phase of the meeting. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng photo

The supreme leader pointed out that the summit had an in-depth exchange of views on major international and regional issues such as the international situation, peace and security, and global governance. We are determined to strengthen communication and cooperation, firmly safeguard the open world economy and multilateral trading system, oppose protectionism and unilateralism, jointly safeguard each other’s core interests and the overall interests of developing countries, actively promote the building of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation, and make new and greater contributions to building a community of human destiny.

The Supreme Leader emphasized that China-Africa relations are accumulating strong momentum and ushering in broad and bright prospects in the new era. China is willing to work with Africa to push China-Africa strategic partnership to a new level by taking advantage of the east wind of the Beijing Summit of the Forum. We must unswervingly inherit the traditional friendship between China and Africa and make the tree of China-Africa friendship more deeply rooted; We must unswervingly deepen political mutual trust between China and Africa and make the strategic foundation of China-Africa cooperation more stable; We must unswervingly promote the common development of China and Africa and make the fruits of cooperation more beneficial to the Chinese and African people; We must unswervingly strengthen China-Africa unity and cooperation and make the tide of world peace and development stronger.

The Supreme Leader pointed out that the vigorous development of China-Africa cooperation not only promoted Africa’s development and progress, but also boosted the confidence of the African people and the international community in Africa’s development prospects, which also led international partners to pay more attention to Africa and increase investment and cooperation in Africa. Let us take this summit as a new starting point, uphold our initial intentions, unite as one, and work hard to realize the great dream of common development and revitalization of China and Africa.

On September 4th, the round table of Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The Supreme Leader of president and South African President Ramaphosa, the co-chair of the Forum, presided over the first and second sessions respectively. This is when the top leaders walked into the venue together with the heads of delegations from Ramaphosa and other 53 African members of the Forum. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng photo

African leaders spoke highly of the summit and agreed that it was a historic event to strengthen solidarity and cooperation between Africa and China, and once again released a strong signal to the world that Africa and China are committed to strengthening friendly cooperation and promoting great unity among developing countries. I am glad that more African countries have joined the forum, and the circle of non-Chinese friendship and friends has been expanding. The summit was pragmatic, efficient and fruitful, which effectively promoted the in-depth development of Africa-China cooperation and opened a new era of Africa-China cooperation. The forum will be guided by building a closer community of destiny between China and Africa, gather more strength for building a community of human destiny, and accumulate more positive energy for world peace, stability, development and prosperity.

The African side is satisfied with the implementation of the "Ten Cooperation Plans" determined by the Johannesburg Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, and highly values the "Eight Actions" and other new ideas and measures for non-pragmatic cooperation announced by the Supreme Leader in his speech at the opening ceremony of the Beijing Summit, saying that the relevant measures and initiatives are fully in line with the priority areas of Africa’s economic and social development, and will strengthen the top-level design for the development of Africa-China relations, achieve win-win and common development of Africa-China cooperation at a higher level, strengthen the overall strength of developing countries, and promote the international order. Africa supports and appreciates the "Belt and Road Initiative" and firmly believes that the joint construction of the "Belt and Road Initiative" between Africa and China will accelerate the regional integration in Africa and provide an important boost to the realization of the African Union’s Agenda 2063 and the United Nations’ Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2030.

On September 4th, the round table of Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The Supreme Leader of president presided over the first phase of the meeting. This is the supreme leader stepping into the meeting place. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi photo

The African side indicated that China has always listened, understood and supported Africa. When China helps Africa, it never interferes in the internal affairs of African countries. China always puts justice first in its cooperation with Africa, which is in sharp contrast with the long-standing inequality in international relations. Thank China for upholding justice in the international arena and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of Africa and developing countries. Strengthening cooperation between Africa and China in various fields will greatly enhance the role and influence of developing countries in international affairs.

All parties spoke highly of the Beijing Declaration on Building a Closer Community of Destiny between China and Africa and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation-Beijing Action Plan (2019-2021) adopted at the summit, and will make every effort to implement the Beijing Action Plan and build a closer community of destiny between China and Africa.

Ding Xuexiang, Yang Jiechi, Wang Yi and He Lifeng attended the above activities.

　　CCTV News:Among the seven counties that Sichuan announced poverty alleviation this time, Xide County in Liangshan was included. Zhongba Village, Luji Township, Xide County is located in the alpine mountain area, with an average elevation of about 2000 meters. Rice is one of the key industries in Zhongba Village. In the past, after the rice harvest every year, the village entered the "winter leisure" season. But in the last two days, the reporter came to Zhongba Village, but he felt a different slack season.

　　Luo Fan, Ph.D., Sichuan Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Panxi Characteristic Crops, Xichang College;After the soil is rotated by a rotary tiller, the moist soil under its land is turned over, and it is easier to germinate after seeds are sown. Just spread an acre of land evenly like this. If it doesn’t rain for about ten days after spreading, we’ll soak it in water.

　　Taking advantage of the fine weather, experts from the rice research group of Xichang College led a team to the contiguous rice base in Zhongba Village to guide the villagers to plant two kinds of grass, namely Paeonia glabra and Medicago sativa, which is the first and most important step to improve the soil in the rice base in Zhongba Village.

　　Luo Fan, Ph.D., Sichuan Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Panxi Characteristic Crops, Xichang College;(forage grass) can absorb nitrogen from the air and transform it into soil, which can increase the nitrogen content in soil; On the other hand, when we plough it into the ground in the spring of next year, it can increase the organic matter content in the soil, so it is especially good for improving the soil. Secondly, we can harvest these two kinds of forage as silage for cattle and sheep, and its crude protein content is particularly high, so it is especially good for cattle and sheep.

　　The planting area of rice in Zhongba village is about 2000 mu, which was mainly based on traditional varieties and relatively extensive management. According to the practice of previous years, after the rice is harvested and enters the winter leisure season, the villagers will no longer carry out any management and protection. Only a few villagers will apply some farmyard manure before the spring of next year, and most villagers do not know that there are better scientific methods to improve soil and fertility.

　　Hai Laila, secretary of the branch of Zhongba Village, Xide County:We didn’t know before that the output was low and we couldn’t sell the price. Our first secretary found many experts and took us to the road of science and technology. We all saw great changes. (Now) people come to us voluntarily, and we are confident that we can get rich.

　　In order to promote industrial upgrading, increase production and income through scientific planting. In May this year, the first secretary of Zhongba Village invited experts to carry out two experiments of rice variety screening and soil improvement in the village at the same time. In the key laboratory of Panxi characteristic crops research and utilization in Xichang College, the experts helped Zhongba Village to determine three dominant varieties through yield measurement and evaluation, and also verified the significant influence of soil fertility on rice yield increase. These tests and conclusions laid a foundation for soil improvement and scientific planting in Zhongba village.

　　Liu Chao, First Secretary of the Central Radio and Television General Station in Zhongba Village, Xide County;When we start planting again next spring, we will select some high-quality rice (varieties) and build demonstration fields. After the demonstration fields are planted, people will feel that they can see tangible results when they look at them, and then we will conduct new and more variety tests. In the end, while expanding the seeds on a large scale, we will choose better varieties that are more in line with local conditions. In the end, we will achieve the way of helping the poor and helping the wisdom, so that the people can increase production and income.

　[Language Forum]

　　editorial comment/note

　　Language is an important symbol that distinguishes human beings from animals. Although language is ubiquitous in daily life, we are used to it, but I am afraid ordinary people know very little about when language was born, how it should be acquired and how it will develop. From the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, this issue of Language and Characters takes you to re-understand language and understand its mystery.

　　The history of the universe is 13.8 billion years, the history of the earth is 4.6 billion years and the history of life is 4 billion years. In the long process of life evolution, there are five levels of mind and cognition from low to high: neural level, psychological level, language level, thinking level and cultural level.

　　Based on this, we can re-understand language. Among the five levels of mental and cognitive abilities, the invention of language is very important to human beings. The invention of abstract ideographic language made people eventually evolve into human beings; Language distinguishes the minds of humans and animals, thus distinguishing the cognition of humans and animals; Language forms the basis of human cognition, and forms human thinking on the basis of abstract conceptual language. Language and thinking jointly build human knowledge system and even the whole human society, and the accumulation of knowledge forms culture.

　　From nerve, psychology to language, it is mainly the result of natural evolution; From language, thinking to culture, it is entirely human construction and human spiritual creation.

　　Evolution from nerve, psychology to language.

　　Evolution of mind

　　The evolution of 3.5 billion years of life can be regarded as the evolution of mind. From the perspective of contemporary genetic science, the evolution of mind from low level to high level determines the evolution of life from low level to high level. In other words, the evolution of the mind is fundamental.

　　The oral language of human beings came into being 6 million to 4 million years ago, and it took about 2 million years for human beings to complete the evolution of abstract ideographic language. Three great events in human evolution — — Walking upright, using fire and inventing language are mainly the result of natural evolution, but also the creation and invention of human beings.

　　Genetic archaeology proves that the common ancestor of human beings is Australopithecus africanus. So, what made Australopithecus, a relatively weak ape, finally win? The answer is language. Australopithecus invented an abstract ideographic language, which can express abstract concepts. Anthropologists and linguists have proved that the more abstract a language is, the more it can coordinate a wider range of group behaviors. Therefore, the relatively weak Australopithecus, through a wider range of group behavior, wiped out other physically stronger apes and carnivores, went out of Africa and spread their genes to the world.

　　Dual evolution of brain and language

　　In the 20th century, the research on human cognition was carried out in an all-round way from the aspects of nerves, psychology, language, thinking and culture. Among them, the study of brain and neuroscience has provided important help to uncover the mystery of human language.

　　Sperry, an American psychobiologist, conducted experiments on schizencephaly for many years after 1960s, and finally figured out the specialization and division of labor between the left and right brains: the left brain is responsible for memory, time, language, judgment, arrangement, classification, logic, analysis, writing, reasoning, inhibition, five senses and so on, and the way of thinking has the characteristics of continuity, continuity and analysis. Therefore, the left brain is called conscious brain, academic brain, language brain and logical brain. The right brain is mainly responsible for spatial image memory, intuition, emotion, body coordination, visual perception, art, music rhythm, imagination, inspiration, epiphany, etc., and its thinking mode has the characteristics of disorder, jumping and intuition. So the right brain is also called instinctive brain, subconscious brain, creative brain, musical brain and artistic brain.

　　Why is the left and right brain so divided? A team study by American scholars McNilage, Rogers and Vallotti Gallas found that the division of labor between left and right brains originated 500 million years ago, much earlier than human history, and the brains of early vertebrates were already asymmetrical. The study also found that the complex division of labor between the left and right brain of human beings originated from two primary functions that vertebrate paleontology needed for survival — — Predation (attack) and prevention of predation (defense), with the evolution of vertebrates to a higher level, the left and right brains develop more complex functions, and according to the principle that the same functions evolve on the same side, various functions of the human left and right brains are developed with complex and fine division of labor.

　　Why does language function evolve in the left brain? It is found that the action of pronunciation is similar to chewing, and chewing is related to predation. Therefore, speech and language functions have evolved in the left brain. Since the 20th century, more relevant research evidence shows that the function of language is not entirely in the left brain, but also in the right brain. Specifically, syntactic processing is entirely in the left brain, because syntax is logic. Pragmatic processing is more in the right brain, because pragmatic processing is related to context, while the defense function of the right brain is related to the environment. Surprisingly, the ability of semantic processing exists in both the left and right brain, and logic and brain function are highly consistent here.

　　Animal cognition and human cognition

　　With the evolution of the mind, language is also the product of evolution. What level of mind an animal has, it will evolve a corresponding level of language. In the book Symbolic Species: Dual Evolution of Language and Brain, American anthropologist Dickon combined human evolutionary biology with neuroscience, semiotics with anthropology, regarded human as a symbolic animal, regarded language as a process of coevolution with brain, and highlighted the role of evolution in the development of language and mind.

　　Language comes from the needs of information processing and group communication. Therefore, not only human beings have languages, but also animals have languages. Human language is an ideographic symbolic language, which can express abstract concepts, which is fundamentally different from other animal languages.

　　Language also has an evolutionary history from low level to high level, and the evolution and development of language has gone through three stages in turn: body language, voice language and ideographic symbol language.

　　In the history of human evolution, the invention of symbolic language to express abstract concepts is a major event. In ancient China, it is said that Cang Xie, the historian of the Yellow Emperor, wrote a book, but "it rains and millet, and ghosts cry at night". Why is it so earth-shattering Because the invention of language finally completed human evolution, from then on, human evolution is no longer or mainly not the evolution of gene level, but the evolution of language, knowledge and culture level.

　　Construction from Language, Thinking to Culture

　　After the emergence of abstract ideographic language, human thinking with concept, judgment and reasoning as the main forms has emerged. On the basis of language and thinking, mankind has constructed a grand knowledge system and formed a discipline system including Neo-Confucianism, engineering technology, arts and humanities, and social sciences. In the end, knowledge accumulates into culture, forming a human mind and cognitive system at three levels: language, thinking and culture.

　　From language to thinking and culture, it embodies the construction and creation of human beings, in which language plays a decisive role.

　　Chomsky:

　　The linguistic revolution is no accident.

　　In 1957, the publication of Chomsky’s masterpiece Syntactic Structure marked the beginning of Chomsky’s linguistic revolution and the start of cognitive science.

　　The content and significance of Chomsky’s linguistic revolution lie in: establishing linguistic analysis methods of rationalism linguistics and psychology; Discovering human innate language ability (ILF); Discover internal language and establish universal grammar; Establish formal language and formal grammar, and establish the language analysis foundation of artificial intelligence — — Syntactic analysis. Finally, Chomsky’s rationalism linguistics and psychological linguistics forced him to find the connection between language and mind, which eventually led to the establishment of cognitive science in 1975, so Chomsky was called "the father of cognitive science".

　　It is no accident that cognitive science originated from the linguistic revolution. According to the five-level theory of human cognition, human language distinguishes human mind from animal mind, and human language forms the basis of human mind and cognition. Therefore, it is inevitable that the revolution of cognitive science takes place in the field of linguistics.

　　Wolff:

　　The dust of linguistic determinism settled.

　　Does language decide thinking, or does thinking decide language? Before the middle of the 20th century, this was a major theoretical issue. The first person who answered this question clearly was the philosopher Wittgenstein, who clearly stated in On Logical Philosophy that "my language limit is my world limit." This is the earliest "linguistic determinism".

　　In 1956, American linguist Wolff once again put forward the theory that language determines thinking, which is the famous Wolff hypothesis, that is, the view that language forms thinking. It consists of two parts: (1) Linguistic determinism refers to the view that language determines non-linguistic processes, that is, learning a language will change a person’s way of thinking. (2) Linguistic relativity means that the cognitive process determined varies from language to language, so people who speak different languages think in different ways. After this theory was put forward, there has been a major debate. Both sides have sufficient evidence to prove their views: language determines thinking or thinking determines language.

　　After the establishment of cognitive science, the debate about Wolff hypothesis finally settled: language determines thinking, and thinking affects language.

　　We can give a deductive proof of the proposition that "language determines thinking" — — According to the five-level theory of human cognition, low-level mind and cognition determine high-level mind and cognition, and high-level mind and cognition affect low-level mind and cognition; Language is the third level of mind and cognition, and thinking is the fourth level of mind and cognition; Therefore, language (cognition) determines thinking (cognition), and thinking (cognition) affects language (cognition).

　　Searle:

　　Language constructs human society.

　　Another great discovery of language research in the 20th century is that people use language (and words) to do things. People not only use language to do everything, but also use language to construct human society. These two important theoretical contributions were founded by Oxford analytical philosopher Austin and American philosopher Searle.

　　In the early 1950s, Austin successively hosted a series of lectures at Oxford University and Harvard University, and compiled the contents of the lectures into a book "How to Act by Words and Actions", and the speech act theory was born. This theory can be summarized in one sentence: Doing things by speaking is Austin’s contribution to "shaming people who have studied language in any way for 2500 years".

　　Searle inherited the speech act theory being created from his teacher Austin, and developed and perfected it. Searle established the theory of indirect speech act, and developed the philosophy of mind, social philosophy and social constructivism through the theory of intentionality — — People use language to construct society, social system facts and social reality. This is by far the most profound understanding of the human mind and the nature of language. In 2004, Searle’s comments when he won the National Presidential Medal for Humanities wrote: "Thanks to his efforts, we have a deeper understanding of the human mind. His works have formed a blueprint for modern thinking, defensive reasoning and objectiveness, and stipulated the debate about the nature of artificial intelligence. "

　　Culture and civilization

　　Looking at culture and civilization from the five levels of cognitive science, we will get different conclusions.

　　First, culture is a form of human cognition and the highest form of human cognition. The five-level theory of human cognition reveals the relationship between language, thinking and culture, which are three unique mental and cognitive abilities of human beings, and makes us more clearly understand the essence of culture.

　　Second, language and thinking form culture, and any culture can not be separated from its own language and is determined by its own language. Different languages determine different thinking above them, and the knowledge formed by language and thinking and the accumulated culture are also different. Therefore, the diversity of language forms the diversity of culture.

　　Third, Chinese culture is the product of Chinese language and Chinese national thinking accumulated for thousands of years. The essence of Chinese culture is farming culture, and its core is the thoughts of Confucianism and Taoism. Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism and culture have become the core of Chinese culture.

　　Fourth, the foundation of Chinese studies is primary school. In addition to Classic, History, Zi and Collection, Chinese studies are based on language and linguistics, including linguistics, philology, phonology, exegetics and edition bibliography, which are collectively referred to as primary schools. Mr. Zhang Taiyan said: "Those who build primary schools are the foundation of national heritage and the end of Wang Jiao’s teaching. They promote the school first, and the next one is suitable for the people, so it is not just to draw strokes and seal characters. If you lose your original, you will be very clever. "

　　Fifth, both culture and civilization are produced on the basis of language and are determined by language. Culture is "humanization" and everything created by people. Therefore, the history of culture is as long as the history of mankind. Civilization is a recent thing, which is related to the development of the city-state. Culture emphasizes the spiritual aspect of human creation, while civilization emphasizes and expresses the material aspect of human creation.

　　 (Author: Cai Shushan, Dean of guizhou minzu university Institute of Ethnic Culture and Cognitive Science, Professor of Tsinghua University Research Center for Psychology and Cognitive Science)

CCTV News:According to WeChat official account, the Ministry of Transport, on January 4th, the Spring Festival travel rush Work Class of the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a video conference on Spring Festival travel rush in 2023 in the Ministry of Transport, to dispatch and deploy the work preparations of Spring Festival travel rush in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and to guide all localities to make overall plans for the prevention and control of Spring Festival travel rush epidemic situation and transportation service guarantee in 2023, so as to ensure people’s safe, healthy, convenient and smooth travel and ensure smooth transportation and logistics.

Li Xiaopeng, Minister of Transportation, pointed out that to do a good job in Spring Festival travel rush in 2023, transportation organization is the core, smooth transportation and logistics is the foundation, epidemic prevention and control is the key, safe production is the bottom line, people’s satisfaction is the foundation, and organization and leadership are the guarantee. First, we must make great efforts in transportation organization, guide the public to travel rationally at wrong peaks, ensure orderly self-driving travel, ensure people’s travel in rural areas, do a good job in resolving large passenger flows, and make every effort to ensure people’s orderly travel at wrong peaks. Second, we must work hard on smooth and efficient, do our best to ensure the terminal service of postal express delivery, and fully ensure the stable and orderly transportation of key materials such as medicine, electricity and coal. Third, we must work hard on scientific accuracy, strictly implement optimized prevention and control measures, effectively protect employees, and make every effort to prevent and deal with the infection of transportation employees. Fourth, we should work hard on prevention and response, strengthen ideological preparation, facilities and equipment preparation, personnel preparation, strengthen the prevention and disposal of production safety accidents, and make every effort to ensure the stability of production safety situation in Spring Festival travel rush. Fifth, we should make great efforts in dedicated service, improve the whole-process travel experience of passengers, focus on strengthening the services of key groups, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of passengers, and fully guarantee the comfort and satisfaction of the people. Sixthly, we should make great efforts to concentrate our efforts, establish and improve the working mechanism, implement the territorial responsibility, strengthen the publicity and guidance of public opinion, and go all out to strengthen the work organization and leadership of Spring Festival travel rush.

　　Police: Adults suck milk directly or engage in pornography.

　　Lawyer: Breast milk is not a commodity and cannot be bought or sold.

　　Netizen: Adults hire wet nurses to trample on dignity.

　　Drinking: The nutritional function is not as big as expected.

　　Recently, the reporter found that mother’s milk has become a fashionable nutrition in Shenzhen’s high-end circle, while direct drinking human milk has quietly become popular in Shenzhen’s rich circle. Lin Jun, the person in charge of the "Xin Xin Yu" housekeeping service point, said that the wet nurse business has already expanded to the adult consumer group, and the demand far exceeds expectations. "If necessary, you can also drink milk from the nipple." According to relevant sources of Shenzhen Public Security Bureau, even if the adult hiring a wet nurse is suspected of pornography, it is relatively difficult to investigate. At the same time, Shenzhen wet nurse can lead a heated discussion on breastfeeding for adults, and some drinkers say that the nutritional function is not as big as expected.

　　The wet nurse earns a lot of money

　　He Mei is a 25-year-old young mother. Two months ago, her baby son was born, and her husband worked in a factory in Bao ‘an, earning 2,000 yuan a month. Considering the huge educational cost that she might face in the future, He Mei made a cruel decision. Originally, she left her son to her mother-in-law to raise her, but she started a full-time wet nurse with a monthly salary of 8,500 yuan, and her "salary" was five times that of her honest and dull husband.

　　He Mei was introduced to the employer by a housekeeping service point named "Xin Xin Yu" located on the 6th floor of Xiangxiefeng Jingyuan on Longzhu Avenue. As soon as he entered the door, Lin Jun, the person in charge, immediately handed in his business card, claiming to be the only professional nanny agency in Shenzhen and even the whole country. In addition to the basic services such as nanny’s new moon, the wet nurse intermediary is impressively listed in its business card. For every successful introduction of a wet nurse, he can make a profit of 8,000 yuan, of which the employer pays 6,000 yuan and the wet nurse bears 2,000 yuan. For him, everything is profitable.

　　Lin Jun, from Henan, has been engaged in the domestic service industry for more than ten years, and has also been engaged in the wet nurse intermediary industry for six or seven years. Lin Jun said that the demand of adult consumer groups of wet nurses far exceeded his expectations and even became the mainstream business. On the one hand, the smart people in the city, and on the other hand, the simple rural women, driven by interests, are going further and further in the gray area.

　　The whole process of selecting wet nurses is exposed.

　　Lin Jun showed some photos and personal data of wet nurses to reporters. These wet nurses come from Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi and Heilongjiang, and they have two characteristics, one is that their families are poor, and the other is that their children are under the age of 18. People who are willing to give up their children to be wet nurses for other people’s children are all for economic reasons, Lin Jun said. These wet nurses will go through Lin Jun’s pre-screening, including family status, childbearing age, family medical history, physical health and so on. Every interested wet nurse will come to Shenzhen for an interview.

　　Nanny is an embarrassing job in the domestic legal field, and there is no relevant law to stipulate that it is illegal or not. However, in Lin Jun’s home economics office, this title will be automatically evaded in the domestic service contract signed by both parties.

　　After the interview, Lin Jun will sign a waiter registration form with these wet nurses. The reporter saw in a Registration Form for Xinxin Domestic Servants signed with Wang Ping (a pseudonym) that the content is the same as that of an ordinary employment contract, except that the scope of work marked in a column called work characteristics and training situation is "cooking, cleaning, taking care of babies, Sichuan cuisine, Hunan cuisine and Guangdong cuisine." But it is worth noting that neither side mentioned the wet nurse.

　　Usually, a wet nurse’s monthly income ranges from 8,000 yuan to 12,000 yuan, with food and shelter, and basically no need to do other housework, just feeding and taking care of the baby. Lin Jun said that the working time limit of each wet nurse is basically 6 to 8 months, or even longer. Usually, the income of a wet nurse after finishing a single job ranges from 50,000 to 120,000. Because of the national policy of family planning, most people can only do it once in their lifetime, which is undoubtedly a huge income for some wet nurses with poor families.

　　Hire a wet nurse to go home to supplement nutrition.

　　Lin Jun said that people are high-end people with sub-health. Their characteristics are high income, high work pressure and poor physical fitness. They need to supplement healthy nutrition, and breast milk has become the only nutrition.

　　"Breast milk is now a fashionable nutritional product in Shenzhen’s high-end circle. Many patients who have just finished surgery and can only eat liquid food, or people who have symptoms of getting angry and chest tightness, have consulted him. Many people directly hire a wet nurse to take home and ensure that fresh human milk is provided every day." Lin Jun said.

　　Later, Lin Jun showed the reporter a list of customers booking human milk, pointing to a telephone number of Mr. X, saying that this was an adult who had booked human milk with them earlier, because his family had just had surgery, and in order to supplement nutrition, he specially hired a wet nurse to go home. "You can drink directly at the nipple," Lin Jun said. "If adults are embarrassed, they can also use a breast pump to dress up before drinking."

　　Nurses who serve adults charge more than babies. In Lin Jun’s intermediary company, an ordinary wet nurse who serves adults has a monthly salary of about 16,000 yuan, and a healthy and beautiful wet nurse has a higher price. Lin Jun said that they are the only agency in Shenzhen that can provide milk for adults.

　　It is not uncommon for rich people to hire a wet nurse.

　　In addition to these patients, direct drinking of human milk has quietly become popular in Shenzhen’s rich circle. As early as a few years ago, some media exposed that some rich people drank human milk. In the eastern coastal cities, some rich people kept wet nurses at home, not for babies, but for their own consumption.

　　Wang Bin (pseudonym) who is in Futian once hired a wet nurse in the middle of last year. Wang Bin is the sales director of a listed company, saying that the company was extremely busy at that time, because of the long-term workload, the body was tired and tired. "At that time, a Hong Kong friend introduced that it was nutritious and felt uncomfortable at first. It was unacceptable for adults to drink breast milk for a while, but my friend told me which bosses had been or were drinking it." Wang Bin said. Finally, with the consent of his wife, a friend found a wet nurse for him with a monthly salary of 15,000 yuan. The wet nurse lived at home as a nanny for a month. Every morning, the nurse will put the milk in a bottle and put it on the dining table, and drink it three to five times a day, with a dose of 500 ml to 800 ml each time. Sometimes, because there is no time, the nurse will put the milk in a bottle and put it in the refrigerator in advance, but Wang Bin never dares to try to suck it directly with his mouth.

　　As for the nutritional function of breast milk, Wang Bin thinks that it is not as big as expected, except that it tastes purer, it can only be said that it is healthier than brewed milk powder. "After drinking for a month, I didn’t see how good my body was. On the contrary, after a month’s work pressure was reduced, I could rest more and exercise more, and my body became better." Wang Bin said.

　　And Wang Bin revealed that in the circle of friends around him, drinking human milk is also popular. "It is nothing new for people who are recovering from major surgery to spend 10,000 to 20,000 yuan a month to hire a wet nurse", but he said that as far as he knows, there is very little real "mouth-to-mouth drinking", "it is easy to remind people of Liu Wencai, the landlord of the old society, and ordinary decent people can’t do it".

　　Very hot discussion

　　It is illegal

　　Mei Chunlai, a lawyer of Guangdong pengxiang Law Firm, according to the Reply of the Legal Supervision Department of the Ministry of Health that human breast milk cannot be operated as a commodity, human breast milk is not a general food resource and cannot be produced and operated as a commodity. "Wet nurse" can’t be understood as "production and management" in the traditional sense. It is illegal for social organizations or individuals to industrialize and scale milk management and profit from it. However, the legal effect of this provision is relatively low, and it only has a normative effect, so its enforcement is very weak.

　　risky

　　Zhang Maoxiang, director of the Nutrition Department of Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, can rule out the wet nurse suffering from infectious diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS through physical examination. However, the whole breastfeeding process is actually a relatively long process. If the wet nurse gets sick or abuses antibiotics during this period, it will pose a threat to human health. Due to the lack of dynamic supervision, it is recommended to invite the wet nurse carefully.

　　Not necessarily good

　　Head of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital For milk powder, breast milk does have a natural advantage. But it’s not just a wet nurse with more breast milk. The nutritional composition of breast milk is changing. The protein content in the first stage is high, while in the later stage, in order to meet the needs of the baby’s long body, the breast milk composition is mainly fat. Therefore, you must choose a nurse whose baby’s delivery date is close to the other baby’s birth date, otherwise the nutritional composition will not be absorbed by the baby at all.

　　Nutrition VS pornography

　　Zhang Maoxiang, director of the Nutrition Department of Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, said that for adults, the nutrients needed by the human body can be ingested from daily meals, but the effect of milk on adults is not obvious, so it is obviously too much to eat breast milk at a high price. There is an essential difference between mouth-to-mouth and squeezing it out and drinking it in a bottle. The former far exceeds the needs of diet, which implies that it involves pornographic services.

　　Mei Chunlai, a lawyer of pengxiang Law Firm, Guangdong Province, is suspected of pornography, but the investigation is relatively difficult. First of all, it is difficult for the parties to admit it, and even if they admit it, it is difficult to obtain a complete chain of evidence.

　　Abnormal consumption view

　　Yesterday, Xiao Lu, a netizen, contrasted with the news that the rich in Shenzhen drank human milk. It was the news that pupils in Yongsheng, Lijiang ate cold water to soak rice. Netizens said bitterly that the rich in Shenzhen were spending a lot of money to drink human milk directly, while the "flowers of the motherland" were soaking rice with "river water", which made people feel sorry! Drinking human milk by adults is a retrogressive behavior of human morality and an insult to human mothers!

　　Netizen "Shuxiang Weiwei" from eating placenta before to drinking human milk now, the poor have become the goods of the rich. If it is understandable that human milk is the only thing on the market today that is not fake, is it because the appearance determines the grade of milk that the good-looking wet nurse is expensive? This abnormal consumption view is actually a disease, and if it is not treated in time, the consequences will be very serious. (According to Xinhua News Agency, Yangguang, CCTV, etc.)

(Source: Beijing Evening News)

　　Chinanews. com client January 25th (Reporter Wu Tao) "I got 1.58 yuan." "I got 1.88 yuan." On New Year’s Eve, in addition to watching the Spring Festival Gala, many netizens showed their achievements in grabbing red envelopes, but they were all dumbfounded: a meal was as fierce as a tiger and was sent to their hands for a dollar and a half.

　　The amount of netizens drying red envelopes. screenshot

　　Some netizens said that the joy of Five Blessingg’s collection could not hide the loss of a few yuan after the lottery. Some netizens said that they are busy every year for this piece of money. According to the winning amount of netizens’ exposure, most netizens in Five Blessingg activities were given 1.58 yuan.

　　This time, more than 318 million users gathered in Five Blessingg, with a total share of 500 million yuan. A "science man" made a calculation formula: 500 million divided by 318 million equals 1.57 yuan.

　　Netizens spit out red envelopes. screenshot

　　In fact, such a result can be predicted long ago. For example, the headline system will be divided into 500 million cards, and by the end of the activity, about 270 million users will have collected all the gold cards or diamond cards, so that the average user can be divided into less than 2 yuan.

　　Some netizens spit out Aauto Quicker’s red envelope. "I followed Aauto Quicker to grab the red envelope for the Spring Festival Evening. Every time I didn’t surpass 1 yuan, it was basically 0.66 yuan." "Aauto Quicker claims to send 2 billion yuan, but even 1 yuan can’t get it. Is this something that 2 billion yuan can do?"

　　Aauto Quicker’s New Year’s greetings are less than 1 yuan’s. screenshot

　　There are also sad netizens who not only didn’t earn a point, but also lost money, because before, in order to collect cards, many netizens set up WeChat groups, which were specially used to exchange and buy and sell blessings. It is understood that a "dedication" is worth at least two and a half dollars.

　　(Alipay: I pushed Five Blessingg to push social attributes, but you bought and sold Fuzi on WeChat, and you were devastated. )

　　This result is not surprising. Some analysts pointed out that there are many ways to grab red envelopes, many of which are to pull new ones first and then divide the money. After that, there is not much money.

　　Micro-vision experience gold requires 24 red envelopes, which can bring up to 23 new users to the enterprise. screenshot

　　The reporter experienced the micro-vision to grab the red envelope, and got an experience fee of 11.47 yuan after registration. You can use the experience blonde red envelope, but it is stipulated that 24 red envelopes should be issued. That is to say, this red envelope is divided into 24 people, and on average, each person is less than 5 cents. And expire within 24 hours.

　　There are still requirements for grabbing this red envelope. Even if it is sent to the WeChat group, if the micro-vision APP is not installed, you need to download and register first, which is equivalent to a red envelope of 11.47 yuan that can bring up to 23 new users.

　　Mo Daiqing, director and senior analyst of the online retail department of the E-commerce Research Center of NetEconomy & Society, analyzed that the online red envelope acts as a "stepping stone" or even a "social bond" between people, which can improve the retention and activation of consumption for old customers and continuously improve the ability to pull new ones.

　　It is difficult for Tik Tok to obtain "Tik Tok Drilling Card", but it is necessary for new users. screenshot

　　There is also a Tik Tok diamond card, and the rest of the cards are two or three. Only the "Tik Tok diamond card" is difficult to integrate. The APP gave a solution. "Inviting three people to receive red envelopes, you must get a Tik Tok diamond card." In fact, it is necessary to recruit new users to give you a Tik Tok card.

　　In addition, the money in many red envelopes must be withdrawn within a limited time, and it will be invalid when it expires. However, many netizens are too troublesome to withdraw money, so they often claim to issue 2 billion red envelopes. I am afraid that only the enterprises themselves know the actual amount.

　　In addition, many APP red envelopes need to fill in various information such as name, bank card, mobile phone number, and some also need ID number. These information are commonly known as "black-made four-piece sets", which invisibly provides their most private information to enterprises. Once leaked, the consequences are unimaginable. (End)

While stabilize overseas order, foreign trade enterprises actively explore that domestic market-
Export to domestic sales "turns" out new opportunities.

Since the beginning of this year, in response to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, with the support of a series of policies and measures to help foreign trade enterprises expand the domestic market, some foreign trade enterprises began to focus on exporting to domestic sales and tried to "walk on two legs". Judging from the data recently released by various places, the effect of exporting to domestic sales is emerging. However, there are still some enterprises that "dare to turn around" and "can’t turn around", and the reasons behind it come from many aspects. In addition to relying on government assistance, enterprises should also practice their "internal strength" and actively adapt to the new environment.

Since the beginning of this year, in response to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, with the support of a series of policies and measures from the central government to local governments to help foreign trade enterprises expand the domestic market, some foreign trade enterprises have begun to focus on exporting to domestic sales while actively expanding the international market and stabilizing overseas orders, trying to "walk on two legs".

Judging from the data released recently in various places, the effect of exporting to domestic sales is emerging, which not only helps foreign trade enterprises to open up a new situation, but also enriches the domestic market supply and effectively promotes the domestic and international double cycle.

There is a large domestic market space.

The latest data from all over the world show that the potential of exporting to domestic sales is being released. In the third quarter of this year, the sales value of processing trade in Guangzhou customs clearance area increased by 30.74% compared with the first quarter. In the first seven months, the total domestic sales of processing trade goods in Guangxi reached 1.42 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.2%. As of the beginning of September, the value of domestic sales of Xiamen Customs processing trade reached 14.385 billion yuan, accounting for 10.43% of the value of imported taxable goods in the same period, accounting for an increase of 0.4 percentage point compared with the same period of last year.

Some foreign trade enterprises are able to embrace new opportunities because they turn to domestic sales in time. "If there is no domestic market, it will be difficult for us to survive this year." Li Jingfeng, general manager of Guangdong Dongguan Langtian Clothing Co., Ltd. said that as a clothing enterprise that has been deeply involved in the foreign trade market for many years, the sudden epidemic this year has caused Langtian Clothing to experience an unprecedented crisis, and the volume of foreign trade orders has dropped by nearly 90%.

Foreign markets are depressed, and enterprises turn their attention to the domestic market. Li Jingfeng found that during the epidemic, domestic consumers formed the habit of staying at home and watching the live broadcast of "Buy in buy buy", which created opportunities for foreign trade enterprises to turn to the domestic market. Langtian clothing seized the opportunity, adjusted its business strategy, and moved to domestic sales with live broadcast.

To Li Jingfeng’s surprise, the clothes originally designed for foreign consumers are also selling well in the domestic market, and the profits are considerable. "Because of the reduction of intermediate channels, the profits have gone up. The profits from selling 500,000 pieces of clothes in the past are as much as those from selling 100,000 pieces now."

Similar to Langtian Clothing, in the face of the dilemma of declining demand and reduced orders in the international market, some foreign trade enterprises have begun to look for new ways out, and exporting to domestic market is one of the good strategies, which can not only help foreign trade enterprises tide over the immediate difficulties, but also enrich the domestic market supply.

In order to help foreign trade enterprises smooth sales channels, local support policies are also constantly increasing. For example, Zhejiang has implemented the action of "Zhejiang goods are the best in the world", "going north", "going south", "going east" and "expanding west", and actively promoting foreign trade enterprises to enter communities, shopping malls and platforms. Guangdong has introduced some measures to support export to domestic sales, including building an online platform for export products to domestic sales, and encouraging Guangdong foreign trade enterprises to expand sales channels. Fujian and Ningxia jointly held the "2020 Fujian-Ningxia Export Commodities Tour Exhibition" to promote the export enterprises of the two places to expand the domestic market. Only Yinchuan, Ningxia, had 184 enterprises participating in the exhibition, with on-site sales of more than 3 million yuan and intentional turnover of nearly 10 million yuan.

Experts said that China has a large market with a population of 1.4 billion, with strong consumer demand and accelerating consumption upgrading. Foreign trade enterprises turn to domestic sales, which can not only help enterprises to relieve pressure and tide over difficulties, but also help enterprises to optimize their business structure and open up new growth space, and there is still sufficient market space and potential to be tapped in the future.

There are many opportunities in online channels.

"The 6-piece tool set we mainly promoted was sought after as soon as it went on the market, and the sales exceeded 200,000 yuan." Zhong Jialiang, deputy general manager of Guangdong Jin Hui Knife and Scissors Co., Ltd., has a lot of experience in turning enterprises into domestic sales. At the beginning of this year, he opened the store online and achieved immediate results with the help of platform big data precision marketing.

Zhong Jialiang said that his company has been doing foreign trade business for many years, has been OEM for internationally renowned brands, has stable orders and sales channels, and its annual sales volume has increased by 10% to 15%. However, during the epidemic, the company’s orders fell off a cliff, and domestic sales became the choice for survival. It is not easy to open up the domestic market. Foreign trade enterprises neither understand the market demand nor lack marketing experience, and many enterprises have made difficulties.

In April this year, Alibaba 1688, a domestic wholesale platform, launched a digital "foreign trade zone" to help small and medium-sized foreign trade enterprises rapidly expand the domestic wholesale market. Enterprises like Jin Hui Knife and Scissors, which have no experience in e-commerce sales at all, can choose "full-care" service from category selection, product pricing to store operation. With the help of the platform, Jin Hui Knives and Scissors quickly opened an online store and achieved a substantial increase in sales, which also strengthened the determination of Jin Hui Knives and Scissors to sell domestically. "We have launched the’ Kitchen Cube’ domestic trade brand, and the annual sales are expected to reach several million yuan." Zhong Jialiang said.

Luo Xuan, general manager of Alibaba 1688 operation, said that China’s super-large-scale market advantage provides a broad space for foreign trade enterprises to export to domestic sales. The e-commerce platform has the advantages of big data, supply chain and marketing, which can strengthen the two-way contact between enterprises and consumers, help foreign trade enterprises quickly understand the market demand, and let high-quality export goods quickly open the domestic market.

Major e-commerce platforms have also tried their best to promote the docking of supply and demand and set up special zones for export products. For example, Suning bought the "Helping Export Enterprises Transform" zone online, and Taobao Special Edition launched the foreign trade channel, opening up exclusive sales channels for 300,000 foreign trade factories on the platform. More and more high-quality export products are enriching the domestic market supply and further stimulating the vitality and effective demand of the domestic market.

Transformation must cross many hurdles.

The reporter’s investigation found that the foreign trade enterprises that have successfully turned to domestic sales at present mainly present two characteristics. Judging from the types of enterprises, most of them are leading enterprises, which often start to "walk on two legs" in the international and domestic markets earlier, and can make up for the current loss of export decline through more mature domestic sales channels. From the industry point of view, textile and garment, light industry and agricultural products enterprises are more feasible to switch to domestic sales. These three types of enterprises are close to the terminal market and the cost of entering domestic sales channels is lower.

At the same time, there are still some enterprises that "dare to turn around" and "can’t turn around", and the reasons behind it come from many aspects.

The market is not ripe enough. Many business people told reporters that because the domestic market environment is different from that of foreign countries, many international best-selling goods are not acclimatized after being sold domestically, and it is difficult to obtain orders because of the lack of sales market. For example, Hubei Xiangyang Hengde Auto Parts Co., Ltd. mainly exports modified car wheels, but because the domestic modified car market is small, it is difficult for enterprises to adjust their market strategy in the short term.

The brand is not loud enough. Turning to domestic sales can open the domestic market with the help of e-commerce platform in the short term, and it needs to take the road of brand development in the long term to gain a firm foothold. After years of hard work, some export enterprises have established their brand image overseas, but domestic users are not familiar with their products, and the domestic market is not well known, so it takes time to cultivate customers.

Lack of experience. Some enterprises said that there are differences between domestic and foreign trade business operation modes, and most foreign trade products are in large quantities and few batches, with simple business mode and relatively short process. The domestic market is generally small batch and multi-batch, and there are many links in R&D, advertising and marketing, channel expansion, etc., and foreign trade enterprises are often inexperienced in exporting to domestic sales. A person in charge of a machinery manufacturing company in Hubei Province told the reporter that the company is a small and medium-sized micro-foreign trade enterprise. Compared with large enterprises, it has insufficient ability to open up the domestic market and faces greater risks. Therefore, it lacks confidence and has stopped moving to domestic sales.

In view of various obstacles to the "transformation", the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions on Supporting Export Products to Domestic Sales" in June, and the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Finance and other relevant departments have also taken many measures to help enterprises solve difficulties and reduce their concerns from various aspects such as fiscal, taxation and financial support.

Experts said that the international market situation is ever-changing, and the environment for export and domestic sales is very different, so foreign trade enterprises should make rational choices according to the actual situation. For enterprises that want to "walk on two legs" in the international and domestic markets, besides relying on government assistance, they should also practice their "internal strength", strengthen domestic market research, actively adapt to the new environment, create a reputation and build a brand, and truly realize endogenous "hematopoiesis". (Reporter Li Hualin)

Toothache is not a disease, it hurts like hell.

Sometimes I just want to look at the dental clinic near my home.

Too lazy to queue up at the hospital.

recently

Two citizens in our city also went to the dentist.

But the result made them very angry.

On the afternoon of October 27th, the reporter met two citizens, who told the reporter about the process of dental treatment in Wanmin’s mouth.

"On the afternoon of October 15th, I took my child to fill a tooth hole. In the process of blocking the tooth, he said that the child’s teeth were uneven, with cracks and different sizes. The child should wear braces at this age. He didn’t explain too much, so he said, don’t worry, you don’t have to think about the price of your brother, and you can’t be expensive. I think it’s ok to correct braces, and I will wear my child’s teeth in the process. "

Ms Fang said that at that time, she paid 1000 yuan, a dentist surnamed Li, the treatment fee. But when I got home, I found a problem.

Ms. Fang: "My distant relative is a dentist. When I called, I asked, do I need to grind my teeth to correct my child and wear braces?" What she said is wrong. Is it correction for you? Children under the age of 18 can’t grind their teeth and implant their teeth. He is in violation of regulations. "

Subsequently, Ms. Fang found this doctor Li, but the other party did not recognize it. Later, Ms. Fang realized that this clinic was a "black" clinic.

Ms. Fang: "He said that this is also a kind of correction. At that time, he misled us in the process of practicing medicine. We thought it was a corrected braces. As a result, he gave Al all-ceramic teeth, that is, he put teeth on his children. A 13-year-old child can’t have teeth, which is harmful to gums and teeth nerves. After the incident, we went to check for the Health and Health Bureau and found that he had no medical institution license and no doctor qualification certificate. He is now practicing medicine illegally. "

The same problem as Ms. Fang is also Ms. Leng, and her dental treatment process also has great problems.

"On October 14th, I had my teeth treated at the Wanmin Oral Clinic of Hongwei No.5 Team. I said that I had a toothache. He looked at it and knocked on it, asking if it hurt or not. After I finished, these teeth next to the vertical teeth all hurt. As a result, the vertical teeth killed a nerve for me, and then I hung a set for my front four teeth. "

After returning home, Ms. Leng’s teeth still hurt, so she found this doctor Li again.

Ms. Leng: "The pain is not good. I came to see him. He said to treat me, and then I grinded my teeth again. I didn’t grind my teeth. I said I shouldn’t grind my teeth to kill my nerves. After he finished, I’ll make you another set. After two days of treatment, it still hurts. I went to see him again. He asked me to go to the hospital for a film. I can do whatever I want. I will give you treatment at any cost. He can’t cure it.

Ms. Leng told reporters that at that time, she spent 600 yuan money on treating her teeth. Later, after her teeth were cured, Dr. Li paid 3,800 yuan. Now, her standing teeth have been pulled out, but the other four good teeth still need follow-up treatment, but the other party doesn’t answer the phone or pay any fees.

Ms. Leng: "I had my teeth pulled out, killed my nerves, drilled my teeth, and ground my teeth. Now the temporary crowns worn by those four teeth can’t stand it. I have to spend money to make them, or I can’t stand eating and seeing the wind."

Because the Wanmin Dental Clinic has been closed, the reporter contacted Dr. Li by phone, and no one answered the phone.

The reporter contacted the ranghulu district Municipal Health Bureau by telephone, and the staff said that after receiving the report from the public, the dental clinic had been banned, and the relevant penalties were being handled according to the procedures.

Original title: "Beware of" dental black clinic ",citizens in our city have been victimized! 》

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Original pineapple factor of Dr. pineapple after 80′ s

Text | pineapple

Every year, nearly 5 million people in China are diagnosed with cancer.

When hearing the word cancer from doctors, almost everyone’s first reaction is shock, and their brains are blank. Although there are countless questions in their hearts, they don’t know where to ask. This is normal, don’t worry. The key is to get through this initial "blank period" as soon as possible, and then communicate effectively with doctors, which is very important to achieve the best treatment effect.

Every day, people ask pineapple what information is most important to talk to doctors. Today, I will give you some suggestions. For newly diagnosed patients, it is a good start to think and ask the following 10 questions.

1. Is there a cure for my cancer?

This is almost everyone’s first question, but it is also the most difficult question to answer and there is no simple answer.

Different people’s cancer is completely different, so we must listen carefully to the doctor’s explanation to understand whether the purpose of treatment is to cure or prolong life. At the same time, it is suggested to know the survival rate data, recurrence probability, treatment methods, etc. of your specific cancer type, and make a comprehensive decision to make the best follow-up decision for yourself.

2. Where is the tumor? Is there a transfer?

Oncologists have many therapeutic tools, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted drugs, immunotherapy, clinical trials and so on. The location and metastasis of the tumor will determine the specific method chosen by the doctor.

For example, some parts can’t be operated, and some parts can’t be irradiated. If cancer cells metastasize, surgery alone is not enough, but systematic therapy is needed, including chemotherapy, targeted drugs and immune drugs.

3. What is the stage of cancer?

The purpose of cancer staging is to understand the malignant degree of tumor cells. It is determined according to the state and distribution of tumor cells in the body, usually from stage 0 to stage 4.

At the earliest stage of stage 0, all the bad cells are localized, and almost 100% can be cured by surgery or radiotherapy. However, the cancer cells of stage 4 patients have metastasized to other tissues of the body, so systematic comprehensive treatment is needed.

4. What therapies are doctors going to use?

Now the treatment of cancer has become more and more personalized. Most of the time, doctors will use a variety of therapies for mixed treatment to achieve the best results.

Remember to ask the doctor what kind of therapy he plans to use, what is the reason for using each therapy, how long it takes for each therapy, how often, what possible side effects are there, and whether there are any ways to alleviate side effects, and so on.

5. Can you work during the treatment?

Most therapies have some side effects on the body, and everyone’s reaction may vary greatly. Many patients can continue to work, participate in some recreational activities and even keep exercising during the treatment.

Cancer treatment usually makes people tired, so patients need to reduce their work intensity or activity frequency, but people should not give up their hobbies and life completely just because they want treatment.

6. Should we change our diet and exercise habits?

If you want to beat cancer, you must have a healthy diet, and if possible, it is best to supplement it with regular exercise.

You can ask your doctor if there is any special recommended food or diet. Some foods can help drugs take effect, while others can help reduce the side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Doctors often recommend people to avoid some foods, such as those that are high in oil and fat and difficult to digest.

Exercise is also very important: there is evidence that regular exercise can improve the quality of life of patients, including strengthening the immune system and reducing pain. But please do what you can to avoid injury.

7. Do you need vitamins or nutrients?

Patients need enough nutrition and energy to fight cancer, but doctors usually recommend a rich natural food combination instead of a single health care product to supplement nutrition. Some high-dose health care products may even accelerate the growth of cancer cells or reduce the effect of other anticancer drugs, so they must be used with caution.

Be sure to consult the attending doctor before using any supplements, including Chinese herbal medicine/pure natural supplements.

8. Besides modern medical methods, is it worth trying other therapies?

In addition to surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, many patients will consider so-called "alternative therapies", including acupuncture, massage, yoga and meditation.

On the one hand, all "alternative therapies" have not been proved effective by rigorous scientific clinical trials, so we can’t expect to cure cancer by them alone.

On the other hand, they do often bring some benefits, such as reducing pain, relieving anxiety and improving mood. Although the placebo effect cannot be ruled out, it can still be considered as an aid to modern medicine to improve the quality of life.

9. Should I consider participating in clinical trials?

Recently, new anti-cancer therapies have emerged one after another, and there are thousands of cancer clinical trials under way. But not everyone needs it, and not everyone is suitable. In many cases, using the current standard therapy is a safer and more effective choice.

If conditions permit, it is very valuable to know the advantages and disadvantages of relevant clinical trials as much as possible. Even before the tumor shows signs of drug resistance or recurrence, knowing the new therapies that may be involved in the follow-up can bring comfort and encouragement to patients and their families.

10. Do you need to consult another doctor?

It may be awkward to ask the attending doctor this question directly, but because the treatment of cancer is changing with each passing day and becoming more and more complicated, it is valuable to listen to an expert’s "second diagnosis and treatment opinion".

In fact, more and more patients in Europe and America, especially those with advanced stage, will consult many doctors for a relatively unified treatment plan. More and more doctors, especially confident doctors, are beginning to support patients’ choices. On the one hand, it can reduce patients’ suspicion, on the other hand, it may also be an opportunity for self-improvement and learning.

I wish you all the best and a speedy recovery!

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