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Demonstrators shouted that Clinton was a rapist, and Hillary rarely lost her temper.

Previously on Observer Network Synthesis: The FBI seems to be Trump’s "savior" who has been lagging behind in the election. It not only restarted the "mail door" investigation at a critical moment, but also denied that Hillary accused Trump of improper contact with Russia. There is evidence to support it.

Another important character who influenced the election, Assange, has even "evolved" to predict Hillary’s emotions. He described Hillary as "even losing her mind in pursuit of ambition", and Hillary was "sure enough" angered by the protester’s sentence "Clinton is a rapist".

Previously, she has been trying to show a rational and calm temperament, and often publicly accused Trump that "people who are easily angered on social media are not suitable for mastering nuclear weapons."

After this wave, according to the latest polls, the election situation has reached a "rebalancing".

On November 1, Hillary rarely got angry at the campaign rally.

Hillary rarely gets angry.

On November 2nd, the US Chinese website quoted New York Post as saying that on Tuesday (2nd) night, Hillary Clinton lost her temper in front of a protester in a rare campaign rally.

At a rally in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, a protester shouted, "Bill Clinton is a rapist!"When Hillary heard it, she pointed her finger at the protester to fight back.

She said: "You know, I am sick and tired of these negative, dark, divisive, dangerous and angry Trump supporters (I am sick and tired of the negative, dark, divisive,
dangerous vision and behavior from people who support Donald Trump)”。

In fact, this is not the first time that protesters have expressed their anger at Hillary’s campaign rally in this way, but Hillary’s reaction this time is indeed abnormal.

"We will not retreat, we will move forward to a better future." The supporters in the audience shouted Hillary’s name to cheer for it. Protesters who shouted "Clinton" was a rapist were expelled from the venue.

Earlier, Hillary Clinton questioned Trump in public more than once that he was easily angered. In the third TV debate, she also criticized Trump "as an easily angered person. How can such a person be the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces of the United States? Will the world be safe by giving the US nuclear weapon password to someone who is easily angered by a Twitter? " She also said that a mature diplomat will not talk lightly about war. War is never the first option, and reason must always overcome sensibility.

At the Democratic Party Congress held in Philadelphia in July, Hillary Clinton also made similar remarks: "Imagine him in the Oval Office (the President’s Office of the White House). For a real crisis, a person who can be defeated by Twitter is not someone we can entrust with nuclear weapons."

Assange: Hillary ClintonMy heart is full of ambition, and it is morbid.

Russian satellite news network reported on November 3rd that julian assange, editor-in-chief of Wikileaks website, said in an interview with Russian TV Today that she felt very sorry for Hillary Clinton, the presidential candidate of the Democratic Party of the United States, who was "full of ambition".

Data map: Assange

Assange said, "I actually feel sorry for Hillary, because her heart is full of ambition, and she has reached a morbid state, even losing her mind in pursuit of ambition."

Lawyer Assange said earlier that if Hillary wins the election, the security threat to the editor-in-chief will increase significantly.

Assange also pointed out that Hillary’s campaign team’s statement about Russia’s intervention in the US election is false. He also refuted Russia’s assertion that Wikileaks broke the news.

Assange said: "The Hillary team successfully set off a wave of new McCarthyism. Hillary Clinton has made false statements more than once before, saying that 17 intelligence agencies in the United States have concluded that Russia is the source of Wikileaks, which is incorrect. "

Assange told the press conference of the 10th anniversary of Wikileaks in early October this year that the website would expose all documents related to the US presidential election before November 8th.

Poll: Trump’s odds are increasing "invisible voters" may assist

According to the China Journal website reported on November 3rd, Trump’s odds are increasing. A recent follow-up poll shows that Trump’s support rate is 5.4 percentage points higher than that of Democratic rival Hillary Clinton. Analysts also pointed out that a group of "invisible voters" who are unwilling to admit supporting Trump verbally but secretly vote for Trump will send the controversial billionaire to the White House.

On November 2, the latest follow-up poll released by Los Angeles Times showed that Trump’s support rate was 47.8%, which was 4 percentage points higher than last week, while Hillary’s support rate dropped by 3 percentage points to 42.4% now. This is the first time since May this year that a poll showed that Trump was ahead of Hillary.

Recent polls show that Trump’s support rate has been equal to Hillary.

Before the polling day, the donis College of the University of Southern California and the Los Angeles Times conducted a follow-up poll. They asked about 3,000 Americans about their voting intentions every day in order to grasp the changing trend of the election.

The New Zealand Herald also published an article on November 3, saying that based on the early voting data and a political theory called "Bradley effect", many voters had made up their minds to support Trump, but they lied in the polls because they were afraid of being labeled politically incorrect, but they voted for Trump when they officially voted. This group of "invisible" voters is likely to become Trump’s magic weapon.

Zinia Victor, an American expert at Chatham House, a British think tank, believes that Trump has undoubtedly inspired many voters who have never participated in the general election before. "We have seen, this is a fact. Look at those who participated in the Trump campaign. They are not typical Republican voters. " Victor said, "Hillary’s supporters are not so enthusiastic … This is a problem, because during Obama’s campaign, he was able to attract a large number of voters who had never voted before to stand up for him, but according to the current early voting data, these people did not stand up for Hillary."

A similar situation occurred in the Brexit referendum. At that time, about 3 million voters who had never voted before stood up, and their appearance reversed the voting results predicted by the polls in one fell swoop, and Brexit unexpectedly won. Newt gingrich, former speaker of the US House of Representatives, said: "I believe that just like the Brexit referendum, Trump’s final vote rate is likely to be 3 to 4 percentage points higher than expected by the polls."

The practice of Paul Ryan, the current speaker of the House of Representatives of the United States, confirms that the "Bradley effect" really exists. The Republican who has refused to publicly support Trump admitted on November 1 that he had voted for Trump in advance.

The American political news website "Politico" quoted a Republican in Virginia as saying: "I know many Republicans who are unwilling to admit that they will vote for Trump, and I am unwilling to admit it myself. If Hillary’s approval rating is 5 percentage points higher than Bitram’s, this will not cause any problems. Otherwise, the results on the polling day may surprise everyone. "

This article is an exclusive manuscript of Observer. The content of the article is purely the author’s personal opinion, and does not represent the platform’s view. It shall not be reproduced without authorization, otherwise legal responsibility will be investigated. Pay attention to the observer network WeChat guanchacn and read interesting articles every day.

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Battle between AMD and Intel: Which CPU is stronger?

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The following is the translation:

Whether we choose CPU for games or CPU for desktop applications, we have only two choices: AMD or Intel. Both companies have their own fans, so it is difficult for people who want to buy CPU to get pertinent advice, but in fact, the answer is obvious in many cases. In fact, for most people, AMD clearly wins. This conclusion is a big reversal, because AMD almost went bankrupt three years ago, but now it can compete with Intel in the chip market that has dominated for more than ten years.

This article discusses the endless debate between AMD and Intel’s desktop CPU from the aspects of personal computer’s purpose, price, performance, driver support, energy consumption and security (we don’t discuss notebook or server chips here), as well as the current situation of their competition. We will also discuss the process and architecture that changed the rules of the game. There is no doubt about the overall winner, but which CPU to choose should be comprehensively considered according to price, performance and the most important function.

1. price and value comparison between 1.AMD and Intel CPU.

No matter who it is, price is always the most important consideration, and in terms of value, AMD is hard to beat. AMD’s products have many additional advantages, such as integrated cooling, all models fully support overclocking, not to mention various software, such as the automatic overclocking function of Precision Boost Overdrive.

The extensive forward and backward compatibility of Socket AM4 motherboard also brings great benefits, and every penny you spend on the processor and motherboard is worth it. AMD also allows all motherboards except A series to overclock, which is also good news for users.

In addition, in the CPU war between AMD and Intel, we haven’t even discussed the new Pinan itself. We will see later that AMD’s modern processors tend to provide more cores, or more threads, and faster PCIe 4.0 at any price.

Although the price of Intel’s high-end desktop models is somewhat loose, the price of Intel chips is high. Intel’s models that don’t support overclocking have their own radiators (you need to spend more money to support overclocking), but the quality of these models can only be said to be acceptable. We have seen that Intel’s own radiator does not provide the best performance under factory settings. Obviously, this can’t be compared with AMD, and some models of AMD even support RGB radiators.

Intel’s expensive, overclocking K-series processors don’t even have a heat sink. So if you want to start with an Intel processor that can overclock, you must set aside a budget for the radiator. In contrast, most of AMD’s own radiators can be used for moderate overclocking. But if you want to buy Intel chips, then Core i5-9400F is worth considering. The processor doesn’t have an integrated graphics card, and it doesn’t support overclocking, but as an Intel Core i5, the price of $125 is very good.

Not only is the K-series that Intel can overclock expensive, but you also need to buy an expensive Z-series motherboard to release the full performance of CPU, because B-series or H-series motherboards are not allowed to overclock. Intel is also famous for changing the socket interface frequently, which means that it is unlikely to use a new processor on the old motherboard or install the old processor on the new motherboard. Therefore, when choosing Intel, we should seriously consider the issue of forward and backward compatibility. And you can’t use PCIe 4.0. Intel still uses PICe 3.0 bus, and its transmission rate is only half of AMD’s PCIe 4.0.

Although AMD has the highest performance-to-price ratio, the products with the highest performance at each price point have to pay an extra price, especially the Ruilong 9 3950X. Intel’s processors are far ahead of AMD in terms of performance. Although AMD will charge extra fees, the performance dispute has obviously ended.

Results: AMD won. When comparing the CPU of AMD and Intel, we need to consider the complete product line, especially when calculating the performance that each dollar can buy. However, if you want to buy an integrated graphics card, you can only choose Intel. We recommend Intel to most users who want to choose integrated graphics cards, especially when you want to play games.

2. Comparison of game performance between 2.AMD and Intel CPU.

In the CPU battle between AMD and Intel, Intel’s performance on each core still wins, which means that for lightweight threads and those applications that can’t make good use of multi-core and multi-threading, Intel’s performance is quite excellent. This is the case with most games. However, AMD is ahead in some key price bands, especially in end products, and our evaluation shows that AMD’s game performance is not inferior. Therefore, we have many choices at different price points.

Intel’s most expensive desktop processor, Core i9-9900K, can provide the best high-end game performance, while the mid-range product Core i9-9700K is not far behind. However, the difference in product performance between Intel and AMD’s corresponding price bands can’t make up for the extra expenses brought by choosing Intel, at least for most people.

The difference between AMD and Intel’s top products in game performance is almost hard to find, but the situation in mid-range products is more complicated. Referring to the previous classification, price is the ultimate measure, while AMD’s mid-range products win in several key aspects, and most consumers will buy it. On the contrary, Intel’s advantages are not so obvious.

To give full play to Intel’s advantages, you need a high-end CPU and a monitor with high refresh rate, and you also need to set the game to the outdated resolution of 1080p. If you choose 1440p or even higher resolution, you will hit the bottleneck of GPU, so the CPU can’t play its best performance. However, some extra CPU processing power can give you some room to upgrade your graphics card-AMD’s Big Navi and Nvidia’s GTX 3080/Ampere have been planned to be released this year.

We believe that most mid-range machines will use weak GPU, and its performance usually matches that of CPU. It is worth mentioning that AMD provides more cores and threads than Intel at all price points, so running chat applications, browsers and other tasks in the background when playing games will not have much impact on performance. If you want to play live games, AMD’s good ratio of core number to thread number makes it the best choice.

Whenever your CPU is fast enough, you should choose the best GPU in your budget, because CPU usually becomes a bottleneck. Therefore, you should always pay attention to our articles on the best game CPU and the best graphics card, as well as the comparison chart between CPU and GPU to ensure the best match between them.

Result: Intel won, but only because we measured the top performance. If you can squeeze out the performance of each frame, especially under overclocking conditions, then you should choose high-end Intel, whose top performance can also ensure that you will not be outdated when upgrading the GPU later. Just pay attention to the priority of selection.

In the mid-range products, AMD is usually a better choice, and unless you choose the fastest GPU with a display with low resolution and high refresh rate, the gap with Intel CPU will not be too big.

3. Performance of 3.AMD and Intel in terms of productivity and content creation

The performance battle outside the game is clearer. In terms of productivity and content creation, AMD chips win completely. AMD chips are equipped with extra cores, threads and caches, so measured by the performance that each dollar can buy, AMD wins.

Intel has fallen behind in the race to integrate more processor cores, and now AMD’s products in high-end desktop processing and mainstream desktop processors are far behind Intel. Think about it. AMD’s mainstream desktop processor, the 16-core Ruilong 9 3950X, provides twice as many cores and threads as Intel’s most powerful Core i9-9900K. At the same time, the number of cores of AMD’s high-end processor Ruilong Threadripper 3990X has reached 64 cores and 128 threads, which is 3.5 times that of Intel’s high-end model halo.

Whether it is a mainstream desktop processor or a high-end processor, AMD’s chips are much higher than Intel’s performance, so they are more expensive than the corresponding flagship products of Intel. However, you don’t need to spend too much money to enjoy the benefits of AMD chips. In almost every price range, AMD provides a higher number of cores and threads at a lower price. These extra cores make AMD win in almost all multi-threaded evaluations, such as image rendering and video processing.

Results: AMD won. The battle between AMD and Intel is almost one-sided for content creation and productivity applications that pursue performance. At present, AMD’s 6-core and more core products will not come with integrated graphics cards, which means that if you don’t want to buy a discrete graphics card, you can only choose Intel. But almost all professionals will choose discrete graphics cards.

4. Compare AMD and Intel processors in terms of specifications and features.

AMD has Ruilong 3, Ruilong 5, Ruilong 7, Ruilong 9 and Threadriper product lines, while Intel’s product lines are Core i3, Core i5, Core i7, Core i9 and Cascade Lake-X. The following table lists all products, comparing AMD and Intel processors in terms of specifications and performance, but for the sake of simplicity, we only focus on the top products on the corresponding product lines. Note that the two companies have cheap products in each product line, but from this table we can roughly feel the contrast between them. In terms of price, the suggested retail price and market price of the two companies are adopted.

Comparison of specifications and prices between AMD and Intel’s high-end desktop processors

The multi-core of high-end desktop processor can meet all the needs of content creators. Intel had no competitors in this field until AMD’s first-generation Threadripper product line broke this myth, and Threadripper 3000 product line completely defeated Intel.

We can see that in the comparison between AMD and Intel’s high-end desktop processors, the 64-core and 128-thread of AMD’s flagship product Threadripper 3990X are unmatched, while the 32-core and 24-core Threadripper 3970X and 3960X models are far ahead of Intel’s chips.

Intel’s high-end product line is divided into two series, among which Xeon W-3175X and W-3265 are suitable for luxurious and expensive LGA3647 motherboards. But this is not the most suitable system for computer enthusiasts, and its main market is professional workstations.

Intel’s high-end desktop products start with the 18-core Cascade Lake-X Core i9-10980XE, which uses the LGA2066 motherboard. Considering the price of the chip, its performance is very strong, but the number of cores of Threadripper is 3.5 times hard to beat, so basically Intel lost to AMD in the high-end desktop market.

With AMD’s Threadripper product line, you can get more cores, caches and faster PCIe 4.0, but you have to spend more money to support such a powerful processor. However, when considering the price per core, AMD is more cost-effective.

AMD and Intel’s high-end product specifications and prices

In the battle of high-end processors, AMD’s Ruilong 9 and Ruilong 7 families completely defeated Intel’s Core i9 and Core i7 product lines. Similarly, AMD’s 16-core 32-thread Ruilong 9 3950X has maintained its absolute leading edge, setting a new benchmark in terms of core count, performance and price.

Intel’s 8-core and 16-thread Core i9-9900K can’t match it, but from the price point of view, it can actually compete with AMD’s Ruilong 9 3900X. We see that in each price segment, AMD’s core number and price per core are dominant, and there are more caches, faster PCIe 4.0 and faster memory support. 9900K does lead in game performance, but it stops there. The performance of the 3900X is very close, and most players will not notice the difference between it and Intel, although there may be differences after upgrading the GPU.

So are the more mainstream Ruilong 7 and Core i7 markets. To be honest, these chips are what most gamers should buy. Here, AMD’s Ruilong 7 3700X can easily beat Intel’s Core i7-9700K, which has eight more threads and is more suitable for handling multiple tasks. Similarly, 9700K is still the king of the game world, but the Ruilong 7 family wins in the rest of the place.

Specifications and prices of mid-range and cheap processors from AMD and Intel

Regarding the midrange and cheap CPU of AMD and Intel, the Core i5 and i3 families are evenly matched with AMD’s Ruilong 5 and Ruilong 3 processors. This market constitutes the most important sales of AMD and Intel, so the price and value of these products are the most important.

AMD’s Ruilong 5 3600X has the same number of cores as Intel, but the number of threads is more than that of Core i5-9600K to balance the advantages of the latter in fundamental frequency and frequency doubling, so 3600X is the best cost-effective combination in mid-range products. You can even downgrade to the Ruilong 5 3600, and use AMD’s Precision Boost Overdrive to overclock with one button to get almost the same performance as 3600X. Tip: AMD models without X are the best cost performance.

AMD’s new products-the Ruilong 3 3300X without graphics card for only $120 and the Ruilong 3 3100 model for only $99 are also designed to resist Intel. Three years ago, Intel’s flagship chip cost about $350, with four cores and eight threads, but now AMD’s Ruilong 3 product line can provide the same number of cores and threads, but it only costs $99. These products have boosted the sales of each product line of AMD and dealt a fatal blow to the second-hand price of Intel’s old chips. AMD also announced the news of the upcoming B550 motherboard, bringing PCIe 4.0 products with higher cost performance into the low-end market.

AMD also focuses on the Ruilong 5 3400G and Ruilong 3 3200G APU to resist Intel’s Core i5-9400F, Core i3-9350K/F and Core i3-9100F models. AMD’s model integrates Vega’s graphics card unit and can run many low-end games. This is why the i5-9400F and i3-9100F are so popular, because consumers no longer need to spend $50 on a decent discrete graphics card. The new Ruilong 3 3300X and 3100 are not on the market yet, but we are eager to see how it will affect the market.

Both high-end desktop chips do not provide integrated graphics units. However, even if Intel sells its F-series chips without graphics cards at a discount, in the mainstream product line, Intel still has an advantage because of its own integrated graphics card.

On the contrary, AMD only provides integrated graphics cards on APU models, which means that any processor with more than four cores (or a processor with a price of more than $150) must be equipped with a discrete graphics card. This is a big disadvantage, because most mainstream users can’t play games with computers, so they have lost a large part of the professional market and OEM market. Intel’s iGPU is almost useless in games, but it is very suitable for display and QuickSync applications, while AMD’s iGPU provides the best gaming experience. However, the choice of AMD products is very limited, so a large part of the market is lost.

Results: AMD won. Comparing the specifications of AMD and Intel CPU, you will find that AMD provides more cores and threads, more cache, faster memory support, and PCIe 4.0 only for mid-range products and high-end products in each price segment. From the high-end desktop market to the high-end, mid-range and low-end markets, AMD’s Ryzen processor Ti provides more value than Intel’s processors.

5. overclocking comparison between 5.AMD and Intel CPU

There is no suspense in the comparison of overclocking. Intel provides the most overclocking space, which means that Intel chips can get higher performance with the same level of processors.

But as I said before, you have to spend extra money to buy an expensive Z-series motherboard to overclock, and you also need to buy a suitable third-party radiator (preferably water-cooled) to get the best performance of Intel. However, once equipped with all this, Intel’s chips can be easily pushed to the limit, and it can get the main frequency of more than 5GHz in the ninth-generation Coffee Lake Refresh processor.

AMD’s manual overclocking space is not so big. In fact, all cores can only overclock about several hundred MHz at most, even lower than single-core chips. This means that overclocking all cores may even lead to performance degradation of programs that do not use threads, although the decline is very small.

However, AMD provides the function of Precision Boost Overdrive, which can overclock with one button and squeeze out some extra performance from the basic performance of the chip, the power supply system of the motherboard and the cooling system of the CPU. AMD’s approach can achieve the best performance and will not encounter any difficulties. In either case, you can’t achieve the high frequency as Intel processors (AMD chips without liquid nitrogen cooling can reach 5.0GHz), but this performance improvement is free.

Result: Intel won. In discussing the overclocking problem between AMD and Intel, Intel provides more overclocking space and can achieve higher main frequency. Just need to pay an extra price. AMD’s method is more suitable for entry-level users, and it can achieve basic overclocking without much trouble, but the performance will not be improved too much.

6. Power consumption comparison between 6.AMD and Intel

Comparing the power consumption and heat dissipation of AMD and Intel, we will find that AMD’s 7 nm has brought great differences. Power consumption is a by-product of design, such as the architecture introduced below. However, high power consumption usually means high heat, so a better radiator is needed to balance the high heat generated by the chip.

Since the launch of the 14-nanometer process five years ago, Intel has been continuously improving the process, increasing the power consumption/performance ratio by 70%. However, it is no accident that Intel’s latest chip consumes more power and generates more heat. This is because each generation of Intel chips needs to increase power consumption to provide higher performance, so as to resist AMD’s attack. This will lead to some problems with its own radiator, and also require the motherboard to provide more powerful power. When the two are combined, Intel becomes a big power consumer.

On the contrary, AMD relies on TSMC’s 7 nm junction, which is more effective than Intel’s 14 nm process. AMD’s Ruilong 3000 series processors have lost some advantages because the package contains a central 14-nanometer I/O die, but overall, AMD’s 7-nanometer chip has lower power consumption or better performance-to-power ratio. Therefore, AMD can accomplish more work with the same power consumption, which is a win-win result for users. Moreover, AMD’s requirements for heat dissipation are not high.

Results: AMD won. Evaluating AMD and Intel by performance per watt will inevitably mention the role of denser processing nodes and more efficient micro-architecture, and TSMC’s 7 nm process and AMD’s Zen 2 are the strongest combination. The latest Ruilong chips consume less power and therefore generate less heat. This makes it very easy to dissipate heat.

7. CPU drivers and software of 7.AMD and Intel

In terms of software support, Intel has always had a good reputation. AMD’s CPU chip driver and graphics card driver often have problems, which is also one of the consequences of AMD’s shortage of manpower. Intel has not failed in drivers, but its reputation for stability has helped Intel win the processor market, especially the OEM market.

As for the existing products, the quality of Intel’s graphics card drivers is very good recently, because Intel has brought its Xe graphics card to the market. Providing graphics card drivers on the day of sale has become the default behavior of chip manufacturers, and the integrated graphics card in Intel chips has become the largest integrated graphics card in the world, running on billions of computers.

However, you should be cautious when chasing higher-end Intel products. In the past, Intel developed many creative new products, but all of them were thrown into the garbage dump of history because of price and market forces, and the long-term support of these products was not so perfect.

AMD’s products are still defective. AMD’s BIOS release often leads to some problems, which make the chip unable to play its full performance, although these problems can be solved after a series of updates. AMD is a small factory, which leads it to face the challenge of continuous optimization based on Intel architecture in the whole industry.

The survival of the semiconductor industry is very difficult, especially in the face of powerful competitors, and redefining the industry means breaking old things. As far as AMD is concerned, the old thing to be broken is that the operating system and applications are not optimized in a way that can give full play to the best performance of the first generation Zen architecture processor, let alone Zen 2 with a large number of cores.

Result: Intel won. Over the years, Intel has solved the driver update problem of its integrated graphics card, and the company also has a large group of software developers on standby to provide technical support for the latest software. Ten years of rule has also taught most software developers how to optimize Intel architecture. AMD has made great progress in changing the developer ecosystem and providing optimization for its Zen architecture, but there is still much room for improvement if it wants to keep moving forward.

8. Process comparison between 8.AMD and Intel

There are several main underlying technologies that can affect the potential of the chip. The most basic rule of processors is still valid: the densest processor nodes can win as long as they have enough power, performance and area characteristics (PPA) and a solid micro-architecture. If we use this standard to measure the CPU of AMD and Intel, we will find that AMD usually leads in process and architecture.

But whether AMD really takes the lead in the processor market is still a controversial topic. Unlike Intel, AMD does not produce its own processors. Instead, it is only responsible for designing the processor and then handing it over to an external foundry for the actual chip production. For example, AMD’s latest Ryzen processor uses the 12-nanometer process of GlobalFoundries and the 7-nanometer process of TSMC, and the latter is the most important.

Many companies use TSMC’s 7-nanometer node, including Apple and Huawei, so 7-nanometer technology has won the financial and engineering support of the whole industry. Therefore, by Intel’s own admission, the 7-nanometer process is more advanced than Intel’s own 10-nanometer and 14-nanometer processes. According to Intel, its own process can no longer gain the leading position before 2021, and Intel can’t regain the leading position in the industry before the 5-nanometer technology that I don’t know when it will be released appears.

TSMC’s 7 nm node means that AMD can build cheaper, faster and denser chips and integrate more cores, while still keeping power consumption within a specific range. This design can be more convenient.

Our article will not focus on Intel’s 10 nm technology. Intel’s desktop chips have been using 14 nm technology for five years, and it will not change in the foreseeable future, while its 10 nm technology is mediocre in notebooks. (Intel has not released a 10-nanometer chip with more than four cores. )

AMD will contract with TSMC to acquire higher-end technology regardless of whether it can take the lead from Intel by using the 7-nanometer node. This advantage gives AMD the most powerful blank paper for it to paint a picture of its micro-architecture and create a chip that Intel can’t beat.

The only thing AMD needs to worry about is the production capacity: Although AMD can produce the 7-nanometer process, TSMC cannot provide enough products to resist Intel’s powerful production capacity, at least in a short time. Therefore, AMD faces the problem of product shortage, so its penetration in the market may be limited. But maybe don’t worry too much, because Intel’s own products have been in short supply for a year. Especially after AMD’s new design forced Intel to increase the number of cores, Intel’s production capacity further declined, and the jump ticket of 10 nm technology led to problems in Intel’s production capacity.

Results: AMD (TSMC) won. Intel has been using 14nm technology on desktop processors for five years in a row. Intel has squeezed a lot of performance from the ancient design and designed a series of optimization measures. But all this can’t help Intel win the process war with AMD. Intel needs to come up with 10 nm or 7 nm desktop chips as soon as possible.

9. Architecture of 9.AMD and Intel

When comparing the CPU of AMD and Intel, we must consider two designs that have great influence on performance, scalability and performance per unit price: interconnection and micro-architecture.

AMD’s Infinity Fabric can combine multiple dies into one processor. It can be considered that this technology can put together multiple puzzles into a complete picture. AMD doesn’t need a big die, it can use many very small dies, which can improve the output and reduce the cost. This technology can also provide scalability that Intel’s grid interconnection technology can’t match, and obviously can beat Intel’s ancient ring bus technology on desktop processors.

AMD first applied this technology to Zen microarchitecture, which was designed to be extensible from the beginning. Therefore, compared with the previous generation Bulldozer chip, the number of instructions per clock cycle (IPC) increased explosively by 52%, and the latest Zen 2 microarchitecture used by Ryzen processor increased this number by 15% (calculated according to IPC). With the 7 nm process, AMD has improved the performance of each core by up to 31% (calculated by frequency and IPC).

As for the performance of each core, the migration to Zen 2 microarchitecture makes AMD processors almost comparable to Intel’s best products. The main reason is that Intel is still using the 14-nanometer process, and its micro-architecture is specially designed for 14-nanometer chips. This means that Intel’s new microarchitecture must be implemented on a smaller process (such as 10 nm), which leads to great difficulties for Intel’s 10 nm products.

Intel plans to improve this problem in the future, so that microarchitecture can be shared on different nodes. But until then, Intel can only use Skylake microarchitecture.

Results: AMD won. In terms of CPU architecture, it is clear that AMD has a faster pace. Intel has been using Skylae microarchitecture since 2015. AMD has made rapid progress in design, and has taken away the leading position in chip design from Intel.

10. Chip security of AMD and Intel

In recent five years, security researchers have been studying one of the technologies to improve the performance of modern chips: predictive execution engine. The results of these studies have led to the continuous discovery of a large number of security vulnerabilities, threatening the security and privacy of the system. Unfortunately, these vulnerabilities are very dangerous because they can’t be detected-the method of stealing data is completely in line with the design of the processor, so any known anti-virus software can’t detect them.

Fixing these vulnerabilities will lead to performance degradation, which is particularly painful for Intel, because there are many more vulnerabilities in its chips than other vendors.

Intel currently has 242 open vulnerabilities, while AMD has only 16, with a ratio of 15:1. It’s hard to say whether this is because the security of AMd chips is high, or because researchers rarely attack AMD chips-attackers will always target the chips with the highest market share. Similarly, at present, Windows, which has the highest share of desktop operating system, is attacked more than MacOS with Anu press, although this trend has changed recently.

In any case, there are far fewer security holes in AMD at present. We have seen that Intel’s architecture update has caused several performance degradation, and we don’t know when all the vulnerabilities will be solved.

Results: AMD won. The security difference between AMD and Intel cannot be ignored. Intel’s security vulnerabilities far exceed AMD’s. With the increase of AMD’s market share, this may change, and sub-cattle personnel are also increasingly studying AMD’s architecture. At present, Intel needs to spend more effort to repair its standards. These fixes usually reduce performance, which will cause Intel to lag further behind AMD in performance, so AMD wins.

11.AMD or Intel, which processor is better?

AMD’s Zen series processors have redefined our expectations for mainstream desktop processors and high-end desktop processors, and have caught up with Intel, which is still using the ancient 14-nanometer process and Skylake architecture. In the past few years, the focus of AMD’s CPU has shifted from high value and high energy consumption to optimal design, which can provide more cores, higher performance and lower power consumption.

Intel is slowly adding new features and cores to counter AMD, but it also has some negative effects, such as higher power consumption and heat dissipation. This can only prove that Intel is still struggling with design and chip manufacturers.

If Intel can reduce the price of mainstream products and relax the functional restrictions (such as overclocking) of high-end chips and motherboards in various product lines, the comparison between AMD and Intel may change dramatically. Intel’s strategy of squeezing the last penny out of every function gives AMD a lot of competition space.

Moreover, AMD’s performance can fully match its value. Intel still leads in the performance line of each core and still occupies a leading position in the game market, but this is only for the top-end product line. In the mid-range products with the largest share, AMD has strong competitiveness.

For a company that almost went bankrupt three years ago, it was a beautiful turnaround. AMD still has a lot to improve, such as expanding the ecosystem of its OEM partners and cooperating with the community to expand its software optimization. However, considering the excellent price, performance and value ratio, AMD is already very good.

Intel still has countless users who don’t need discrete graphics cards, especially in the huge OEM market, so there is still time to turn the tables. Intel’s Comet Lake processor will be released soon, but apart from the lower price, we don’t think another product with 14 nm technology will bring much change. However, AMD still can’t relax its vigilance.

At present, AMD has won the battle of CPU, but according to your own needs, perhaps Intel’s processor is still a better choice. If you want better overclocking, better gaming experience or software support, or you want productivity performance instead of buying a discrete graphics card, then Intel is better. But if you want to balance price and performance, then AMD is worth a try.

Comparison between AMD and Intel CPU

Original: https://www.tomshardware.com/features/amd-vs-intel-cpus

Original title: Battle between AMD and Intel: Which CPU is stronger? 》

Read the original text

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A quick look at the article! These new regulations will be officially implemented in May.

  From May, a number of new laws and regulations will be implemented one after another, involving land contracting, social security supervision and reporting, internet advertising, etc. Which one do you care most about?

  The phased reduction of unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance rates will continue until the end of 2024.

  The Notice of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Issues Related to Decreasing Unemployment Insurance and Work Injury Insurance Rates by Stages proposes that the policy of reducing unemployment insurance rates to 1% by stages will continue to be implemented from May 1, 2023, and the implementation period will be extended to the end of 2024. In the administrative areas of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), the rates of units and individuals shall be unified, and the personal rates shall not exceed the unit rates.

  It can be reported that the highest reward is 100,000 yuan if it is found that social security is linked and remitted.

  The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security issued the Measures for the Administration of Supervision and Reporting of Social Insurance Funds, which will be implemented on May 1, 2023.It is clear that any organization or individual can report in accordance with the Measures if the insured unit, individual or intermediary institution is suspected of any of the following circumstances.

  Fictitious social insurance participation conditions and illegal payment by providing false certification materials.

  Forge or alter relevant certificates, files and materials to defraud social insurance funds.

  Organizing or assisting others to defraud the insured to pay back, retire early or apply for social insurance benefits in violation of regulations by forging or altering files and materials.

  After an individual loses his eligibility for social insurance benefits, he or the relevant beneficiary fails to fulfill his obligation to inform or conceal the facts and enjoys social insurance benefits in violation of regulations.

  Other cases of fraudulent acquisition, embezzlement or misappropriation of social insurance funds.

  This method, together with the Interim Measures for Rewarding Supervision and Reporting of Social Insurance Funds, defines the reward standard for reporting.According to the amount of social insurance fund losses caused by verified illegal acts, it is calculated according to a certain proportion, and the maximum amount does not exceed 100,000 yuan.

  The "Administrative Measures for Internet Advertising" and "Shangxin" regulate pop-up advertisements.

  The newly revised Measures for the Administration of Internet Advertising will come into effect on May 1st. The "Measures" refine the advertising supervision rules in key areas such as "soft-text advertisements", Internet advertisements with links, competitive ranking advertisements, advertisements published by algorithm recommendation, advertisements published live on the Internet, and advertisements subject to censorship in disguise; The jurisdiction of advertising spokespersons has been added. Among them, except in the case that laws and administrative regulations prohibit the publication or disguised publication of advertisements, if goods or services are promoted through knowledge introduction, experience sharing, consumption evaluation and other forms, and purchase methods such as shopping links are attached, the advertisement publisher shall clearly indicate "advertisement".

  Wildlife protection and habitat strengthening have received more attention.

  The newly revised Wildlife Protection Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) has been implemented since May 1st. This law strengthens the protection of wildlife habitats and refines the measures for regulating wildlife populations. The law explicitly prohibits the consumption of wildlife under special state protection, terrestrial wildlife with important ecological, scientific and social values under state protection and other terrestrial wildlife, and prohibits hunting, trading and transporting terrestrial wildlife that naturally grows and breeds in the wild environment for the purpose of eating; And increase penalties for related violations.At the same time, it is stipulated that in an emergency situation where wild animals endanger personal safety, those who take measures to cause damage to wild animals will not bear legal responsibility according to law.

  Recruitment will highlight the recruitment of high-quality soldiers.

  The newly revised "Regulations on Conscription Work" came into effect on May 1, providing a strong guarantee for the replenishment and reserve of military personnel, the construction and consolidation of national defense and a strong army.There are six innovations in this revision, including highlighting the recruitment of high-quality soldiers, establishing a comprehensive evaluation and selection mechanism, clearly focusing on college students, and giving priority to ensuring the recruitment of college graduates and soldiers with special requirements for political, physical conditions or professional skills; Eligible retired soldiers can join the army again and give priority to the original army or the same type of post.

  Remember the heroes and martyrs! The school is required to organize students to participate in the martyrs’ public sacrifice in an appropriate way.

  The newly revised "Measures for Martyrs’ Public Sacrifice" will be implemented as of May 1st.Among them, it emphasizes the educational role of public sacrifice activities for young people, and requires schools at all levels and types to organize students to participate in martyrs’ public sacrifices in an appropriate way and strengthen patriotism, collectivism and socialism education.Standardize mass memorial activities, clarify that units and individuals should carry out memorial activities in a civilized and orderly manner, and accept the management of martyrs memorial facilities protection units, which provides principled guidance for individual citizens or relevant units to organize memorial activities for martyrs.

  The validity of Hong Kong and Macao residents’ travel permits to and from the Mainland is extended.

  In order to protect the rights and interests of Hong Kong and Macao residents travelling to and from the Mainland in accordance with the law, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Exit-Entry Administration decided to extend the validity period of Hong Kong and Macao residents’ travel permits from May 8. People’s Republic of China (PRC) Exit-Entry Administration decided,For the Home Visit Permit with the expiry date of January 1, 2020 to December 30, 2023, the validity period is extended to December 31, 2023.The holder of the above-mentioned original Home Visit Permit can go through the entry-exit border inspection procedures and travel to and from the Mainland with the certificate; After entering the mainland, you are allowed to go to the nearest exit-entry administration department of the public security organ at or above the county level to apply for a new Home Visit Permit.

  It is clear that securities and futures institutions may not force the collection of information such as faces.

  The Measures for the Administration of Network and Information Security in Securities and Futures Industry came into effect on May 1st. The Measures put forward assessment requirements for the necessity and safety of core institutions and operating institutions to collect customers’ biometric features.It is clear that biometric features such as face, gait, fingerprint, iris and voiceprint should not be used as the only way to authenticate customers, forcing customers to agree to collect their personal biometric information.

  The new rules are clear! The rural land contract will be terminated in the following circumstances

  The Measures for the Administration of Rural Land Contract shall come into force on May 1st. It is clear that,During the contract period, the contract is terminated under any of the following circumstances: the contractor dies; The contractor voluntarily returns all the contracted land; All the contracted management rights of land are transferred; The contracted land has been completely expropriated; Other circumstances stipulated by laws, regulations and rules.

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The most powerful Mate in history! Huawei Mate 70 standard version parameters released

Fast Tech reported on November 7 that the blogger’s digital chat station exposed the parameters and specifications of the Huawei Mate 70 Standard Edition.

It is reported that,Huawei Mate 70 standard version uses 6.69 inches straight screen, resolution is 1.5K, support side fingerprint recognition, rear center ring three cameras, the main camera is 1/1.5 inches 50 million pixels, support variable aperture, and a 12 million pixel 5 times periscope telephoto, support wireless charging and dustproof and waterproof.

The most powerful Mate in history! Huawei Mate 70 standard version parameters released

Previously, Yu Chengdong, executive director of Huawei, chairperson of end point BG and chairperson of smart car solutions BU, announced on his personal Weibo that the Huawei Mate 70 series will be officially released this month. Yu Chengdong called it "the most powerful Mate in history".

According to reports,Huawei will simultaneously launch the Mate 70, Mate 70 Pro, Mate 70 Pro +, and Mate 70 RS Extraordinary Master models.

As mentioned earlier, the standard version is a 1.5K straight screen, and the Pro version is expected to be a 1.5K full-scale deep four-micro curved screen. All four models will come standard with a new generation of 5G platform and launch a new native Hongmeng.

The most powerful Mate in history! Huawei Mate 70 standard version parameters released

It is understood that the native Hongmeng operating system has been fully self-developed from the kernel, database to programming language, AI model, etc., making a comprehensive breakthrough in the core technology of the operating system and truly realizing the autonomy and controllability of the domestic operating system.

As of October 20, 2024, more than 1 billion Hongmeng ecological devices equipped with HarmonyOS have been installed. At present, Hongmeng ecological has more than 15,000 applications and meta services on the shelves, covering 18 vertical fields such as office, social, and entertainment. Hongmeng ecological territory is accelerating expansion.

The most powerful Mate in history! Huawei Mate 70 standard version parameters released

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The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that it will comprehensively promote the research and development of 6G technology

  Beijing, 4 June (Reporter Wang Zheng, Virginia Lieu) On the 4th, the 31st China International Information and Communication Exhibition opened in Beijing. The reporter learned from the opening ceremony that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will continue to enhance the advantages of the entire industrial chain in the fields of mobile communication and optical communication, proactively lay out frontier fields such as the next generation Internet, and comprehensively promote the research and development of 6G technology.

  In the past 10 years, China’s information and communication industry has achieved leap-forward development, building the world’s largest and technologically advanced network infrastructure, and the mobile communication network has achieved a leap from "3G breakthrough", "4G synchronization" to "5G leading". The rapidly developing information and communication industry has effectively driven the digital, networked and intelligent transformation and upgrading of the real economy and promoted high-quality economic and social development. By the end of April this year, the number of 5G base stations in China reached 2.733 million, and the number of 5G users reached 634 million, accounting for 60% of the world.

  The person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that the next step will be to accelerate the systematic development of new information infrastructure, accelerate the empowerment of information technology, further enrich and expand 5G application scenarios, deepen the application of industrial Internet convergence, continue to strengthen the research and development layout of cutting-edge technologies, and aim at 6G, quantum communication, satellite Internet and other fields. Continue to increase investment in research and development, and spawn more innovative results.

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The Ministry of Civil Affairs released the first survey data: there are 9.02 million left-behind children in rural areas in China.

  CCTV News:At the second inter-ministerial joint meeting of left-behind children in rural areas held yesterday (9th), the Ministry of Civil Affairs released the data for the first time. At present, there are 9.02 million left-behind children under the age of 16 in rural areas in China, including 8.05 million who are supervised by grandparents and 360,000 who are left unattended.

  Before this thorough investigation, the Ministry of Civil Affairs first defined the concept of left-behind children in rural areas according to the Opinions of the State Council on Strengthening the Care and Protection of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas, and determined that it refers to "rural registered minors under the age of 16 whose parents go out to work or one of them goes out to work and the other has no guardianship ability and cannot live with their parents normally".

  Tong Lihua, Director of Beijing Youth Legal Aid Center:In the past, the statistics were under the age of 18, and this time the statistics were under the age of 16, with a difference of two years; It’s different when both parents go out and one parent goes out. Another factor is that in the past few years, some parents of left-behind children and parents who go out to work have brought their children to the city. These people are called floating children in cities and towns.

  The data released this time can be said that the number of left-behind children in China has reached 61.02 million compared with many previous reports and media releases, which is a huge difference. Wang Jinhua, director of the Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, pointed out that 61.02 million people were based on the sample of the sixth population census in 2010, among which 1.26 million people were sampled and calculated by some institutions, and this data has been six years now.

  Wang Jinhua, Director of the Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs: Compared with the past, this is a significant decline. Still, this one is a statistical caliber, which is not quite the same. On the other hand, it is also related to a series of measures adopted by our country, the party and the government, such as returning to their hometowns to start businesses, enrolling migrant workers’ children in school with their accommodation, urbanization, and tackling poverty.

  The proportion of left-behind children in rural areas in central provinces is the highest.

  Judging from the data of this survey, the total number of left-behind children in rural areas in eastern provinces is the least, only 870,000, while the number in central provinces reaches 4.63 million, accounting for 51.33% of the national total.

  Most left-behind children in rural areas are 6-13 years old.

  According to the data provided by this census, from the perspective of regional distribution, rural left-behind children are mainly concentrated in the central and western regions, of which Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Henan, Hunan and other provinces have more than 700,000 people, accounting for 67.7% of the national total. In terms of age structure, there are 5.59 million rural left-behind children aged 6 to 13, accounting for 62% of the total number in China.

  Wang Jinhua, Director of Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs:Judging from the current data, there are about 990,000 left-behind children in China, either without guardianship, lacking guardianship ability or poor guardianship ability. It is very likely that these left-behind children are in danger of survival or facing some life safety.

  Carry out special actions to cover the safety bottom line

  To this end, the Ministry of Civil Affairs appeals that these situations should attract the attention of governments at all levels and society. It is understood that the Office of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference of Left-behind Children will carry out a series of special actions in the next step to put an end to the phenomenon of no guardians, curb guardians’ infringement on the rights and interests of left-behind children in rural areas, and cover the bottom line of children’s life safety.

  Tong Lihua, director of Beijing Youth Legal Aid Center: From the perspective of the central government, it is obviously necessary to pay more attention to left-behind children. How to train these children into future builders is a huge challenge facing the party, the government and society. I think these things are not only of great significance, but also the foundation for training builders for this country and consolidating the national manpower.

  Implement dynamic management of left-behind children in rural areas

  From the comprehensive investigation to the special action to be carried out, it can be said that the relevant departments are coordinating their actions, but the situation and information of children left behind are dynamic, so what measures will be taken to deal with this situation?

  Dynamic management of multi-department collaborative monitoring

  According to reports, on the basis of comprehensive arrangement, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, together with the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Public Security, will urge and guide all localities to monitor and master the dynamic changes and information of left-behind children in rural areas in a timely manner through regular visits and key inspections.

  Wang Jinhua, Director of Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs:Develop a system with all the data of left-behind children, and build a platform to build an effective platform for relevant departments and social caring people, including social organizations, to participate in the work of street children in the next step.

  At present, the lack of family guardianship is prominent.

  At the same time, Wang Jinhua also pointed out that the lack of family guardianship is a prominent problem at present. Individual parents who go out to work lack the sense of guardianship responsibility, leaving their minor children to live alone, and rarely visiting at home, or even not contacting their children all the year round, which seriously affects their children’s physical and mental health development.

  Tong Lihua, Director of Beijing Youth Legal Aid and Research CenterParents have to take responsibility when they have children. This responsibility is not whether you want to do it or not. It is stipulated by law and must be done. If parents go out and leave their children unattended, it is illegal.

  At the meeting, Huang Shuxian, Minister of Civil Affairs, pointed out that at present, some localities and departments still pay insufficient attention to the left-behind children in rural areas, the progress is not fast, and they are afraid of difficulties. There are still many left-behind children in rural areas who have difficulties and problems in guardianship, enrollment and mental health.

  Minister of Civil Affairs Huang Shuxian:To do a good job in caring and protecting the left-behind children in rural areas, we have a heavy task and great responsibility to ensure that the care and protection work covers every left-behind child who needs care, and jointly create a new situation of caring for left-behind children.

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The frosted glass shadow in the lungs was actually caused by "84"

  (Reporter Feng Ning correspondent Li Fengzhi) Recently, Ms. Zhang and Ms. Wang suffered from the same "disease" and went to Zhengzhou Central Hospital for treatment. Both of them are dizzy and weak, but they have no symptoms such as fever, cough, expectoration and dyspnea. However, their chest CT results startled the doctor.

  Both of them showed ground glass shadow on lung CT, which was similar to that of COVID-19. The hospital immediately handled it according to the observation, and after everything was properly placed, the problem appeared again. Although the CT images are very similar, the doctors repeatedly questioned the patient’s medical history and learned that they had no contact history, never been to Wuhan, and there was no confirmed patient in the community. The symptoms and hemogram did not conform to COVID-19, which made the doctors very puzzled.

  Just when everyone thought more and more wrong, the director of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found a clue. It turns out that during their stay at home, the two ladies regularly sprayed high-concentration 84 disinfectant at home every day for fear of COVID-19, and did not open the window for ventilation, thus causing allergic alveolitis. Allergic alveolitis refers to a group of diffuse interstitial granulomatous lung diseases caused by repeated inhalation of various antigenic organic dust and low molecular weight chemicals by susceptible people. Repeated attacks can cause pulmonary fibrosis and even develop into respiratory failure.

  After three days of anti-allergic treatment, the chest CT was reviewed, and the images of Ms. Zhang and Ms. Wang basically returned to normal.

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The first batch of young people who started the "Old Man Music" have been unable to quit.

Perhaps, Generation Z never thought that the first car in his life would be the same car as his grandparents.

Young people seem to have reached a settlement with themselves: since they can’t retire early, they should enjoy the lifestyle of the elderly in advance.

The elderly are spiritual role models of generation Z.

After going to the market on weekends, taking part in a tour group for the elderly, and going to the park to practice Baduan Brocade, the next goal of young people is the "old man’s music", a means of transportation for the elderly.

No young man can refuse the temptation of universal old man’s music. Try it if you don’t believe me.

Why can the old man be favored by young people? /tuchong creativity

Few people can see the old man happy for the first time without being surprised: "What is this?"

It is called a small electric donkey, but it has a steering wheel and four wheels, and it can shelter from the wind and rain; Say it’s a car, but it doesn’t have a license plate and doesn’t need a driver’s license.

Four unlike the old man’s music, but it has magical power, which can make everyone who rides it fall in love with it.

The domestic old man music of "going out to sea" has won the favor of many foreigners.

"Help, the old man is really sweet, and my three views have been refreshed by the old man." Blogger @yy shared the whole process of being "conquered" by the old man in Xiaohongshu.

Usually, @yy without a driver’s license needs parents to pick up and drop off from work. Once, my grandparents asked her to drive their old man to work. It only took one morning, and @yy, who has never driven a car, got started and went on the road with the warm wishes of the old man "I wish you a safe journey".

The old man who won the favor of @yy. /Little Red Book screenshot

"I really didn’t expect that the old man’s music was so versatile." Stunning is the first impression that the old man gave to @yy. Old man music can shelter from the wind and rain, as well as reversing images, warm air, fans and other functions, the price is only 8000 yuan.

Finally, she didn’t forget to "plant grass"-"If you can’t afford a car and don’t have a driver’s license, you can buy an old man to walk instead of walking." "Of course, it’s useless to buy your own grandparents’ incense. After all, you don’t have to spend a penny."

Under @yy’s account, there is a message reminding her to pay attention to the safety of Laodule. /Little Red Book screenshot

Laotoule’s formal title is "mini low-speed electric passenger car", with a driving speed of 40-60 km/h, a cruising range of 50-70 km and a price of 10,000-30,000 yuan. Laodule is mostly driven by electricity, but it doesn’t need to install a charging pile, so the patch panel at home can be easily charged.

Today’s old man’s music has long been not the "tin-wrapped electric car" in our impression. Central control large screen, leather seats, automatic lifting glass, heating and cooling air conditioning … There are cars, and the old man can arrange it for you.

Decorate the warm and lovely old man in the back row. /Little Red Book @ Little Bear Kindergarten

In the hands of creative young people, the old man’s music has become a "lovely" with ever-changing shapes.

My melody theme, Hello Kitty rescue car, Lingnabel, Cinnamoroll, Dumbo, Dingdang cat … put on their favorite color scheme and put up car stickers of various cartoon characters, as if they were dressed as another form of adult "dolls" instead of old people’s music.

Old people’s music is their creative canvas at will. /Little Red Book

In addition to the exterior decoration, the interior decoration can also be arranged at will. Foot pads, seat covers, steering wheel covers, car curtains … People who pay attention to old people’s music have to unify the theme, and the seats can be changed into rotating ones as long as you like.

Laodule is like a responsive Party B, you can have whatever you want.

Some people also released the interior raiders of the old man music. /Little Red Book @ Hanzai can only cook.

Many young people can’t reach the dream of luxury cars. As long as 20,000 yuan, the old man can also help you realize it.

Not long ago, at the new energy automobile exhibition held in Jinan, Shandong Province, the old men of major brands were happy to compete with each other. In addition to BBA, Laotoule also "recreated" the classic models of Lamborghini, Ferrari, Rolls-Royce, Bentley and other major brands.

At the same time of eye-opening, you can also play "looking for differences" by the way. For example, there is a Okumo in the logo of "aston martin" and a horse turns into a donkey in the coat of arms of "Porsche".

The old man’s version of "Cayenne". /bilibili @ hardcore planning

If luxury cars don’t please you, you can assemble them yourself.

From Mercedes-Benz’s Starlight Net, BMW’s steering wheel and GLS central control panel to mudguards, grille baffles, wheels and trunk mat, it’s like assembling a computer in Shenzhen Huaqiang North. You can find all the accessories for assembling an old man’s music at this exhibition.

What is there to be picky about?

The new energy automobile exhibition held in Jinan, Shandong Province, has all kinds of accessories for old people. /@ 京京京京京京京京京京京京京京京京

The old man is happy, and there are many appalling nicknames, such as "tripping tin box" and "moving urn"

On the road, the old man often behaves like an unscrupulous "extra-legal fanatic": running a red light, going backwards, changing lanes at will, switching between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicle lanes at will, and parking at will.

Therefore, some people ridiculed: "You think he bought the old man’s music, but in fact he bought it at large."

Are you afraid that the old man’s music can still drift?

The "wildness" of the old man’s music was laid from the beginning of his birth.

In the rural areas of 1980s and 1990s, the average travel radius of residents was about 40km, but the coverage of public transportation was not comprehensive. As a result, all kinds of three-wheeled agricultural vehicles, passenger "three hops" and disabled vehicles have become short-distance transportation tools for middle-aged and elderly people.

At the beginning of 2000, with the gradual popularization of lead-acid batteries, two-wheeled electric vehicles began to appear on the market, gradually replacing oil-burning motorcycles and laborious bicycles.

Many manufacturers of agricultural vehicles and tricycles have a brainwave: Why not build a four-wheeled electric vehicle that can carry people more than a two-wheeled electric vehicle, run faster than a tricycle, and shelter from the wind and rain?

Tang Guoqiang’s endorsement of Shandong Shifeng is not only a big factory of agricultural machinery, but also a big family of old people.

Four-wheeled electric vehicles have effectively solved the short-distance travel needs of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas, so that those middle-aged and elderly people with limited economic ability, low educational level and difficulty in obtaining a driver’s license have simple and cheap means of transportation.

Because it is deeply loved by the elderly, this four-wheeled electric car was later dubbed "Old Man Le".

The strong demand has even stimulated some provinces and cities to introduce policies to let the old people go on the road legally. As early as 2008, Liaocheng, Shandong Province became the first city to allow the old people to go on the road legally.

"All-Star" lineup of Shandong Laotoule brand. /Tuyuan Network

Since then, the old man’s music has opened a model of barbaric growth, and all kinds of old men’s music have mushroomed.

According to the data of Shandong Automobile Industry Association, since 2013, China’s low-speed electric vehicle market has maintained a high growth rate of more than 50% for several years in a row, and soon formed an industrial scale with an annual output of 1 million vehicles, 100 billion yuan of economic stimulus and about 1 million employees in the upstream and downstream.

Shandong, the "Cosmic Center" of Laotoule. /First Electric

The large market with a scale of 100 billion yuan has driven many small-scale "small workshop" enterprises to enter the low-speed electric vehicle market in an attempt to share a piece of the action.

In addition, many old people’s music is produced in the name of sightseeing bus, venue cars and elderly scooters, which can’t be licensed and is difficult to supervise. This makes the old man music industry more and more chaotic, and the product quality is mixed.

Many people take it for granted that the old man Le, which is similar in appearance to a car, is not exposed to the driver like a two-wheeled electric car, so it will be more secure in terms of safety.

Old people who can’t stand the collision are not safe.

Don’t forget, Laodule shoulders the heavy responsibility of "good quality and low price". Cost saving seems to be a higher criterion than safety.

Some people describe the old man’s music as a "moving plastic shell".

Understand that the car emperor once conducted a collision experiment between an old man Le and Wuling Hongguang MINI EV. At the moment of collision, the old man’s front windshield was immediately shattered, the front of the car was seriously damaged, and the glass slag was scattered all over the floor like a fairy.

Generally speaking, in order to prevent this from happening, the front windshield of a car should use double laminated glass. However, low-speed electric vehicles that are economical in production and lack standard supervision will not be produced according to automobile standards at all.

Look at how bad the old man’s music is made of. /@ understand the original car emperor

Before 2021, in order to reduce costs, many old people used lead-acid batteries.

Compared with the high performance of lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries are internationally recognized as backward technologies, with an energy density of only 60-90Wh/L and a cycle life of only 400-600 times.

In addition, the low-speed electric vehicle has not been optimized, and the lead-acid batteries are piled up in the front of the vehicle, which makes the vehicle counterweight extremely unreasonable, top-heavy and easy to roll over, and also reduces the safety of the vehicle to some extent.

Lead-acid batteries are rarely equipped with battery management system, even without overcharge and overdischarge protection, which is very easy to catch fire and spontaneously ignite.

Without unified standards, technical checks, formal qualifications and legal procedures, many old people are like a "road bomb" that may explode at any time.

At this point, the "magic weapon" of the old man’s music-no need for a driver’s license, low price and free modification … has become a risk that endangers driving safety.

Seemingly attractive selling point, hidden risk. /"Focus Interview"

With the process of urbanization, many old people have also entered the city from rural areas. The "wild" old man’s music has become an "urban nightmare" that scares people.

According to public data, in the six years from 2013 to 2018, there were as many as 830,000 traffic accidents caused by Lao Toule in China, resulting in 18,000 deaths and 186,000 injuries. In 2022 alone, there were 131 traffic accidents involving illegal electric tricycles and four-wheeled vehicles in Beijing, with 138 deaths.

There is an urban nightmare called "Old Man’s Joy".

All kinds of bloody accidents have made it an important task to regulate the old people’s music in various places.

In March, 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Minutes of the Meeting on the Standard Formulation of Low-speed Electric Vehicles, which revised the standard of four-wheel low-speed electric vehicles, which means that low-speed electric vehicles have been formally brought into formal management.

The core content of this standard has four points.

Beijing, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places have made corresponding regulations, or strictly managed in production and sales, or comprehensively strengthened management in traffic law enforcement.

Many cities have also put the plan to ban old scooters on the road on the agenda. The Beijing Traffic Management Bureau said that since January 1, 2024, illegal electric tricycles and four-wheeled vehicles are not allowed to drive on the road, and they are not allowed to park in public places such as roads, squares and parking lots.

Old people’s music neatly parked in a residential area in Beijing. /video screenshot

However, these measures have not stopped Laodule from continuing to expand its commercial territory. Dying old music manufacturers are still trying to seize the "lifeline" of young people.

Emma and Yadea, the old electric vehicle companies, have launched the younger Old Man Music one after another, designing more colorful colors and richer configurations in an attempt to seize the young people’s market.

Emma version of the old man music, with a large skylight, battery life of 120 kilometers. /Aiding Automobile

However, more and more new energy vehicles do not seem to be going to leave the old man happy.

In July 2020, Wuling Hongguang MINI EV was officially listed, with a starting price of only 28,800 yuan, while the price of an old man with a higher configuration ranged from 16,000 to 36,000 yuan.

Wuling Hongguang MINI EV has made a dimension-reducing attack on Lao Toule, which not only beats Lao Toule in price, but also leads the way in product strength and safety.

Wuling Hongguang MINI EV modified car.

According to the "China Electric Low-speed Vehicle Market Research Report in 2022" released by GGII, after the listing of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV in 2020, the output of low-speed electric vehicles in that year decreased by 140,000 to 710,000 compared with that in 2019, and even fell to 320,000 in 2021.

Driven by Wuling, Chery QQ Ice Cream, Geely Panda mini, Chang ‘an Lumin and many other miniature electric vehicles have started to cluster into this segment, trying to carve up the old man music market.

Many people complain about the old man who does whatever he wants.

Someone joked: "If this trend continues, the biggest competitive advantage of Laodule may only be that you don’t have to take a driver’s license test."

The old man’s music, which has been wandering in the "gray zone" for a long time, is doomed to complete its mission and withdraw from the historical stage one day.

reference data

[1] Having fun with the old man, I became the pride of the whole village.

[2] There is no capital outside the ban. "Old Man Le" may not be happy. Jiangsu Economic News

[3] How to manage "Old Man Le"? Think more about Zhonggong.com in advance.

[4] Five thousand dollars! Go to Shandong and buy a Porsche Sliffen Schlieffen.

Written by Jia Hui

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Original title: "The first batch of young people who started" Old Man Music "have been unable to quit"

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The cartoon of college entrance examination attracts attention. The prototype teacher is still working in the front line of college entrance examination.

  "In the last class before graduation, you can read books again, and I will look at you again." On June 8, an ink-and-wash cartoon in the composition of the college entrance examination attracted network attention and touched the hearts of many netizens. The reporter of Beiqing Daily learned that the author of the cartoon is a teacher of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangdong Province. The cartoon is based on his English teacher in high school and is intended to express the deep friendship between teachers and students in high school for three years. Li Guangning, the prototype teacher in the cartoon, is still working in the front line of the college entrance examination. He told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that he was very touched that his casual words could be remembered by students.

  Hot event

  Reproduce the last class of senior three.

  Comics become college entrance examination questions, causing concern.

  On June 7, 2019, the composition of the college entrance examination was announced. Among the three volumes of Chinese composition questions in the country, a vivid ink cartoon attracted the attention of netizens. The cartoon shows that in the last class before graduating from senior three, students are sitting at desks with a pile of books on them. In front of the desk, a teacher with round glasses and a white shirt was holding a roll of paper with his hand behind his back and said, "Last class before graduation, you can read again, and I’ll see you again."

  After the title of the composition was published, this cartoon immediately became popular on the Internet, and its simple picture and language touched the hearts of many netizens. "I cried when I read the cartoon. This kind of composition proposition is very warm, and what I wrote is true feelings," commented some netizens. Some students commented, "I am really touched, and I am afraid that I will cry." At the same time, some students found Weibo, the cartoonist, and sent a private letter to ask the cartoonist about his cartoon idea.

  On June 8, the reporter of Beiqing Daily learned that the cartoon originated from "Kobayashi Comics" and was first published on June 8, 2017. The writer is Lin Dihuan, a teacher of Sun Yat-sen University and vice chairman of Guangzhou Animation Artists Association. "I didn’t expect my cartoons to become college entrance examination questions," Lin Dihuan told the reporter of Beiqing Daily.

  Comic writer

  Strict teachers encourage students to make up for English.

  Painting to recall the friendship between teachers and students

  On the morning of June 8, Lin Dihuan told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that the prototype of the teacher in the painting was Li Guangning, his English teacher and head teacher when he was studying in Zhanjiang No.4 Middle School. "This painting is based on him. At that time, Teacher Li was very kind to me. Although she was very strict with our study, she was also very concerned about our life and life growth. "

  Before the college entrance examination in 2016, Lin Dihuan drew this cartoon when he remembered his previous college entrance examination experience and the words of Teacher Li’s "last lesson". "What Teacher Li said in those days was probably, ‘ You study hard to prepare for the college entrance examination. After the college entrance examination, you graduated and left the campus. The teacher wants to see you again. ’ I summed up what Mr. Li said in those years and drew it on a cartoon. "

  As for the idea of this cartoon, Lin Dihuan said that it has no special meaning and wants to express the deep friendship between teachers and students in high school for three years. "In high school, I was seriously biased, and I was very good at Chinese and mathematics. I won several national mathematics league awards, but my English was terrible and almost terrible. Unfortunately, our head teacher is Miss Li, who teaches English. His mantra is God damn you (meaning ‘ Ghosts hit you ’ ), later this sentence became the mantra among our classmates. "

  Lin Dihuan still remembers that once, when Mr. Li was commenting on the examination paper, he held up a piece of paper and said, "This classmate is wonderful. He scored 18 points out of 100, and I can get 25 points blindfolded. I am deeply disappointed with his English study and luck." And this classmate who scored 18 points is Lin Dihuan. "I was ashamed at the time." After this incident, Lin Dihuan worked hard to make up for English, and got the highest score in English in the six-year history of middle school in the college entrance examination, which was above the provincial average.

  Teacher prototype

  Still working in the front line of the college entrance examination

  The students’ achievements are gratifying to them.

  On the morning of June 8, Lin Dihuan posted his newly written "College Entrance Examination Composition" on the Internet. "Thousands of messages in the circle of friends are all for Kobayashi to write one by himself. This task is too difficult. In desperation, I can only hand over Kobayashi’s previous composition about teachers. Will it be a 0-point composition? Let’s evaluate it. " Lin Dihuan wrote in the article.

  In the article, Lin Dihuan wrote about the art enlightenment teacher in junior high school, and also wrote about Teacher Li who taught English. In his article, Lin Dihuan expressed his gratitude to Mr. Li, saying that all the sources of motivation for learning English came from gratitude to Mr. Li, and finally he was admitted to an ideal university as he wished.

  At noon on June 8, the reporter of Beiqing Daily contacted Mr. Li Guangning. At present, Li Guangning has become the Party branch secretary of Zhanjiang No.4 Middle School, and is responsible for the safety management of test sites in this year’s college entrance examination.

  Li Guangning told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that at noon on June 7, he received a phone call from his colleague, only to know that the cartoon prototype of this year’s national college entrance examination was him. When talking about the cartoonist Lin Dihuan, Li Guangning said that Lin Dihuan had excellent grades in high school, worked hard and had perseverance. Although Lin Dihuan works in Guangzhou, he will call him every time he returns to Zhanjiang.

  According to Li Guangning’s recollection, his students were about to take the college entrance examination during the review class that year. Thinking that students will enter the society in the future, he encouraged them to study hard, and at the same time, he missed the time spent with the students. "With the ninth graduating class, I communicate with them like friends, play basketball and eat. They are graduating soon, and I feel very nostalgic. "

  "We use a national volume in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, so we didn’t know that the cartoon prototype of the composition topic was me until noon yesterday. I feel very gratified that students can achieve such achievements through their own efforts. I am very touched that my own casual words can be remembered by students. " Li Guangning said.

  Text/reporter Li Tao Zhang Xi

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Talking about the military | Korea and Russia actively promote light tanks to India. Who can laugh at the end?

Recently, South Korea Hanwha Defense Company said that it is actively promoting the K21-105 light tank developed by the company to the Indian Ministry of Defence. According to the project request for proposal previously issued by the Indian Ministry of Defence, it is planned to purchase 350 light tanks for the Indian Army. At present, in addition to K21-105 from Hanwha Defense Company of South Korea, there is also 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 light tank from Russia.

Development course of K21-105 light tank

Strictly speaking, the K21-105 light tank belongs to one of the variants of the K21 infantry fighting vehicle in active service of the Korean Army. In other words, K21-105 light tank is actually developed on the basis of the chassis of K21 infantry fighting vehicle, and it should belong to the tank destroyer according to the internationally accepted design positioning. However, South Korea’s Hanwha Defense Company called K21-105 a "medium tank" externally, just playing a "word game".

The development of K21 infantry fighting vehicle began in 1999. At that time, the South Korean Army had not equipped its own infantry fighting vehicles, and the only one that could cooperate with the K1 series main battle tanks was the K200 series armored personnel carrier, which was weak in firepower and protection. In addition, through the "Brown Bear Project", South Korea obtained the first batch of 33 BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles with advanced performance from Russia, and had a more intuitive understanding of this main battle equipment of the army today. In this case, the Korean Army launched the first-generation domestic infantry fighting vehicle research and development project named KNIFV, which was undertaken by Daewoo Integrated Machinery Co., Ltd., the main contractor of K200 series armored personnel carrier.

K21-105 light tank on display at the defense exhibition.

Since then, Daewoo Integrated Machinery Co., Ltd. has been acquired by Doosan Group, and KNIFV infantry fighting vehicles are also included in the latter. In 2005, Doosan Group publicly demonstrated the prototype of KNIFV infantry fighting vehicle for the first time at Seoul Air Show. Two years later, KNIFV infantry fighting vehicle was put into mass production and officially named K21. The South Korean Army purchased more than 900 K21 infantry fighting vehicles in two batches and delivered them all in 2011. In order to expand the sales and market of K21 series infantry fighting vehicles, Doosan Group actively develops various variant vehicles based on this type of infantry fighting vehicle chassis, and K21-105 is one of them.

In the late 1990s, Sweden’s Heglon Defence Company (which has been acquired by British BAE Systems Company) developed a CV90120-T light tank equipped with a 120mm smoothbore gun on the basis of its classic CV90 infantry fighting vehicle. When equipped with the highest armor protection, the total combat weight of this type of tank is only 35 tons, which is almost half that of the German "Leopard" 2A7 main battle tank, but it has almost the same firepower as the latter, creating a precedent for developing light tanks based on infantry fighting vehicles.

When Doosan Group developed K21-105 light tank, it borrowed the general design idea of Swedish CV90120-T, that is, "small car carrying cannon". However, in order to control R&D costs and improve mobility and passing capacity, Doosan Group set the upper limit of the total combat weight of K21-105 light tank at 25 tons. Moreover, in order to reduce the development risk and shorten the development cycle, Doosan Group did not independently develop the firepower system, but directly adopted the CT-CV modular turret of CMI Company in Belgium. In this way, Doosan Group only needs to do a good job of matching the CT-CV modular turret with the chassis of K21 infantry fighting vehicle.

The K21-105 light tank is equipped with a 105mm gun.

In 2014, Doosan Group exhibited the prototype of K21-105 light tank for the first time, and actively promoted it to the Korean Army and other foreign users. Since then, Doosan Group was acquired by Hanwha Defense Company in 2016, and the latter took over the follow-up research and development and promotion of K21-105 light tank. The reason why Hanwha Defence Company calls K21-105 a "medium tank" is mainly to expand its market coverage and attract more potential users. However, measured by the data that the total combat weight of K21-105 is only 25 tons, it can only be regarded as a light tank.

Now, after several rounds of improvement, K21-105 light tank has reached the expected design performance, even better. However, this type of tank has never attracted the interest of the military of the country and other countries. The Swedish CV90120-T light tank, which is the first of its kind, is also "applauding and not calling for seats". Therefore, when the Indian Ministry of Defence proposed to purchase 350 light tanks in one breath, it was tantamount to a "pie in the sky" for the Korean Hanwha Defense Company.

Comparison between K21-105 and 2S25M

Of course, just like other military trade procurement bidding projects proposed by the Indian Ministry of National Defense, the light tank project has to go through several rounds of "confrontation" between bidders before it can be won or lost. Moreover, the conditions proposed by the Indian Ministry of Defence may also be very harsh. However, the first thing that Korea Hanwha Defense Company has to face is the challenge from the Russian 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 light tank.

Previously, the author once introduced the Russian 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 light tank in a column. Here, the author mainly analyzes and compares K21-105 and 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 light tanks.

Generally speaking, K21-105 and 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 are both developed based on the chassis of infantry fighting vehicles. Only K21-105 adopts K21 medium infantry fighting vehicle chassis, while 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 adopts extended version of BMD-4M airborne infantry fighting vehicle chassis. Therefore, the total combat weight of 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is only 18 tons, which is much lighter than that of K21-105. In addition, 2S25M "Octopus" -SDM1 is also equipped with a water-jet propulsion device, which has amphibious floating crossing capability, and its water speed is faster than that of K21-105.

2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is equipped with a 125mm gun.

Of course, the overall combat weight of K21-105 light tank is greater, which actually has the corresponding benefit, that is, the protection ability is stronger. With the highest armor protection module installed, K21-105 light tank can resist the attack of 30 mm tail stable shell-piercing projectile, while 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 can only resist the attack of 23mm Grenade at most. Therefore, the defense capabilities of the two are quite different.

Both K21-105 and 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 adopt advanced adjustable hydraulic and pneumatic suspension systems, which can realize the fore-and-aft pitching of the car body and match the pitching angle of the artillery, so they are very suitable for fighting in mountainous terrain. However, the artillery pitch angle of 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is only-5 ~+15, while that of K21-105 is-10 ~+42. Obviously, a larger pitch angle can make the K21-105 light tank give full play to its firepower strike capability, and even be used as an indirect aiming gun, and its operational flexibility is better than that of 2S25M Octopus -SDM1.

From the fire system, 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is equipped with a 125mm 2A75 musket, while K21-105 is equipped with a 105mm Cockerill 52 times diameter 105mm rifled gun. Simply from the caliber comparison, 2S25M "Octopus" -SDM1 seems to be dominant. In fact, the 2A75 smoothbore gun belongs to the reduced bore pressure version of the 2A46M1 125mm smoothbore gun equipped by the Soviet Union’s main battle tanks. Although it can use the same kind of bombs, it is much less powerful, especially for launching armor-piercing projectiles with stable tail fins.

On the other hand, K21-105 equipped with 105 mm rifling gun has increased the limit rifling pressure by 20% while maintaining the original rifling, trajectory and chamber volume of British L7 105 mm rifling gun. When launching M1060CV tail-fin armor-piercing projectile, it can penetrate 540 mm/60 homogeneous steel armor at a distance of 2000 meters. Therefore, the armor-piercing ability of K21-105 is better than that of 2S25M Octopus -SDM1. Moreover, Hanwha Defense Company of South Korea also equipped K21-105 light tank with Ukrainian-developed Faralicq laser beam gun-launched missile, which has a maximum range of 5,000m and armor-piercing capability greater than 550mm. In this way, K21-105 has the same capability of launching gun-launched missiles as 2S25M Octopus -SDM1.

K21-105 light tank adopts modular turret.

It should be noted that the K21-105 light tank uses a modular turret. If the Indian Ministry of Defence has the requirement of enhancing firepower, then the Hanwha Defense Company of South Korea, with the assistance of CMI Company of Belgium, can also replace the 105 mm rifle gun with a lightweight 120 mm rifle gun similar to the CV90120-T light tank.

In terms of fire control system, both K21-105 and 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 have the ability of "hunting-fighters". However, the current K21-105 light tank has been upgraded from the original CT-CV modular turret to the latest XC-8 turret, and the performance of the fire control system has been improved, with the ability to shoot while moving. The 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is equipped with the current mainstream "Pine Tree" -U multi-channel gunner sight and "Hawkeye" captain periscope. Generally speaking, the fire control system of K21-105 and C3I system have better performance.

In terms of power system, K21-105 light tank adopts D2840LXE turbocharged diesel engine (750 HP) developed by Doosan Group of Korea, and it can also be replaced with MTU-8V-199-TE20 twin turbocharged diesel engine (720 HP) of German MTU company according to user’s requirements. The 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is equipped with a UTD-29 turbocharged diesel engine with an output of 510 HP. Considering that the total combat weight of the two models is different, their maneuverability is basically the same. However, according to the requirements of Indian Ministry of Defence for use in plateau and mountainous areas, both K21-105 and 2S25M "Octopus" -SDM1 should be improved in power-transmission system.

2S25M Octopus -SDM1 is equipped with advanced fire control system, which has the ability of "hunting-fighters".

Analysis of bidding prospect

Judging from the requirements put forward by the Indian Ministry of Defence at present, it is not simply to purchase light tank products in bulk from a certain country, but to introduce patented technology for assembly and production in India. In this respect, Korea Hanwha Defense Company obviously has an advantage. At present, the company has cooperated with Larsen&Toubro in India, and is making every effort to produce the Indian version of K9 155mm self-propelled howitzer-"King Kong"-T. Therefore, Hanwha Defense Company of Korea expressed its willingness to continue to cooperate with Larsen&Toubro on the K21-105 light tank project to meet the requirements of Indian Ministry of Defence.

In addition, Hanwha Defense Company of South Korea also indicated that it will improve the K21-105 light tank according to the specific requirements put forward by the Indian Ministry of Defence, including further reducing the total combat weight and improving the configuration of each subsystem. Koreans’ active and cooperative marketing attitude is much better than that of arrogant Russian military enterprises. In addition, recently, a spokesman for the State Council in the United States repeatedly "named" India at a regular press conference, not to continue to purchase Russian weapons and equipment in large quantities, and even threatened the so-called "Counter-attack the American Enemy with Sanctions Act". These are the unfavorable factors that Russia 2S25M Octopus -SDM1 needs to face in bidding for Indian light tank project.