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Abstract □ Li Kaizhou

First, the knives used by ancient Chinese soldiers in the early days were all straight

After the movie "Embroidery Spring Knife · Shura Battlefield" was released, it achieved good box office results.

Like its sister work Embroidered Spring Blade I three years ago, the core story of this martial arts film still revolves around Daming Jinyiwei.

According to the "History of the Ming Dynasty · Official Records", the brocade-clothed guards were the royal armed forces. In addition to guarding the safety of the emperor, they were also in charge of arrest and imprisonment. "The sun, the sunset moon, the plowing, and the viewing of animals, they would wear flying fish clothes and embroidered spring swords, and they would serve around." Every large-scale court meeting and other important events, the brocade-clothed guards wore flying fish clothes and embroidered spring swords, and followed the emperor around.

That is to say, flying fish clothes and embroidered spring knives are the standard equipment of Jinyiwei in formal settings. If we go back to the Ming Dynasty and see someone wearing flying fish clothes and pulling out embroidered spring knives, don’t ask, it must be Jinyiwei. There is no doubt that in order to avoid trouble, we should hurry up and throw a girl!

Now let’s talk about the weapons in "Embroidery Spring Sword Shura Battlefield".

So far, the embroidered spring knife has only been found in written records, and there is no picture in the historical materials to describe the specific shape of this knife. The waist knife worn by the brocade-clothed guards in the Ming court painting "Police Entry" is likely to be the embroidered spring knife mentioned in the "History of the Ming Dynasty: Official Records", but we dare not guarantee it.

The embroidered spring knife in the movie is exquisite in workmanship and beautiful in shape. The handle is very straight, the blade body is narrow, the back is thick, the blade is thin, and the tail is slightly upturned, with a wonderful arc. This kind of knife is straighter than the waist knife depicted in "The Map of the Police Entering", and is more like the long knife depicted in the "Practical Discipline of Training" written by Qi Jiguang, a famous anti-Japanese general in the Ming Dynasty.

The knives used by ancient Chinese soldiers in the early days were straight, and they began to become more and more curved after the Song Dynasty. For example, the knives used by the cavalry of the Tang Dynasty were long and thick, with powerful chops and powerful stabs, but they were too heavy to hold. Soldiers controlled the horse with their left hand and held the knife with their right hand. If they were not strong enough, they would be unstable in holding the knife. Fortunately, there were many Central Asian Hu in the cavalry of the Tang Dynasty, who were tall and big, and were suitable for using this kind of heavy weapon. In the Song Dynasty, there were many more infantry than cavalry. Bows and crossbows were used in long-distance combat, and white blades were used in close combat. The lighter scimitars were gradually popularized. The sabers used by the Mongolian cavalry in the Yuan In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the Japanese samurai swords were long, curved and sharp, forcing the Ming Dynasty military swords to continue to reform and gradually develop in the direction of Japanese swords.

Second, what is the advantage of the scimitar?

What is the advantage of the scimitar compared to the long knife? In fact, the main thing is that it is more durable – in the past, the steel forging technology was not advanced enough, and it was difficult to balance strength and flexibility. If a knife was thick and strong, it would often be very brittle. If the knife slashed into the enemy’s helmet, the enemy was stunned, and his own knife was also folded. If it was flexible, it was too easy to bend. In ancient Rome, soldiers used that kind of straight and heavy iron sword to fight against the Persian scimitar. Whenever an enemy was hacked to death, they had to put the sword on the ground and step on it with their feet, which was very troublesome and dangerous. If it was cast into a scimitar, the rigidity could be stronger, and it was not afraid of breaking. Because the blade is convex, the contact surface with the slashed object is small, which is easier to cut than a straight knife. At the same time, due to the bending of the blade body and the center of gravity away from the handle, the inertia increases during slashing, and the lethality will be stronger.

Qi Jiguang has been at war with Japanese pirates for many years and once lamented the terrible lethality of Japanese swords: "Our soldiers are difficult to pick up short weapons, and long weapons are not good, and those who suffer from them have two more cuts." The shape of the knife is not as scientific as the Japanese knife, and the forging method is not as refined as the Japanese. If you take a domestic knife to block a Japanese knife, it will be cut in two by the Japanese knife. Therefore, Qi Jiguang improved the style and forging method of the military knife, making the "Qi family knife" famous all over the world.

In the movie, Shen Lian fought with Ding Baiying, a master under King Xin, and the embroidered spring knife he used at first may have been a domestic knife issued by the unit, which was cut off by Ding Baiying. Later, he returned home and took out an embroidered spring knife left by his father, and when he met Ding Baiying, he was no longer afraid. The knife Shen Lian used later was either Qi Jiguang’s improved Qi Family knife or a high-priced imported Japanese knife. According to Qi Jiguang’s "New Book of Ji Xiao", at that time, the domestic knife was seven or eight hundred yuan, and the Japanese knife was five thousand yuan, which was very expensive.

Third, the flare gun: a firearm invented by the Chinese

Of course, the weapons that appeared in "Embroidered Chun Knife · Shura Battlefield" were not only Embroidered Chun Knife, but also the meteor hammer used by Dongchang Eunuch Zheng and the mace used by Ding Baiying’s male disciple.

Qi Jiguang’s military book and another military book in the late Ming Dynasty, "Military Weapons Illustration", did not mention the mace, probably because this weapon was too heavy, mainly the equipment of Jurchen cavalry, not suitable for Ming Dynasty soldiers who mainly focused on city defense and positional warfare. Qi Jiguang invented a weapon similar to the mace, named "Kuan", which was made of bamboo or steel. In fact, it was a long stick with many half-foot-long spikes on the yaya branch, which was much lighter than the mace, but its lethality was not inferior to the mace.

Eunuch Zheng’s meteor hammer is also not seen in the Ming Dynasty military book, because the radius of this weapon is too large and the direction is unknown, it is easy to accidentally injure comrades. However, the movie added a very good idea to this weapon: many small holes are cut in the meteor hammer, and fuel is placed in it. As long as you blow it lightly, sparks will splash out, which can not only burn the enemy, but also illuminate in the dark night.

We Chinese are no less ingenious than foreigners, and we have had many inventions in weapons since ancient times, such as the invention of gunpowder and the flare gun. The property rights belong to the Chinese. The flare gun was originally invented by the people of the Southern Song Dynasty: fill the bamboo tube with gunpowder, ignite the medicine thread, and spray flame on the enemy.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the flamethrower was improved, and the bamboo tube was replaced by a metal tube, which could be used for a long time, and was named "flamethrower". In the Ming Dynasty, we were lagging behind. Shen Lian was repeatedly attacked by the musket team in "Shura Battlefield". Those muskets that resembled modern rifles were not invented by the Chinese, but were learned from the Portuguese and Japanese.

Qi Jiguang’s "Practical Practice of Soldiers" contains muskets, with a note: "This weapon was not originally available in China, but was passed down from the Japanese pirates. It is different from various firearms. It can be used to cave armor, can hit the shot, and the bow and arrow can not be used." China has long had flaring muskets, but there are no such muskets with triggers and launchers. It was because of fighting against the Japanese pirates that they learned to make muskets.

In the late Ming Dynasty, a famous firearm inventor named Zhao Shizhen appeared. After observing the Portuguese musket and the Japanese shotgun many times, he spent his life developing the Chinese version of the musket, and finally developed the "combined gun", "Xuanyuan gun", "three long guns", "Xunlei gun", "electric switch gun" and other shooting weapons. The shapes of these muskets are roughly the same, all composed of metal barrel, wooden butt, sight and igniter, and they are all prebore guns loaded with lead bullets from the front chamber. Before firing, you need to fill the gunpowder, load the lead bullets, and light the fire rope, and then fire a shot at an interval of about one or two minutes. And because there is no rifling in the gun chamber, the direction of the bullet when it flies out is inaccurate, making it difficult to hit the target accurately.

Loading the front chamber, not rifling, and igniting with a fire rope were common to all muskets in the world at that time. Therefore, until two hundred years after the invention of the musket, the traditional cold weapon still did not withdraw from the stage of history. In the movie, Shen Lian fled on horseback and fought back with a handheld crossbow while running. Dozens of musketeers actually failed to hit him, not because his protagonist’s aura was working, but because the musket was still very backward.

(According to the Beijing Youth Daily on July 26)

Deng Chao, the first person in the entertainment "abstract", has recently become popular on the Internet due to the clips in "Running Man". His eyes are as clear as a college student, and with inexplicable facial movements, he uttered an incomprehensible sentence of "Yabi < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk > < unk >. Even some netizens said that" I am funnier than his comedies ". The origin of Deng Chao’s name is also so funny, his birth is already very" dramatic ". On the variety show, he said that he was born in a divorced and reorganized family, because his parents had children before, and he was the fourth child in the family to belong to "Chaosheng", so he named him Deng Chao. Deng Chao had a lot of interesting things when he was young, and also a lot when he grew up, such as his love affair with Sun Li. The two became attached to each other because of the play, but they were not together when they were filming, so they were not very familiar. Once Sun Li sent him a message at night, "Are you asleep?", and then he began to fantasize about whether he was interested in her. Who would have thought that Sun Li went out and came back to find that the door where he lived was locked, and then saw that the light in his room was still on, so he wanted Deng Chao to do him a favor and call the security uncle to come down and open the door. There were many interesting things between Deng Chao and Sun Li, and they didn’t shy away from showing their love in public. When the two were on the show together, they were asked by the host if they were serious about being in love, and then they answered firmly "yes". You know that the two were popular at the time, and it was very brave to dare to say so. Getting married was also quite interesting. Some people said that it was Deng Chao’s most serious day, but Huo Jianhua, who attended the wedding, may not think so, because the people at the same table as him were all hosts. Huo Jianhua is famous for not being "social phobic", so sitting with the host must be more restless, right? He also talked about this when he was on the show later, saying that since Deng Chao, the first person to "abstract" in internal entertainment, he recently became popular on the Internet due to the clips in "Running Man". His eyes were as clear as a college student, and with inexplicable facial movements, he said an incomprehensible "Yabi embarrassed". What’s even more surprising is that even after watching the full program, there is still no way to understand why he suddenly did this. This is what netizens call "abstract". Deng Chao has too many "jokes", and I feel that the netizens have excavated less than 1% of him.Some people even say that "I am funnier than his comedies." Deng Chao’s name is also so funny, and his birth was already very "dramatic". On variety shows, he said that he was born in a divorced and reorganized family, because his parents had children before, and as the fourth child in the family, he belonged to "Chaosheng", so he named him Deng Chao. Deng Chao had a lot of interesting things when he was young, and when he grew up, he also had a lot of interesting things, such as his relationship with Sun Li. The two became attached to each other because of the play, but they were not together when they were filming, so they were not very familiar. Once Sun Li sent him a message at night, "Are you asleep?" Then he began to fantasize about whether he was interested in her. Who would have thought that when Sun Li went out and came back, he found that the door of the place where he lived was locked, and then saw that the light in his room was still on, so he wanted Deng Chao to do him a favor and ask the security uncle to come down and open the door. There were a lot of interesting things between Deng Chao and Sun Li, and he didn’t shy away from showing his love in public. When the two were on the show together, they were asked by the host if they were serious about love, and then they answered "yes" firmly. You know that the two were popular at that time, and they were very brave to say so. It was quite interesting when they got married. Some people said that it was Deng Chao’s most serious day, but Huo Jianhua, who attended the wedding, may not think so, because the people at the same table as him were the hosts. Huo Jianhua is famous for not being "socially afraid", and sitting with the host must be more restless, right? He also talked about this when he was on the show later, saying that since Deng Chao, the first person in the "abstract" of internal entertainment, he recently became popular on the Internet due to the clips in "Running Man". His eyes were as clear as a college student, and with inexplicable facial movements, he said an incomprehensible "Abbie embarrassed". What’s more surprising is that even after watching the full program, he still couldn’t understand why he suddenly did this. This is what netizens call "abstract". Deng Chao has too many "jokes", and I feel that the netizens have excavated less than 1% of him. Some even say that "I am funnier than his comedies". The origin of Deng Chao’s name is also so funny, and his birth has been very "dramatic". On the variety show, he said that he was born in a divorced and reorganized family, because both parents had children before, and as the fourth child in the family, he belonged to "Chaosheng", so he named him Deng Chao. Deng Chao had a lot of interesting things when he was young, and when he grew up, he also had a lot of love affairs, such as his relationship with Sun Li. The two became attached because of the play,But they weren’t together when they were filming, so they weren’t very familiar at that time. Once, Sun Li sent him a message at night, "Are you asleep?" Then he began to fantasize about whether he was interested in her. Who would have thought that Sun Li went out and came back to find that the door of the place where he lived was locked, and then saw that the light in his room was still on, so he wanted to ask Deng Chao to do a favor and ask the security uncle to come down and open the door. There are many interesting things between Deng Chao and Sun Li, and they are not shy about showing their love in public. When the two were on the show together, they were asked by the host if they were serious about falling in love, and then they answered firmly "yes". To know that the two were popular at that time, it was very brave to dare to say so. Getting married is also quite interesting. Some people say that it was Deng Chao’s most serious day, but Huo Jianhua, who attended the wedding, may not think so, because the people at the same table as him are all the hosts. Huo Jianhua is famous for not being "socially afraid", and sitting with the host must be more restless, right? He also talked about this when he was on the show later, saying that since Deng Chao, the first person to entertain "abstract", he recently became popular on the Internet due to a clip in "Running Man". His eyes were as clear as a college student, and with inexplicable facial movements, he uttered an incomprehensible "Abby is embarrassed". What’s even more surprising is that even after watching the full episode of the show, there is still no way to understand why he suddenly did this, which is what netizens call "abstract". Deng Chao has too many "jokes", and I feel that the netizens have dug up less than 1% of him, and some even say that "I am funnier than his comedies". Deng Chao’s name is also so funny, and his birth is already very "dramatic". On the variety show, he said that he was born in a divorced family, because his parents had children before, and he was the fourth child in the family to be "super born", so he named him Deng Chao. Deng Chao had a lot of interesting things when he was young, and also a lot when he grew up, such as his relationship with Sun Li. The two became attached to each other because of the play, but they were not together when they were filming, so they were not very familiar at that time. Once, Sun Li sent him a message at night, "Are you asleep?" Then he began to fantasize about whether he was interested in her. Who would have thought that Sun Li went out and came back to find that the door of the place where he lived was locked, and then saw that the light in his room was still on, so he wanted to ask Deng Chao to do a favor and ask the security uncle to come down and open the door. There were many interesting things between Deng Chao and Sun Li, and he did not shy away from showing his love in public.When the two were on the show together, they were asked by the host "is love serious", and then they answered "yes" firmly. It must be known that the two of them were popular at that time, and they were very brave to say so. It was also quite interesting when they got married. Some people said that it was Deng Chao’s most serious day, but Huo Jianhua, who attended the wedding, may not think so, because the people at the same table as him were all hosts. Huo Jianhua is famous for not "social fear", and sitting with the host must be more restless. He also talked about this when he was on the show later, saying that since Deng Chao, the first person in the "abstract" of internal entertainment, recently became popular on the Internet due to the clips in "Running Man". His eyes were as clear as a college student, and with his inexplicable facial movements, he uttered an incomprehensible sentence of "Abbie embarrassed". What was even more surprising was that even after watching the entire program, he still couldn’t understand why he suddenly did this. This is what netizens call "abstract"

Responsible editor:

Meituan, which went public in Hong Kong in 2018, is finally going to enter the Hong Kong market after five years of listing.

The First Financial Reporter logged in to Meituan’s relevant website to check and found that users can already fill in the relevant personal information to sign up for Meituan Hong Kong delivery staff. The reporter also noticed that Meituan opened the "Meituan delivery staff" channel on the instant message software Telegram in early February this year, and released the first message on the afternoon of February 20, giving the introduction of Meituan delivery staff and the recruitment registration link.

According to the introduction, Meituan divides the delivery staff into "riders" and "infantry". "Riders" need to be at least 18 years old, have a motorcycle, a valid driver’s license, a driving license and car liability insurance, and need to have safety equipment. "Infantry" can be at least 16 years old. Both require qualifications for life in Hong Kong and communication equipment. As of press time, the channel has more than 2,000 subscribers.

In addition, the first financial reporter checked on the Hong Kong talent recruitment website and found that Meituan has recently posted positions for business development personnel and key account managers related to takeout.

Regarding the entry into the Hong Kong takeaway market, the first financial reporter asked Meituan about this, but Meituan has not responded as of press time.

A Hong Kong user showed her commonly used takeaway app to First Financial Reporter

Hong Kong’s takeaway market is yet to be developed

According to local consumer feedback, Meituan has a lot of room to explore when entering Hong Kong.

A person who works on the main island of Hong Kong Island told First Financial Reporter that the takeaway market in Hong Kong currently mainly includes Deliveroo (household delivery) and Foodpanda two major platforms. Previously, Uber Eats, the Uber takeaway service, did not gain a foothold in the Hong Kong market and finally left the market. Among them, Deliveroo is a British food delivery platform. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the company’s orders in overseas regions fell by 5%, while orders in the UK and Ireland local markets rose. Foodpanda’s parent company is Delivery Hero in Germany. It is reported that it will achieve profitability in 2023. Delivery Hero is considering adjusting some markets, including South East Asia.

She concluded to reporters that the labor cost in Hong Kong is high, so the delivery fee of Hong Kong takeaway is high. In addition, there are pain points such as long delivery time, average user experience of takeaway packaging and distribution services, and insufficient coverage of cooperative merchants.

For example, in some takeaway packaging details, even some good merchants are often poorly packaged, unsealed, and often spilled. In addition, whether it is a large restaurant or a small restaurant, the delivery is slow, and the delivery takes more than 40 minutes. In case of bad weather such as rain, it takes 1-2 hours or even longer. In terms of delivery fees, even if the distance is very close, it costs about 35 yuan. Some restaurants need to spend 200-300 yuan at a time to enjoy free delivery. In addition, users can get certain discounts by buying a takeaway membership every month (about 100 Hong Kong dollars).

In addition to the delivery platform, there are also Hong Kong consumers who have reported to reporters that many restaurants will deliver their own goods. "According to the delivery fee, the delivery fee for the closer distance is about 8 Hong Kong dollars, and the freight for the farther distance ranges from more than 10 Hong Kong dollars to more than 40 Hong Kong dollars. Some restaurants will give free delivery if they hold events." Overall, consumers believe that the current delivery service in Hong Kong is not convenient.

In addition, Hong Kong consumers’ user habits are also different. In an interview with the First Financial Reporter, many Hong Kong consumers said that unlike mainland netizens who have become accustomed to ordering takeout on mobile phones, Hong Kong’s streets are close, restaurants are densely distributed, and it is very convenient for people to eat out. Therefore, the consumption habits and demand of takeout are relatively "mild". Therefore, it seems that the service of the takeaway industry is not advancing so fast, but I believe that the Hong Kong takeout market will be "rolled up" after more competitors enter, and it is expected that there may be a subsidy war. Delivery fees are also expected to decline.

Another consumer told reporters, "Most people like to go to restaurants to eat, fresh and cheap. There are also people who choose takeout. If there is a subsidy or it is cheaper, more people will definitely be willing to use it."

Income up to HK $35,000

From the salary given by Meituan’s official website, Meituan may not worry about finding riders after entering Hong Kong.

The reporter checked the information and saw that Meituan Hong Kong riders’ income is composed of three parts: delivery service fee, group reward (including delivery on time rate, order completion rate, order receiving rate and other indicators) and event reward. To encourage registration, Meituan gave a welcome reward. New deliverymen have "single prize activities" within 14 days after successful registration, and have the opportunity to earn an additional HK $2,500 during this period.

Some people calculate that based on the delivery of about two orders in one hour, assuming that the deliveryman has completed 500 orders and received all the rewards in the month, the maximum income can reach 35,000 Hong Kong dollars. In contrast, according to public data, the median monthly income of employed people in Hong Kong in the second quarter of last year was 20,000 yuan (excluding foreign domestic helpers).?

Judging from the delivery situation of mainland riders, a single rider can deliver more than 900 orders per month. Meituan rider at a site in Tongzhou District, Beijing told the First Financial Reporter that the average daily delivery order volume of riders at the site is about 30 orders, that is, a single rider can reach 900 orders per month. If during the peak period of holidays, the average daily delivery order volume of each delivery staff will reach 40 orders.

However, giving high income also means that the company needs to bear high rider expenses. Coupled with the price war and subsidy war when entering new markets, Meituan is expected to still burn money when entering the Hong Kong market. How much cake can be grabbed from Deliveroo (household delivery) and Foodpanda tests Meituan’s comprehensive operation ability, and Meituan’s performance in the Hong Kong market may also directly affect its Hong Kong investors.

In fact, from the perspective of time, Meituan has been planning to enter the relevant market for a long time. Previously, in the third quarter of 2022 earnings call, Wang Xing responded that Meituan will continue to explore the Chinese mainland market and will also go to other regions. At present, Meituan’s market test in Hong Kong is not large, and there are differences in services between the two places. The team also needs to adjust the existing business model to cope with the new market.

In October last year, Meituan’s official recruitment platform showed that many of the overseas business-related positions under recruitment were marked with Hong Kong in the base column, and the recruitment requirements indicated that "Cantonese and English can be used as working languages are preferred". Most of the business positions belong to the home business group, that is, the business group where the takeaway business is located.

However, from the financial report, Meituan has not yet achieved balance in the distribution part. Taking the third quarter of 2022 financial report as an example, Meituan’s distribution service revenue reached 20.10 billion yuan in the quarter, while the distribution-related costs reached 22.50 billion yuan.

From the perspective of competition, the competition in the takeaway market is intensifying. In February, Douyin said that the takeaway business in cooperation with Ele.me is currently being carried out in some pilot cities. At the same time, Douyin’s "group buying and distribution" project is still being piloted in Beijing, Shanghai and Chengdu. Recently, merchants in these three cities have been opened to self-service. In the future, depending on the pilot situation, we will consider gradually expanding the pilot cities; not long ago, the WeChat platform also launched "store delivery" cut-in takeaway service in some cities, which means Meituan will face multi-party competition.

　　On June 19, Tencent Holdings announced that the company repurchased 2.60 million shares on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on June 19, 2024, at a cost of 1.003 billion Hong Kong dollars, and the average repurchase price was about 385.66 Hong Kong dollars based on the number of repurchases and costs; according to the disclosure, the highest repurchase price was 391.00 Hong Kong dollars, and the lowest repurchase price was 378.40 Hong Kong dollars.

　　It is understood that Tencent Holdings has repurchased 102 million shares in the past three months, accounting for 1.08% of the company’s issued share capital.

(Data source: iFinD)