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How did Vietnam abandon Chinese characters？

As we all know, in history, with the spread of Chinese culture, Chinese characters have also spread to Vietnam, the Korean Peninsula, Japan and other surrounding areas, becoming a kind of super-national characters that are popular in the "Chinese character cultural circle". But now, only China and Japan are the countries that strictly adopt Chinese characters. On the surface, Viet Nam and the Korean Peninsula have withdrawn from the cultural circle of Chinese characters. Especially in Vietnam, Chinese characters have been abolished for nearly a hundred years, and Latin characters have become the official languages of their country, which is embarrassing.

The spread of "Confucianism"

In 111 BC, the Han army took up the third route and perished in South Vietnam, which was divided into Lingnan in the war at the end of Qin Dynasty. Seven counties were set up in its hometown, among which Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen and Rinan were in today’s Vietnam. At first, the residents here were completely unfamiliar with Central Plains culture. The so-called "where the toes are unified, although the county is located, but the words are different, retranslation is the pass." From the names of counties set in the Western Han Dynasty, we can also see the leopard. Among the 17 counties in Jiaozhi and Jiuzhen County, only Anding belongs to the Chinese name of "Xi Yi Jia Ming", such as "Beidai, Xiyu, Xupu, Wuqie and Wubian", which are obviously transliteration of Chinese characters in the local dialect.

County names of Jiaozhi in the Western Han Dynasty

However, during the long "county period" (from 111 BC to 939 AD, Vietnam called it "the northern period"), groups of Han Chinese moved to Vietnam, including lords, officials, businessmen, craftsmen, old ministers who fell out of power and criminals … "The Xiongwang culture (native to Vietnam) developed to the early AD and seemed to suddenly stagnate. No matter where archaeologists dig their hoes, they find Chinese-style ancient brick tombs all over the country, and the funerary objects are also Chinese-style … "In the Three Kingdoms period, Xu Jing, a celebrity, chose to take a boat from Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) to escape the war, and passed through Guangdong and Fujian provinces all the way, but it was a wilderness in his eyes. Only after reaching the intersection of" a vast territory and a large population "can he be regarded as seeing the" land of Han "again.

When the Han people went south, the Chinese style gradually rose. Ren Yan and Xi Guang of the Han Dynasty "established schools in Jiuzhen and Jiaozhi respectively, guiding the classics and righteousness", and Chinese characters were subsequently introduced into Vietnam. At the beginning, Chinese characters were spread in Vietnam to meet the needs of spreading Confucian culture, so Chinese characters were also called "Confucian characters" in Vietnam.

After the Sui Dynasty pioneered the imperial examination to select scholars, Tang inherited the Sui system and passed the imperial examinations such as Jinshi and Mingjing, recruiting talents extensively. In addition to the official schools run by the imperial court in Annan counties, various private schools and township schools have also developed greatly. This played a vital role in the spread of Chinese characters in Annan, so that a "Chinese-Vietnamese sound" was formed in Vietnamese-each Chinese character has a corresponding pronunciation of "Chinese-Vietnamese sound", which of course carries the pronunciation of the Central Plains Chinese in the Tang Dynasty. For example, in the History of the Old Five Dynasties, it was recorded that "in the first year of Kaiping (the back beam), the supervisor of the Department of Heaven said that the word’ E’ was changed to’ Wu’", indicating that the pronunciation of the Central Plains at that time had changed, because the taboo began to pronounce’ E’ as’ Wu’; In the Sino-Vietnamese pronunciation, the pronunciation of "mau" and "vu" is still completely different.

In the Tang Dynasty, the Chinese character attainments of Annam scholars had reached a very high level. Jiang Gongfu, a native of Rinan County, Aizhou (now Anding County, Qinghua Province, Vietnam), was a typical representative of Annam scholars’ highest achievements in the Central Plains Imperial Examination. This person Jinshi and Tang Dezong, when the official to advise adults, with the book door flat chapter. Quantang Wen contains his Advice to the Truth and the incomplete Bai Yun Chun Hai Fu. Jiang Gongfu’s level in Chinese culture can be regarded as the pride of many intellectuals and politicians in the Central Plains, and Vietnamese theorists even respect him as "Annan’s eternal literary Sect".

Jiang Gongfu, "Annam’s Eternal Literati Sect"

An attempt to "whisper words"

In the tenth century, Vietnam stood on its own feet with its border vassals. But at this time, after more than 1000 years of infiltration of China culture, Chinese characters have been deeply rooted in all fields of Vietnamese society. In 1070, the Li Dynasty in Vietnam established the Confucian Temple in Shenglong City. In 1076, the imperial academy was built by the Confucian Temple in the Li Dynasty, which was dedicated to the education of Chinese characters and Chinese culture for the children of royalty and dignitaries. Later, the educational target was gradually expanded, and it was also attended by talented children in cloth. In 1075, Vietnam opened the imperial examination for the first time, and since then it has become an important way to take scholars in the past dynasties. The content, form and organization of the imperial examination are all based on China. In the history of more than 800 years of scientific examination in Vietnam, there are as many as 2,818 scholars.

As the orthodox script of Vietnam’s feudal country, Chinese characters gradually cultivated and improved Vietnam’s academic and literary traditions. Li Taizu’s imperial edict to move the capital is considered to be the earliest existing historical document and written literary work in Vietnam. The famous historical classics such as Li Wenxiu’s Dayue Historical Records, Pan Fuxian’s Dayue Historical Records, and Wu Shilian’s Dayue Historical Records are also written in Chinese characters. It can be said that the history of Vietnam is recorded and handed down by Chinese characters.

Vietnam’s national history "Da Yue Shi Ji Quan Shu"

However, like Japan and the Korean Peninsula, Viet Nam has also encountered a problem in the use of Chinese characters: "The pronunciation of the country is unusual in China", that is, Chinese characters cannot express their language completely and accurately. Japan and Korea solved this problem by developing "Wanye Kana" and "Official Reading" which use Chinese characters as phonetic symbols respectively, and finally formed their own phonetic characters-Hiragana/Katakana and "Xunmin Zhengyin". Vietnam is another way, which is "word nan", which means "the word of the south"

In the 13th century, the word "nan" has been systematized and used in literary works. Hu Jili, the emperor of the Hu Dynasty (1400-1407), once translated "The Book of History without Escape" into Professor Nan’s maid-in-waiting; Nguy?n Hu? of Xishan Dynasty (1771-1792) stipulated that the third test of each subject required candidates to answer with words. From the first half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century, with the advent of classical works such as "Ode to a Woman", "Ode to a Palace Complain" and "Biography of Jin Yun Qiao", the literature of Ci Nan reached its peak.

However, Zinan is based on Chinese characters, borrowed from the whole Chinese characters or their radicals, and created by using the methods of pictophonetic sound, knowing and borrowing in Chinese characters. The composition of each character requires one or several Chinese characters, and whether it is compounded by pictophonetic, knowing or borrowing methods, it is mostly read by Chinese pronunciation, such as the word "Wu", which is written as "Nan Wu", with "nam" as the phonetic symbol and "Wu" as the semantic symbol. In fact, this is no different from the "hen" created in early vernacular Chinese and the "wo" made in Guangfu dialect, which is essentially a supplement to Chinese characters. It can even be considered that Chinese characters and word nan are actually just one word, because the structural components of words are exactly the same.

Literary works of word nan

Therefore, to learn Chinese characters, you must first learn Chinese characters. However, compared with Chinese characters, word nan is more difficult to read, write and remember, which makes it impossible for this kind of "southern word" to enter the folk who are not familiar with Chinese characters. As for the elite who were born in the imperial examination and mastered Chinese characters, they were more willing to use Confucian characters, which carried the way of sages. Therefore, the word nan never replaced the position of Chinese characters.

Unintentionally inserted "Mandarin characters"

In fact, as early as a century before the Xishan Dynasty attempted to popularize the word "Nan", another kind of writing which was completely different from Chinese characters (and "Nan") appeared. Two Catholic missionaries from Italy and Portugal came to Da Nang on January 18th, 1615, and established a church, which initiated the western missionaries to preach in Vietnam. These missionaries brought some advanced western knowledge and novel commodities, and knew how to use magical western medicine to cure diseases and exorcise evil spirits, so they were attractive and developed more and more Christians.

In order to spread the "Gospel" of God in East Asia as soon as possible, the early Western missionaries followed the precedent set by the famous Matteo Ricci and actively studied the local culture. However, unlike Matteo Ricci, who took the upper line of scholar-officials, later missionaries were basically illiterate people at the bottom, so they began to record Vietnamese with their own Latin alphabet.

Alexandre de Rhodes, a French missionary, compiled a Vietnamese-Portuguese-Latin Dictionary in 1651, which is regarded as an important symbol of the emergence of Ch Qucn. Du Guangzheng, a Vietnamese priest, came to the conclusion after careful investigation and study: "The current Mandarin characters were jointly created by many Catholic priests who were active in Vietnam in the 17th century (in silent cooperation with some Vietnamese believers). In a nutshell, they used the Latin alphabet, borrowed the sounds of Portuguese, Italian and Greek to a certain extent, and combined them to create the words we used. "

A similar situation occurred in the southeast coast of China after the Opium War. At that time, missionaries created several Roman characters according to local dialects in order to preach among the people, and the most influential Minnan dialect "Peh-o-j:" was used until the 20th century. Just like the situation in the southeast coast of China, Mandarin characters were originally used only in religious occasions, for translating the Bible and compiling teaching materials. What really changed its status was the French aggression.

In 1858, the French army shelled Da Nang, opened the door of Vietnam, and turned the whole Vietnam into its colony in nearly 30 years. The invaders regarded Chinese characters as a historical and cultural link between China and Vietnam and an obstacle to French colonial rule, so they forced the use of Mandarin characters, threatening that "when this kind of Chinese characters incompatible with progress is still the only tool for exchanging ideas, the only way to promote transformation is to develop French-Annan schools and replace Chinese characters with Latin letters". In 1917, the French colonial authorities brazenly ordered the complete abolition of Chinese character education in schools; In July, 1919, Hue’s puppet court issued the Royal Imperial Imperial Imperial edict to abolish the imperial examination, and Chinese characters (and the characters attached to them) were forced to withdraw from the historical stage of Vietnam.

However, the French’s purpose is only to "first replace (Chinese characters) with the characters called’ national language’ spelled by European letters, and then replace them with French". The use of Mandarin characters is limited to the bilingual education of Vietnamese and French in the lower grades of primary school, and French is in a dominant position in the upper grades of primary school and above middle school. "After a long period of time, in the distant future, it (Vietnamese) may die out, leaving some words for the future French of this country. Just as the Guarani language contributed many words to Brazilian Portuguese, the colonists have already made such a clamor.

Although the invaders’ attitude towards Mandarin characters is that the meaning of drunkenness is not in the wine, the Mandarin characters themselves are not blameless. For example, there is no F, but ph is used instead, D is used to represent Z, while the common D is in Mandarin characters. But after all, it is easy to learn and understand, so it has become a favorable tool for national people to spread revolutionary ideas and strive for national independence. On September 2, 1945, in Bating Square, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh read the Declaration of Independence written by himself in Mandarin, solemnly proclaiming the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

Vietnamese dong ("Republican socialist Vietnam").

Then, in a very short time, Mandarin characters became the official language of Vietnam. Article 18 of the Constitution promulgated in 1946 even stipulates: "The elected person must be a citizen with the right to vote, at least 21 years old, and must be able to read and write Mandarin." It seems that this can not be completely attributed to the "de-sinicization" under nationalism. After all, Ho Chi Minh is familiar with Chinese, and the name of another leader, the Long March, comes directly from these two Chinese characters. What’s more, at that time, even Chairman Mao Zedong once thought that "Pinyin writing is a more convenient form of writing. Chinese characters are too complicated and difficult. At present, they are only simplified and reformed, and one day they will be fundamentally reformed. " (Selected Letters of Mao Zedong, p. 454)

Vietnamese temples with Chinese characters written on them

In today’s Vietnam, the official position of Mandarin characters has been unshakable, while Zinan has become a dead languages that only a few experts can read. As for Chinese characters, they still accidentally exist in the study of Vietnamese monks and nuns-after all, the classics of Chinese Buddhism are written in Chinese. In the past, Mandarin characters entered Vietnam through religion, and today Chinese characters exist in Vietnam through religion, which may be the strangeness of history.

References:

Su Caiqiong: The Changes of Vietnamese Characters and the Development of National Consciousness, Master’s Degree Thesis of Jinan University, 2010.

Liang Maohua: A Study on the Development History of Vietnamese Characters, Doctoral Dissertation of Zhengzhou University, 2014.

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Corporate borrowing employees ＂back the pot＂？

　　Reading tips

　　Some enterprises borrow money in the name of employees in the case of operational difficulties or obstacles in direct financing. Similar situations include the company asking employees to guarantee loans, the company asking employees to act as shareholders or legal representatives in name, and the company borrowing loans through employee accounts. After this kind of dispute is brought to court, it is often difficult to judge the actual borrower only by the flow of money because of the complexity of the case, and employees’ rights protection faces difficulties.

　　Enterprises find employees for help, saying that borrowing in the name of employees can bring enterprises back to life and pay wages. Borrow or not?

　　Yangliu chose to borrow. But things didn’t go as she expected. Soon after, the business was abnormal, and Yangliu had to help the company repay the loan of nearly 300,000 yuan.

　　Some enterprises sometimes borrow money in the name of employees when they have difficulties in operation or encounter obstacles in direct financing. Once a dispute occurs, it may cause serious damage to the interests of employees. Meng Yuping, a legal expert of Liaoning Labor and Personnel Dispute Research Association, reminded workers that although enterprises and employees are a community of interests and should share weal and woe, they should be clear about the corresponding legal risks and pay attention to safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests.

　　Employees borrow online loans to tide over difficulties for enterprises.

　　37,926 yuan, which is the total amount of online loans that Yangliu has to pay back every month.

　　Yangliu is a lecturer in an education and training institution in Dalian, working for 7 years. Since June 2020, the company’s capital chain has been broken and wages cannot be paid. Under the persuasion of the person in charge of the company, she borrowed nearly 300,000 yuan from online lending platforms such as Alipay Online Commercial Loan, Huayuan, Jingdong Finance and 360 IOUs in her own name to maintain the company’s operation. There are still five old employees who borrowed like her.

　　"No matter how difficult the company is, it will definitely guarantee the repayment of old employees." The person in charge of the training institution said. In January 2021, the person in charge told Yang Liu and others that they needed to find their own way to repay the loan. "It has been overdue for two months, my credit information has been damaged, and the calls for debt collection have been made to my parents’ homes." Yang Liu said that she is 36 years old and has two children at home. The monthly repayment is overwhelming her.

　　In March this year, several employees signed a loan agreement with the company, making it clear that the company would pay the corresponding amount for repayment every month. But the company stopped after only two months of payment.

　　"I joined this company just after graduation, and the boss is also very good to our employees. All the benefits are available." Yang Liu believes that she has a deep friendship with the enterprise and is willing to tide over the difficulties together.

　　Meng Yuping said that it is difficult to win the case that such employees help enterprises borrow money with their true will. "Employees are all people with full capacity for civil conduct. If they sign a word and borrow money, they will be responsible for their actions and bear the corresponding legal risks."

　　In reality, it is difficult to judge whether an enterprise borrows money in the name of employees. In June 2019, Zhang Zhuangye and others lost the case in the second instance. Since March 2016, Zhang Zhuangye and others have borrowed more than 2 million yuan in their own names and transferred them to the company account. The company agreed to give Zhang Zhuangye and others an annual interest of 10%. At the same time of many transfers, some loans were left as bonuses in the accounts of Zhang Zhuangye and others.

　　After trial, the local court held that Zhang Zhuangye made a profit by borrowing interest, and at the same time did not transfer all the loans to the company for use. It was impossible to prove that the company borrowed in the name of employees, so Zhang Zhuangye and others lost the case.

　　The reporter learned that there are similar situations in which the company borrows money from employees to guarantee, the company makes employees "nominal" as shareholders or legal representatives of the company, and the company borrows loans through employee accounts … … There are many cases of transferring the loan risk to employees.

　　The point of dispute is "whether it is true will"

　　Article 11 of the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Private Lending Cases (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), which came into effect on January 1, 2021, stipulates that if a legal person or an unincorporated organization raises funds from employees in the form of loans for the production and operation of the unit, and there is no illegal act, if the parties claim that the private lending contract is valid, the people’s court shall support it. It is not illegal for an enterprise to borrow money from employees for business operation, so "whether employees really want to borrow money to help the enterprise" has become the controversial point of this kind of dispute.

　　"I didn’t agree at first, until we said we wanted to transfer posts, and we nodded one after another." Zhang Zhuangye said. As employees of the enterprise, in order to keep the "rice bowl", we have to agree to the requirements of the enterprise.

　　In the course of the lawsuit, the company took out the "share agreement" of Zhang Zhuangye and others, claiming that they transferred the money to the company for "share participation" and there was also a "bonus" to pay dividends. Zhang Zhuangye found that the agreement had its own signature every time. "The enterprise said it was necessary for financial transfer, and I didn’t read it carefully at all." Zhang Zhuangye said.

　　Zhang Zhuangye’s son is in the second grade of junior high school, and his wife does odd jobs at home. His monthly family income is 9,000 yuan, his existing family savings are 540,000 yuan, and his own house is valued at nearly 1 million yuan. After it was difficult to prove that he was not really willing to borrow money, at the second trial, Zhang Zhuangye appealed on the grounds that he obviously did not have the ability to lend. After trial, the court held that whether to borrow or not has nothing to do with the current economic situation, and banks can borrow or not if they have deposits. At the same time, it is difficult to prove that Zhang Zhuangye obviously does not have the ability to lend.

　　Article 18 of the Regulations makes it clear that when people’s courts try disputes over private lending, they should strictly examine the reasons, time, place, source of money, delivery method, flow direction of money, the relationship between borrowers and borrowers, economic situation and other facts, and comprehensively judge whether it is a false civil lawsuit.

　　A judge who often hears such disputes in Shenyang said that in reality, such disputes are often complicated, and it is not possible to judge whether the actual borrower is an enterprise or an employee only by the flow of funds. She often heard that many employees who were borrowed said in court trials, "I borrowed from myself, but I didn’t spend a penny. Why should I help repay the loan?" The judge believes that this kind of defense is difficult to be supported by facts.

　　Employees should safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

　　"What I am most worried about is that my son’s college entrance examination and employment will be affected in the future." Zhang Zhuangye’s wife said. Their family has borrowed nearly 300,000 yuan, and now the overdue interest totals more than 500,000 yuan. "if you really fill in the deposit, it feels too unfair."

　　Yang Liu said that if the company fails to repay the loan in June, they will file a lawsuit. Wang Jinhai, a resident expert lawyer of Dalian Public Legal Service Center, suggested that Yang Liu and others can take "private lending" as the cause of filing a case, seek civil judicial relief, and fix the creditor’s rights by litigation. If the company refuses to perform the judgment, it can apply to the court for enforcement. If there is evidence to prove that the company lets employees borrow money by fictional facts or concealing the truth, with the purpose of illegal occupation, this situation of defrauding others’ property may be suspected of criminal fraud, and Yang Liu and others may also report the case to the public security organ.

　　How should employees protect their legitimate rights and interests in the face of corporate loans? The above-mentioned judge said that if the loan has not started, the employee should take the initiative to negotiate with the enterprise to refuse. If the enterprise threatens to adjust the post and reduce the salary, it can complain to the labor inspection brigade; If you have borrowed or are borrowing, no matter whether you borrow as an employee or not, as long as the money flows to the enterprise, you must sign an iou, and at the same time standardize the contents of the iou, including the purpose of borrowing, borrowing method, borrowing amount, interest agreement, borrowing period, etc., and also leave a copy of the actual borrower’s ID card, payment voucher and other evidence.

　　Wang Jinhai said that employees can ask the debtor to provide security of property rights, keep the records of WeChat, telephone, SMS and recording that the debtor agreed to perform, and then apply for arbitration or bring a lawsuit to the court through an arbitration institution.

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China martial arts go to sea! Donnie Yen’s new film ＂Biography of Qiao Feng＂ appeared in Cannes and was praised.

Screenshot of news report

1905 movie network news On May 18th, a brand-new film with producer and starring role appeared in Cannes. Once the film message and new concept poster were released, it attracted much attention and heated discussion, and quickly reached the Top Story of The Hollywood Reporter, praising it as "one of the most successful actors in China in the world", which made the global media and fans look forward to it.


The film "The Legend of Qiao Feng" was produced by Donnie Yen, and also played the leading role of Qiao Feng. Over the years, he has created several chivalrous images that are deeply rooted in people’s hearts, and also successfully led China’s martial arts culture abroad. This time, he brought his new film "The Legend of Qiao Feng with Eight Dragons" to the Cannes Film Festival, and once the news was released, it quickly triggered a heated discussion. After the new concept poster of the film was exposed, it was reported by The Hollywood Reporter in official website and boarded the Top Story section of the website.


At the same time, after the announcement of the film information in China, it also caused great repercussions. Netizens commented that "Donnie Yen plays the classic martial arts, the quality of the film is guaranteed" and "I look forward to following Donnie Yen to feel the spirit of China’s martial arts again", and so on. From the messages of overseas and domestic audiences, we can see their strong expectations for this film.


It is reported that the film "The Legend of Qiao Feng with Eight Dragons" will be a brand-new upgrade compared with the previous film adaptation. China’s martial arts figures have never had a unified hero system. Donnie Yen wants to use this film as a starting point to establish China’s martial arts universe and export China’s martial arts spirit. The core of the film story is very China-like. By telling the story of Qiao Feng, the protagonist, who did not bow to his fate in a difficult situation, and finally turned into a generation of heroes, he created a "China hero" with flesh and blood and indomitable spirit.


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A number of classic martial arts and fantasy movies have been broadcast on the movie channel since June 19th.

Special feature of 1905 film network A generation of chivalrous women vs Jianghu witches, who is the goddess in your heart?

In the new week, the movie channel has prepared six classic martial arts movies for you.

stage photo

onegenerationchivalrous manwoman


It can be said that it is the best person to play the chivalrous woman.


In "Dong Fangbubai" series movies, a woman disguised as a man has a radiant heroic spirit in her brow.


stage photo

In New Longmen Inn, Brigitte Lin plays Qiu Moyan with chivalry and tenderness.


Brigitte Lin is perhaps the only one who can interpret Huang Xuemei’s elegant and overbearing, proud and calm, cold and warm amorous feelings so profoundly in "Six Fingers Qin Magic" to be broadcast next Tuesday.


Stills of "Six Fingers Qin Magic"


She is ruthless and ruthless when dealing with the enemy, but tender and gentle when facing her relatives. Brigitte Lin is no less adept at controlling the transformation of these two personalities.



The soundtrack of Six Fingers Musician Magic is also quite amazing, sometimes full of momentum and sometimes sad and moving. With the help of the classic soundtrack, Brigitte Lin will play the role of "Musician Magic" with both gentle and strong temperament.



Whether it’s the scene of seizing the piano from the cliff and robbing each other, the bloodbath of the last big killing, or the famous scene of screaming in the sky after being recruited, it can be called a classic.


"When I’m dressed in a cassock, I’ll let your lovesickness go."


In the film "Kapok Robe" broadcast on Monday, Lin Yingren is beautiful in kung fu, showing the true kung fu of a generation of chivalrous women.


Kapok cassock


Lin Ying, the heroine, won the national Tai Ji Chuan championship six times and is known as the "Flower of Taiji".


The wonderful fighting and the story of having to sacrifice one’s affection for one’s family and country made this role difficult for many audiences at that time.


Stills of kapok cassock


Then Lin Qiuping didn’t continue to develop her acting career, but in real life, she carried out the spirit of "Woman Xia" to the end.


Kapok cassock


She only filmed "Kapok Cassock", and then entered the coaching class of Beijing Institute of Physical Education for further study, and opened a martial arts school in Germany to continue to carry forward Chinese martial arts.


riverlakeevil spiritwoman


Compared with a generation of chivalrous women, these villains are also good and evil.


"Zhang Wuji, come to me if you want to save the six sects!"

The Demon Sect Leader of Eternal Dragon Slayer

In the movie "The Demon Cult of Eternal Dragon Slayer" broadcast next Saturday, the picture of Zhao Min White Horse looking back is a moment that has been amazing for more than 20 years. A white dress, dazzling gold crown, smiling back at the corners of the mouth, heroic spirit.


"Sometimes she is gorgeous, gorgeous and extraordinary, and sometimes she is so strict that people dare not stare."


Stills of "The Demon Sect Leader of the Dragon Slayer in Eternal Heaven"


Masculinity is in line with the original image of Zhao Min, who is resourceful and always leads troops to seek military affairs.


Her performance made this role one of the most beautiful witch characters in the eyes of the audience.


The Demon Sect Leader of Eternal Dragon Slayer


"It used to be difficult for the sea to touch water, forever amber."


20 years ago, I played the Wushan Tongmu Wu Xingyun, which surprised many people.


Long hair like a waterfall, a peach blossom between the eyebrows, and white hair, the domineering spirit of Wu Xingyun, the palace master of Lingjiu Palace, is not lacking in ambition to swallow mountains and rivers.


the demi gods & semi devils


Oh, let a man of spirit venture where he pleases, and never tip his golden cup empty toward the moon!.


Stills of Tianlong Babu


Wu Xingyun and Brigitte Lin, as the second sister Li Qiushui, have been fighting for the title of "Tian Shan Tong Mu" and their love with Xiaoyao. The whole life is full of ups and downs, which is fascinating, but what is even more fascinating is the wonderful time when the three sisters are drinking, having fun, singing and dancing.


"The words are not finished, and there are seventeen or eighteen women coming, as if they were gorgeous." This is Pu Songling’s description of the beauty of Nie Xiaoqian, a female ghost in Lanruo Temple.


Stills of Ghost Story


Bright eyes and white teeth, a white dress drifted by, leaving a skirt in front of the big screen.


In the movie Ghost Story, which aired on Friday, Nie Xiaoqian, the stunning enchantress, was less glamorous but more pure.


Stills of Ghost Story


In the past, most female ghosts on the big screen were blue-faced and fangs, but Nie Xiaoqian was sometimes beautiful and refined, sometimes sad and sometimes tender, which made people wonder, is this a demon charm or a fairy?


People can’t help but have infinite love and reverie about it.


This unique temperament has also made Nie Xiaoqian’s classic screen image.


When it comes to syren, you can’t avoid Mei Chaofeng, one of the three syren in the trilogy of shooting sculpture.


On Wednesday, Mei Chaofeng played the leading role in "The Legend of the Condor Heroes: Nine Shades and White Bone Claws", which showed us a different Mei Chaofeng.


"The Legend of the Condor Heroes: Nine Yin and White Bone Claws"


In previous film and television works, Mei Chaofeng has long hair and piercing laughter, and the image of the devil wears a finger like a hook is deeply rooted in people’s hearts.


Under Ruan Ju’s role, Mei Chaofeng in The Legend of the Condor Heroes (Nine Yin and White Bone Claws) is not a real villain.


"The Legend of the Condor Heroes: Nine Yin and White Bone Claws"


After their parents died one after another, they became beggars, lived without a fixed place and wandered the rivers and lakes. Her tragic life made her cynical.


Stills of "The Legend of the Condor Heroes: Nine Yin and White Bone Claws"


Mei Chaofeng’s curtain call, let us sigh that the witch in the Jianghu is hateful but sad, hateful but pitiful.


The beauty of ancient costumes does not stop there.


After these five films, starting from June 26th, the film channel will continue to broadcast a number of fantasy films in ancient costume for you, so as to show the charm of the ancient style.


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Strive to create a better future. Many sets of bright data highlight the increase of positive economic factors in China.

　　CCTV News:Fangfei is in full bloom, lush vegetation, flowers bloom in May and forge ahead in China. Labor writes the chapter of the times and strives to create a better future. Since 2024, all localities and departments have made full efforts to grasp the economy, consolidate and enhance the positive trend of economic recovery, increase positive factors in economic operation, continuously enhance kinetic energy, improve social expectations, solidly promote high-quality development, and show the characteristics of rapid growth, structural optimization and good quality and efficiency, and the economy has achieved a good start.

　　A number of measures have been taken to consolidate and strengthen the economic recovery.

　　On May 1st, the head of the National Development and Reform Commission said that China’s economy started well, positive factors increased, kinetic energy continued to increase, social expectations improved, and high-quality development made solid progress, which laid a solid foundation for achieving the annual target. In the next step, the state will, in view of the outstanding contradictions in economic operation, accelerate the implementation of various established arrangements and see practical results, and earnestly consolidate and enhance the economic recovery.

　　According to the latest data from the National Development and Reform Commission, in the first quarter of 2024, the economies of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area grew rapidly; Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industries in the central and western regions; A number of major projects in Northeast China were accelerated, and investment in fixed assets increased by 9.6%, 5.1 percentage points faster than the national average growth rate.

　　Employment income continued to improve. In the first quarter, 3.03 million new jobs were created in cities and towns nationwide, an increase of 60,000 over the same period last year.

　　The person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission said that in the next step, the state will pay close attention to improving the system and formulate guidelines for building a unified national market standard. At the same time, we will promptly remove obstacles, build a long-term mechanism for problem reporting, verification, rectification and notification, carry out in-depth special rectification of outstanding issues such as market segmentation and local protection in key areas, and promote the construction of a unified national market.

　　In addition, it will also promote the optimization and upgrading of the new energy vehicle industry, and continue to expand the market scale through actions such as trade-in of new vehicles and new energy vehicles going to the countryside, accelerate the construction of a high-quality charging infrastructure system, meet people’s consumption demand for new energy vehicles, and share development results with global enterprises.

　　The central bank announced that loans were invested in industrial infrastructure-related industries in the first quarter, and medium and long-term loans maintained a relatively high growth rate.

　　On April 30th, the central bank announced the loan investment data of financial institutions in the first quarter. The balance of RMB loans was 247.05 trillion yuan, up 9.6% year-on-year, among which several sub-items showed bright spots.

　　According to central bank data, at the end of the first quarter, the balance of medium and long-term loans in local and foreign currency industries was 23.43 trillion yuan, up 23.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 14.4 percentage points higher than that of various loans. Among them, the balance of medium and long-term loans in infrastructure-related industries increased by 13.4% year-on-year, the growth rate was 4.2 percentage points higher than that of various loans, and it increased by 1.97 trillion yuan in the first quarter.

　　Wang Yifeng, deputy director of Everbright Securities Research Institute, said that in the first quarter of 2024, the growth rate of infrastructure investment continued to improve, and the medium and long-term loans related to infrastructure in the financial system maintained a high growth rate. In the future, the issuance of government bonds will be further accelerated, and government investment is expected to form an effective force to stimulate infrastructure investment.

　　Central Bank: At the end of the first quarter, the balance of real estate development loans was 13.76 trillion yuan, up 1.7% year-on-year.

　　Real estate loans are also showing signs of recovery. At the end of the first quarter, the balance of RMB real estate development loans was 13.76 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1.7%, and the growth rate was 0.2 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year.

　　According to industry insiders, this is mainly due to the increase in credit supply in the areas of affordable housing construction, "flat and emergency" public infrastructure construction and "three major projects" of urban village reconstruction, and the efficient operation of the "white list" coordination mechanism for real estate projects, corresponding to the accelerated landing of project financing.

　　Ministry of Commerce: China’s service trade grew rapidly in the first quarter

　　According to the data released by the Ministry of Commerce on April 30, in the first quarter of 2024, China’s service import and export totaled 1,816.74 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.7%.

　　Trade in knowledge-intensive services continued to grow. In the first quarter of 2024, the import and export of knowledge-intensive services reached 733.26 billion yuan, an increase of 5.6%. Among them, the export of knowledge-intensive services grew rapidly in the fields of intellectual property royalties, personal culture and entertainment services, with growth rates of 34.4% and 19% respectively; The areas where the import of knowledge-intensive services grew rapidly were personal cultural and entertainment services and other commercial services, with the growth rates of 66% and 15.2% respectively.

　　Travel services have grown rapidly. In the first quarter of 2024, travel services continued to maintain rapid growth, with the import and export of travel services reaching 480.08 billion yuan, an increase of 42.2%, making it the largest field of service trade.

　　In April, China Purchasing Managers Index kept expanding.

　　On April 30th, April, China Purchasing Managers Index was released. The data shows that the overall level of China’s economic prosperity continues to expand.

　　In April, the purchasing managers’ index of China’s manufacturing industry was 50.4%, which was in the expansion range for two consecutive months, and the manufacturing industry continued to recover.

　　From the sub-index, the production index in April was 52.9%, up 0.7 percentage points from the previous month, the highest since April 2023, and the production expansion of manufacturing enterprises accelerated.

　　From the demand point of view, the manufacturing market demand continues to recover, the new order index and the new export order index are both above the critical point, and the overall export business of enterprises continues to improve.

　　The new kinetic energy continues to expand rapidly. In April, the purchasing managers’ index of equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech manufacturing industry was 51.3% and 53.0% respectively, both higher than the overall level of manufacturing industry.

　　In April, the business activity index of non-manufacturing industry was 51.2%, which remained above the critical point of 50%, and the non-manufacturing industry continued to expand.

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Riding 2151 kilometers in 27 days, Inner Mongolia guys use bicycles to measure Sichuan-Tibet scenery.

　　Zhongxin. com, Hohhot, May 23 rd Title: Riding 2151 kilometers in 27 days, Inner Mongolia guys use bicycles to measure the scenery of Sichuan and Tibet.

　　Author Zhang linhu

　　It is said that people will always go to Tibet once in their lifetime. Some are for pilgrimage, some are for distraction, some are for forgetting, and some are only for Tibet … …

　　Tibet-a snowy plateau that people miss so much, countless people yearn for this pure holy land, and Wula, a young man from Inner Mongolia prairie, is one of them. But it doesn’t matter, what matters is — — Wula entered Tibet by bike, and the difficulty can be imagined.

　　It takes more than courage to walk on the super-long route and steep slope of National Highway 318. After this trip to Tibet, Wula said that she felt that she had grown up and had the strength to overcome difficulties and obstacles.

　　The dream of entering Tibet for the second time 318

　　"Riding a bicycle through 318 is something that many people dare not imagine. This is my second bicycle trip to Tibet. For the first time, I returned halfway because my classmates were injured. This year, I packed my equipment and set off again. " Ura, a 22-year-old Mongolian guy, said.

　　Wula comes from Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is famous for its landing in shenzhou spaceship. He started from Chengdu, rode a bicycle for 27 days and arrived in Lhasa, with a total length of 2,151 kilometers. He climbed 14 high mountains with an altitude of over 4,000 m (including two high mountains with an altitude of over 5,000 m). ulak took the obvious altitude sickness and the bad weather of rain and snow, and measured the beautiful scenery of Sichuan and Tibet with two wheels.

　　"I always wanted to travel once, go to a primitive place, and finally chose Tibet. Tibet gave me the feeling that it was the farthest place from real life and the purest place." Ula said.

　　Wula, Mongolian meaning Dashan, after graduating from college in 2017, engaged in the take-away industry.

　　Wula told reporters that I don’t know when I have a belief in going to Tibet. He envies those who ride Tibet, travel on foot or ride into Tibet. In his view, it is impossible to support them to finally arrive in Tibet without enough willpower.

　　At that time, when he heard that he wanted to go to Tibet by bike, many people questioned him and found it unrealistic, including his parents who didn’t agree at first, but Ulla insisted.

　　Bicycles, cameras, spare tires, raincoats, medicines … … Wula set foot on the Sichuan-Tibet line.

　　Choose to persist before danger.

　　Cool helmet, big sunglasses, eye-catching cycling clothes, polished mountain bike & HELIP; … Every departure is beautiful, sunny, singing and laughing all the way. After lunch, about 60 kilometers away from Ya ‘an, Wula’s bicycle punctured. "Maybe this is the first time that the Sichuan-Tibet line gave me a small ‘ Warning ’ Ok. " Ula said with a smile.

　　The difficulties in reality are far greater than expected. Wula is riding on the 318 Sichuan-Tibet line with difficulty. With the beautiful scenery around her, it is uncertain weather, rain for a while and strong wind for a while, which adds great difficulty to riding.

　　What impressed Wula deeply was that when crossing Erlang Mountain, she met an old man who set out from Beijing on foot. The old man told Ulla that he had been hiking for three years. "I thought at the time, how long will it take to walk into Tibet? However, just as we were resting at the entrance of Erlangshan tunnel, the old man came up with a cart. I suddenly found that the old man was faster on foot than riding a bike, and the spirit of the old man encouraged me. "

　　"There are many people entering Tibet, most of them are from go on road trip, and there are few bicycles. There are also twos and threes along the way. The most difficult thing is climbing, especially when the rain and snow are against the wind." Talking about the feeling of entering Tibet, Ula said.

　　According to statistics, tens of thousands of people try to ride bicycles from Chengdu to Lhasa every year, but many people give up after riding to Kangding. "To the west of Kangding, most of the mountains are more than 4,000 meters, which is not something that ordinary people can overcome." Wula said that riding a bicycle across the Sichuan-Tibet line gave him the greatest feeling. Everyone never knows how big his limit is.

　　When crossing the first mountain with an altitude of more than 4,000 meters, Wula stayed more than 20 kilometers away from the pass. There was a sudden snowfall that night, but he still set off the next morning. Wandering in the mountains in the fog, Wula and her teammates slowly reached the pass and took the first commemorative photo of Gaoshan.

　　When I went down the mountain, I encountered heavy snow on the way, and the cold wind with snowflakes hurt my face. "In such bad weather, I walked 30 kilometers to find a place to stay. After getting off the bus, I obviously felt a headache, and I woke up several times at night because of a headache. Maybe this is altitude sickness. "

　　Feeling of successful dream realization and harvest

　　Although the weather is bad and changeable, truck drivers honk their horns at him along the way, and motorcycles and self-driving travelers all give him thumbs up … … All this made Ulla feel particularly cordial and strengthened her confidence.

　　Ulla said that every setback and difficulty he encountered on the way of riding seemed to indicate that he had reached his limit, but when he gritted his teeth and overcame it, he suddenly felt that no difficulty could stop him. Every time I break through the limit, I feel a little closer to my set goals and dreams. "Go ahead for 100 meters, and it will be 100 meters away from the destination; Riding 10 kilometers forward is 10 kilometers close to the destination. "

　　He was tired and fell all the way, and he felt lonely, but he persisted in the end. Dangerous terrain is often infinite scenery, while "competing" with the will, Ula sees rare beauty.

　　"The scenery along the way is incredible. In the face of nature, human beings are too small. This trip touched me a lot, warning me to persist in doing things in the future, to be more careful, and believe that time will not live up to persistence. "

　　Paoma Mountain in Kangding, Stream Flower Sea in Batang, Renlongba Glacier, Bomi Primitive Deep Forest … … Wula has a panoramic view of the beautiful scenery of the Sichuan-Tibet line. In his view, Tibet is a paradise that everyone yearns for, where there are snow-capped peaks and deep blue plateau lakes.

　　Wula told reporters that although the residents along the way are not surprised by this kind of cycling into Tibet, they are still very enthusiastic and will take the initiative to say hello to you, and will encourage everyone by saying things like Tashildler and refueling.

　　"No matter what, as long as you set a goal and work hard for it, even the hardest thing will become easy. If you have a dream, chase it, and if you like it, love it. If you don’t have the courage to let go of your life, learn to accept it. Don’t lose your life and forget your dreams. " (End)

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Lanzhou University responded that ＂the professor was accused of academic misconduct＂： after receiving the report letter, it will be handled according to the procedure.

　　Recently, Wu Qinglong, a professor at a university in Nanjing, reported Dong Guanghui, a professor and doctoral supervisor at the College of Resources and Environment of Lanzhou University, for academic misconduct such as plagiarism and distortion of quotations. On this matter, on December 25th, the staff of the Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision of Lanzhou University told The Paper that they had received the relevant tip-off letter and submitted it to the leaders, and would handle it according to the procedures stipulated in the letters and visits, and would inform them of the results.

　　Dong Guanghui also replied by email that academic questions are expected to be answered in an academic way, and I believe a fair reply will be given. He said that it is not convenient for him to reply now, and he can ask the author suspected of plagiarism to express his views on the issue of plagiarism. As for the other contents, "there will naturally be corresponding conclusions after the survey results come out."

　　Earlier, Wu Qinglong said that his tip-off letter had been sent to Lanzhou University, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education, and asked Lanzhou University to forward it to the Ministry of Education, the China Academy of Sciences and the Gansu Provincial Department of Education, and asked the National Natural Science Foundation of China to forward it to the Ministry of Science and Technology.

　　The Paper noticed that the tip-off letter mainly targeted at three articles written by Dong Guanghui.

　　The first paper is "Ancient Landslide-Dam Events in the Jishi Gorge, Upper Yellow River, China" published by Dong Guanghui as the first author and correspondent in Volume 81 of Quaternary Research in May 2014.

　　Wu Qinglong pointed out that the above-mentioned papers have seriously distorted and falsified quotations, and are suspected of plagiarizing the maps of the ancient dammed lake deposits in Jishixia.

Screenshot of the evidence listed in Wu Qinglong’s tip-off.

　　The second article is Dong Guanghui’s essay "Response to Comment on ‘" published by the first author and correspondent on May 22, 2015 in Volume 348, Issue 6237 of Science magazine. Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 B.P.’” . The background of this article is that Dr. Guedes of Washington State University questioned an academic research viewpoint of the environmental archaeology research team led by Professor Chen Fahu of Lanzhou University, and Dong Guanghui responded as one of the authors.

　　Wu Qinglong believes that Dong Guanghui’s response article, which is only over 600 words in length, has some problems such as lack of scientific integrity and many distortions and fabrications. For example, the concept of stealing is used to refute Guedes’ doubts about archaeological evidence in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by using the altitude data of barley cultivation in the central and southern parts of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

　　There is also an article entitled "The Prehistoric Disaster of Lajia Site has nothing to do with the Great Flood" published by Dong Guanghui as the first author and correspondent in China Science: Earth Science, Volume 48, No.4 in 2018. Wu Qinglong said that the paper was suspected of plagiarizing academic opinions and multiple sets of chronological data.

　　In addition, the tip-off letter said that Dong Guanghui used "earthquake liquefaction sand blasting" as an important support point in "Prehistoric disasters at Lajia Site have nothing to do with the flood", which was suspected of plagiarizing the views put forward by Professor Xia Zhengkai and Dr. Yang Xiaoyan of Peking University in 2003.

　　In this regard, Dong Guanghui said that since some people say that they plagiarized other people’s academic views, they can ask the author suspected of plagiarism to express his views on this.

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High-speed alumni： Become a tenured professor at the age of 37.

High-speed alumni: Become a tenured professor at the age of 37. Source: Tianjin Daily, September 28thPress release time: 11: 18 on October 3, 2007

　

　　Introduction: Gao Wei was born in Tianjin in October 1968. From 1979 to 1985, he studied in junior high school and senior high school of Tianjin Yaohua Middle School. In 1984, he participated in the national mathematics competition and won the fourth place in China and the first place in Tianjin. In 1985, he was recommended to the Department of Mathematics in Peking University, and obtained a bachelor’s degree in mathematics in 1989, and was recommended to Nankai Institute of Mathematics for postgraduate study. After receiving a master’s degree in mathematics in 1992, he went to the United States to study in the Department of Mathematics at UCLA, specializing in mathematical logic. Received a doctorate in mathematics in 1998. From 1998 to 2001, he did postdoctoral research in California Institute of Technology. In 2001, he became a professor of mathematics at the University of North Texas. In 2005, he was hired as a tenured professor at the University of North Texas, a member of the American Mathematical Society, a member of the International Society of Symbolic Logic, a member of the Translation Committee, and served as a professional reviewer and guest editor of several internationally renowned mathematical magazines.

　　What it was like in high school

　　Get a doctorate in mathematics and take a photo with your tutor.

　　Accept congratulations from colleagues when you are awarded tenure.

　　Happy family on campus.

　　Talking with President Qu Limin

　　Our reporter Sun Huiying took photos of Liu Yaohui.

　　Interview notes:

　　It is a coincidence and an accident to interview Gao Speed.

　　Because October 6th this year is the eightieth birthday of Tianjin Yaohua Middle School, before that, alumni from all over the world and from all walks of life contacted their alma mater to inquire about and understand the celebration. At this time, as a tenured professor at the University of North Texas in the United States and a graduate of Yaohua Middle School, Gao Wei just came from the United States to the Chen Shengshen Institute of Mathematics of Nankai University to be a visiting scholar for one month. According to President Qu of Yaohua Middle School, this outstanding student who studied and lived in Yaohua Middle School for six years has been engaged in mathematics research and worked in different educational fields in China and the United States for more than ten years after graduation. He not only has outstanding academic achievements and rich educational experience, but also organized Yaohua Alumni Association in the United States to unite alumni to care about the development of his alma mater and support the construction of the school.

　　What kind of life experience will a high-speed student who left the middle school in the 1980s, experienced 20 years of growth, and now has become a tenured professor at the university? What kind of experience and feelings will you share with your younger brothers and sisters? Being in different education modes between China and China, what thoughts does he have in the face of today’s education in? Therefore, the interview speed was recorded in my work schedule.

　　As agreed in advance, I went to Chen Shengshen Institute of Mathematics of Nankai University this day. Although I also returned to my alma mater, the campus has changed a lot. With so many new modern teaching buildings, it is difficult for me to tell which one I want to go to. I just saw the most distinctive provincial building far away, and I couldn’t find the road leading there after driving for a long time. Finally, I had to stop at a small intersection and walk along the grass path beside the building to the main entrance of the building.

　　I think I should describe my first impression of this building with grandeur and style, and then see the statue of Mr. Chen Shengshen and the portraits of many internationally renowned mathematicians in the hall. I feel like I have entered a mysterious and sacred science temple, and I can’t help but give birth to a special respect. Perhaps this respect is unique to liberal arts students, because we always regard mathematics as abstruse, wonderful, difficult and difficult to learn. When it comes to high speed, this young scholar can have his own office here to do his math research, and this respect extends to him.

　　The high-speed office is quiet and simple, with a desk, a computer, a blackboard, several bookcases and chairs, and one or two mathematical formulas written on the blackboard. Gao Wei, who is less than forty years old, looks very young. He doesn’t look like a tenured professor with rich works and imposing momentum at all, but rather like a modest, patient, considerate and easy-going little teacher. He is even a little shy when talking, and he doesn’t know what to say in the face of interviews.

　　"Then briefly describe your learning process first." I propose.

　　"I played truant in the third grade of primary school and went to play with a group of older children; Junior high school is a middle school student who has not been admitted to the mathematics experimental class; I got excellent grades in the senior high school entrance examination, ranking first in my class; In the three years of high school, I was the first in my class in both big and small exams, and I was also the monitor and participated in the work of the student union. When I graduated from high school, I became the first batch of students to walk, so I chose to go to the Department of Mathematics in Peking University. "

　　A child who used to play truant in primary school has become an excellent university student in the past few years. I am curious, how did this change happen?

　　Gao Wei smiled. He told me that he often thought of that experience himself and would tell this story when communicating with the students.

　　It was in the third grade of primary school, and he was very playful until he played truant. One day he didn’t go to class again, and the head teacher found a home, blocked him red-handed, and told his father about his truancy. High-speed was afraid. After the teacher left, he waited nervously for his father to criticize him. But my father didn’t fly into a rage like other parents, adding sticks to him, but asked seriously, "Why are you absent from school?" High-speed said: "I know all the things the teacher said in class, and there is no need to listen to them again." Father listened and thought, and said, "Since you know everything the teacher says, let’s apply to the school for advanced placement." At that time, students rarely advanced placement, although he applied, but also because there is no such precedent was rejected by the school. Coincidentally, this year, the school building expanded, and the high-speed was transferred to another school building. During the transfer process, the school allowed him to take the advanced placement exam. As a result, the high-speed performance was good, and he was promoted directly from the third grade to the fifth grade. However, the school put forward an additional condition: depending on his academic performance in one semester, if he can get more than 90 points in each subject in the mid-term and final exams, he will continue to stay, otherwise he will be returned to his original grade.

　　For the sake of his own face, high-speed intelligence was forced out at once. He had to prove his strength to his parents and let them know that their trust, tolerance and understanding were right. It is in this spirit that I was encouraged to enter middle school at a high speed and smoothly. A child who played truant once returned to the right path because he was trusted and guided correctly.

　　This may be a major turning point in the fate of high speed. Since then, in the six years of middle school, he has been like a "sponge baby", absorbing the nutrition from the treasure house of knowledge and the "rain and sunshine" from inside and outside the campus, which not only laid a solid foundation for his knowledge palace, but also made him discover the happiness brought by knowledge, interest, study and research. Since then until now, he has been pursuing and enjoying this kind of happiness. He thinks that to succeed in one thing, you must first make yourself happy and let your interest become the driving force of development. On this basis, you must let nature take its course and stick to it. He said that he was happy in his studies. He won’t deliberately do anything for himself, nor will he be so busy that he doesn’t have time for fitness, entertainment and family happiness, but he will still inadvertently come up with one academic paper after another. This is the harvest of his happiness, which makes him very satisfied.

　　Reporter: I found that you enjoyed your six years of middle school life, which had a great influence on your knowledge and study habits, and also pointed out the direction for your future life.

　　High-speed: Yes, I remember that when I first entered junior high school, I was a very ordinary student. Although my academic performance was also upstream, it was not the best. I didn’t pass the selection exam for the advanced math class. At that time, I was envious of watching others go to the promotion class. However, teenagers’ interests change quickly, and I am interested in the Rubik’s Cube Competition at school, the China and World Geography Competition and the Memory of the 50 States Puzzle Competition. These activities can not only broaden my horizons and enrich my knowledge, but also make me feel the enrichment and happiness brought by new knowledge. Maybe learning can promote each other. After that, I was promoted to high school with the first place in my class. The class teacher also named me as the monitor and gave me an "almost impossible task": I should continue to take the first place in every exam. It is this sentence that inspired me to go through high school for three years. But I’m not an avid reader. I have many hobbies. I take a group of boys to run on Nanjing Road in the morning, play football on campus in the afternoon, and join interest groups such as physics, chemistry and photography. What makes me proud is that I am qualified to participate in the activities of the math improvement class. This is an inspiration and promotion for me, and the teachers’ example, words and deeds and their high-quality professionalism have also taught me how to turn pressure into motivation, regard learning as a happy thing, and then enjoy the happiness it brings me. At that time, I thought, I want to be a teacher in the future.

　　Reporter: You are really a teacher now, and you are a tenured professor in an American university. Has your ideal never changed during this process?

　　Expressway: If you look at my resume, you will find that I have had an indissoluble bond with mathematics since I went to Peking University. Then I read a master’s degree, a doctor’s degree and a postdoctoral degree. There were indeed many temptations in the middle. Most of my classmates in the department of mathematics changed careers to earn much more money than me, but I always adhered to my ideal. Now I teach undergraduates, master students and doctoral students. Although I dare not say that I am a good teacher, I have always been proud of my career, because I know that teachers who regard teaching and educating people as their first job, stick to their beliefs and constantly explore and pursue them are worthy of respect.

　　Reporter: You were educated in China and educated students in the United States, which will definitely make you unconsciously compare the education between China and the United States.

　　High-speed: I often make some comparisons and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese and American education. When I came back to talk with middle school students this time, I also spent a lot of time thinking about it. What should I say to children now? Middle school students now have better learning conditions and broader horizons than we did then, but what is the purpose of learning? Just to get into college?

　　American education emphasizes children’s natural preferences and acquired efforts. As long as he makes small achievements in any place, he will be encouraged by teachers and parents, especially teachers. They like to talk about their children’s advantages and hope that they will develop into their own strengths. They will not judge a child by a single academic achievement, and they will never rank students according to their achievements except in competitions. The unified measure of middle school education in China has a great influence on students’ development, and their interests and hobbies have become their luxuries. Some students told me that my mother chose my major and asked me to study hard. I asked: What about your own thoughts? He said: She told me to learn. From these words, I can feel that his heart is bitter and it is difficult to do. Can he be happy? But he did it anyway, maybe he will do it well, but he will have regrets in his heart.

　　There are cultural differences and habits of thinking. In the United States, when schools let students participate in science competitions, no parents will come out to help them. Parents just want to find out whether their children are talented in this field, and they also hope that their children will find their own interests and strengths from various activities and gain something from them. In China, every parent attaches great importance to their children’s learning, and students also make special efforts. However, there will always be differences in people’s intelligence, and it is impossible for everyone to be the first. In fact, interest is more important for a person. It is more important to find out his own interests, find a suitable learning method and make continuous progress. This requires parents and teachers to treat their children in new ways, inspire and guide them, give them a space and a choice to discover their talents and find ways to learn happily. In the future, the society will be more and more diversified, and academic performance will not represent a person’s ability. Everyone has his own opportunities, and doing a line of love will also make achievements.

　　Reporter: Is it because China students ignore their own interests and preferences in their studies, which makes you feel that children in China are not clear about their learning objectives and don’t know why they are studying?

　　Expressway: For this reason, I found that many students study hard in middle school for the purpose of getting into a good university, but entering a university is like completing their task. They don’t seem to think too much about what kind of people the society will need in another 20 years. With the development of society, the requirements for talents will be different, and the requirements for knowledge will change with the rapid development of occupation, which requires everyone to grasp the most essential things and cultivate their own abilities, including the ability to learn again. Life is a long way, and going to college is just a process of learning knowledge, accumulating energy and improving quality. Some people take going abroad as their goal, but they don’t know that foreign countries have high requirements for research-oriented talents. In addition, students who have just gone abroad are in a foreign land and have no money, and everything has to be started from scratch. It is a problem for some people to graduate from graduate school. As a result, these people’s mentality is prone to problems, and when they think about their future work problems and identity problems, they have no mind to do research, just want to make money, which makes them very tired. In fact, they never thought that if they do well in a certain field, the problems they are worried about will be solved naturally.

　　Reporter: Your own experience has indeed proved this point. But have you ever wondered what is the root cause of this phenomenon?

　　Expressway: I have always wondered whether the education in China today can adapt to the development of the whole world. Now so many students who have studied hard can’t find jobs that suit them. What are the reasons? I think we should find the reason from our educational methods, because it is useless to train people and it is also a great waste of resources. One of the problems is the allocation of investment. It can be said that our whole society pays more attention to primary and secondary education than other places. Parents are more willing to invest in educating their children. The key is not only to pay attention to the hardware of education, but also to improve the quality of educators. The state’s investment in education can not be limited to building buildings. There are many things that can be done to train teachers, and there are many advanced experiences abroad that can be used for reference. Generally speaking, our education lacks one of the most important studies, that is, the study of pedagogy. From a small point of view, teachers with high quality and broad vision should not only impart knowledge to students, but also find out the strengths of each student to give correct encouragement and accurate guidance to guide students in life. When universities recruit students, they should not only look at their grades, but also look at their ability and the needs of future talents in the country. I am teaching students at the same time as doing cutting-edge scientific research, which makes me understand that to cultivate a good mathematician, it depends on the most important characteristics of a student.

　　Reporter: You have always emphasized the happiness of learning and learning happily, and you are enjoying the happiness of learning all the way. Do you want to tell our students that lifelong learning will benefit for life?

　　Expressway: Yes, I think the characteristic of talents in the 21st century is to have a habit of lifelong learning. School education can’t provide you with all the skills you will use in the future. I’m going to lecture and write articles in English now. Ten years ago, I wrote by hand, and the typist helped me type, which naturally lengthened the period of writing articles. I specially took a typing class and learned to type. Now I don’t need a draft, and an article can be completed on the computer soon, which improves the efficiency a lot. We can’t be afraid of new knowledge, and we can learn from scratch what we can’t. When some people in the United States apply for a job, they say yes to everything they are asked, and then go home and study immediately, and use it after learning. We can learn things according to our own interests, and we can also learn things according to our own needs. I never feel that learning is a pressure on me, and I don’t give myself pressure. I can learn easily at any time, and I can learn a lot without knowing it, so that I can enrich myself more and more. Now I also ask my son every day: Tell me what new things you learned today? There is a saying in the motto of Nankai University: With each passing day, we do what we should do every day and get some new knowledge, so that persistence and accumulation can lead to success.

　　Reporter: Will you attend the 80th anniversary celebration of your alma mater this year?

　　Expressway: At that time, my school started, so I’m afraid I won’t have a chance to come back, but I will connect with the school on the other side of the ocean to celebrate her 80th birthday!

　

Chen Xin

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Don’t worry about the diagnosis of cancer, 10 questions should be clarified first.

Original pineapple factor of Dr. pineapple after 80′ s

Text | pineapple

Every year, nearly 5 million people in China are diagnosed with cancer.

When hearing the word cancer from doctors, almost everyone’s first reaction is shock, and their brains are blank. Although there are countless questions in their hearts, they don’t know where to ask. This is normal, don’t worry. The key is to get through this initial "blank period" as soon as possible, and then communicate effectively with doctors, which is very important to achieve the best treatment effect.

Every day, people ask pineapple what information is most important to talk to doctors. Today, I will give you some suggestions. For newly diagnosed patients, it is a good start to think and ask the following 10 questions.

1. Is there a cure for my cancer?

This is almost everyone’s first question, but it is also the most difficult question to answer and there is no simple answer.

Different people’s cancer is completely different, so we must listen carefully to the doctor’s explanation to understand whether the purpose of treatment is to cure or prolong life. At the same time, it is suggested to know the survival rate data, recurrence probability, treatment methods, etc. of your specific cancer type, and make a comprehensive decision to make the best follow-up decision for yourself.

2. Where is the tumor? Is there a transfer?

Oncologists have many therapeutic tools, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted drugs, immunotherapy, clinical trials and so on. The location and metastasis of the tumor will determine the specific method chosen by the doctor.

For example, some parts can’t be operated, and some parts can’t be irradiated. If cancer cells metastasize, surgery alone is not enough, but systematic therapy is needed, including chemotherapy, targeted drugs and immune drugs.

3. What is the stage of cancer?

The purpose of cancer staging is to understand the malignant degree of tumor cells. It is determined according to the state and distribution of tumor cells in the body, usually from stage 0 to stage 4.

At the earliest stage of stage 0, all the bad cells are localized, and almost 100% can be cured by surgery or radiotherapy. However, the cancer cells of stage 4 patients have metastasized to other tissues of the body, so systematic comprehensive treatment is needed.

4. What therapies are doctors going to use?

Now the treatment of cancer has become more and more personalized. Most of the time, doctors will use a variety of therapies for mixed treatment to achieve the best results.

Remember to ask the doctor what kind of therapy he plans to use, what is the reason for using each therapy, how long it takes for each therapy, how often, what possible side effects are there, and whether there are any ways to alleviate side effects, and so on.

5. Can you work during the treatment?

Most therapies have some side effects on the body, and everyone’s reaction may vary greatly. Many patients can continue to work, participate in some recreational activities and even keep exercising during the treatment.

Cancer treatment usually makes people tired, so patients need to reduce their work intensity or activity frequency, but people should not give up their hobbies and life completely just because they want treatment.

6. Should we change our diet and exercise habits?

If you want to beat cancer, you must have a healthy diet, and if possible, it is best to supplement it with regular exercise.

You can ask your doctor if there is any special recommended food or diet. Some foods can help drugs take effect, while others can help reduce the side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Doctors often recommend people to avoid some foods, such as those that are high in oil and fat and difficult to digest.

Exercise is also very important: there is evidence that regular exercise can improve the quality of life of patients, including strengthening the immune system and reducing pain. But please do what you can to avoid injury.

7. Do you need vitamins or nutrients?

Patients need enough nutrition and energy to fight cancer, but doctors usually recommend a rich natural food combination instead of a single health care product to supplement nutrition. Some high-dose health care products may even accelerate the growth of cancer cells or reduce the effect of other anticancer drugs, so they must be used with caution.

Be sure to consult the attending doctor before using any supplements, including Chinese herbal medicine/pure natural supplements.

8. Besides modern medical methods, is it worth trying other therapies?

In addition to surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, many patients will consider so-called "alternative therapies", including acupuncture, massage, yoga and meditation.

On the one hand, all "alternative therapies" have not been proved effective by rigorous scientific clinical trials, so we can’t expect to cure cancer by them alone.

On the other hand, they do often bring some benefits, such as reducing pain, relieving anxiety and improving mood. Although the placebo effect cannot be ruled out, it can still be considered as an aid to modern medicine to improve the quality of life.

9. Should I consider participating in clinical trials?

Recently, new anti-cancer therapies have emerged one after another, and there are thousands of cancer clinical trials under way. But not everyone needs it, and not everyone is suitable. In many cases, using the current standard therapy is a safer and more effective choice.

If conditions permit, it is very valuable to know the advantages and disadvantages of relevant clinical trials as much as possible. Even before the tumor shows signs of drug resistance or recurrence, knowing the new therapies that may be involved in the follow-up can bring comfort and encouragement to patients and their families.

10. Do you need to consult another doctor?

It may be awkward to ask the attending doctor this question directly, but because the treatment of cancer is changing with each passing day and becoming more and more complicated, it is valuable to listen to an expert’s "second diagnosis and treatment opinion".

In fact, more and more patients in Europe and America, especially those with advanced stage, will consult many doctors for a relatively unified treatment plan. More and more doctors, especially confident doctors, are beginning to support patients’ choices. On the one hand, it can reduce patients’ suspicion, on the other hand, it may also be an opportunity for self-improvement and learning.

I wish you all the best and a speedy recovery!

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China recalled its senior generals to the United States and refused to let American warships visit Hong Kong？ The Ministry of Foreign Affairs clearly responded.

CCTV News:On September 25, 2018, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Geng Shuang held a regular press conference.　

Q: It is reported that China recalled vice admiral Shen Jinlong from his visit to the United States. At the same time, a US Navy warship was denied access to Hong Kong. What is China’s comment on this?

A: On September 22nd, the Deputy Director of the Office of International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission of China summoned the Acting National Defense Attaché of the US Embassy in China, and made solemn representations and protests over the sanctions announced by the US against the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission and the head of the department. During the negotiation, the responsible person of the military made clear China’s solemn position and clearly announced that China would immediately recall the naval commander Shen Jinlong who was attending the 23rd International Maritime Forces Symposium in the United States and planned to visit the United States. The press release has made this very clear.

As for the question that you mentioned about the docking of American warships in Hong Kong, China has been examining and approving such requests on a case-by-case basis according to the principle of sovereignty and specific conditions.

News review

On Thursday (September 21st) local time, the State Council announced that it would impose sanctions on the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission in China and its head. On the evening of September 22nd, Huang Xueping, deputy director of the Office of International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission, summoned Meng Jiwei, acting defense attache of the US Embassy in China, and made solemn representations and protests over the sanctions announced by the US against the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission of China and the head of the department.

　　Huang Xueping said that the military cooperation between China and Russia is a normal cooperation between sovereign countries and conforms to international law. The U.S. flagrantly announced that it would impose unreasonable sanctions on the relevant departments and senior generals of China’s armed forces, which is a blatant violation of the norms of international relations and a full manifestation of hegemonism, seriously damaging the relations between the two countries and the two armies, with a very bad nature. China resolutely opposes this and will never accept it. In order to show its solemn position, China decided to immediately recall the commander Shen Jinlong, the navy who attended the 23rd International Maritime Forces Symposium in the United States and planned to visit the United States. Postpone the second meeting of the dialogue mechanism of the joint staff of the Chinese and American armed forces planned to be held in Beijing from September 25 to 27. China demands that the US immediately correct its mistakes and lift relevant sanctions, and China’s army reserves the right to take further countermeasures.

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