According to the data of Sky Eye Survey, a number of patent information has been added in Gree Electric, including "Driving Brake Device and Automobile with it" and "Power Control Circuit and Electric Vehicle", both of which were published on September 1st, and the patent types are all utility models. Among them, the patent abstract of "Power Control Circuit and Electric Vehicle" shows that the utility model discloses a power control circuit and an electric vehicle. The patent abstract of "Driving Braking Device and Automobile with it" shows that it eliminates the problem of difficult oil seal at high-speed connection, makes the heating element of motor component directly contact with cooling oil, and greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency.
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Geely automobile is on fire again! 1.5L has 126 horsepower.
Nowadays, young people have been at the forefront of the torrent of the times, and they are also the main force of consumption in society. In addition to the cost performance, it also depends on whether this car is good-looking and has strong performance. Today, this car is very distinctive. Come and see it quickly.
First of all, from the appearance, Binyue’s front style is very exquisite, and the China Net adopts a three-piece shape, which is very sporty. Headlights are very in line with the aesthetics of consumers, and the overall appearance is very delicate. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the body size of the car is 4330MM*1800MM*1609MM. The car adopts fashionable and generous lines, and the side gives a very capable feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite fashionable and generous. In the rear part, the overall shape of Binyue’s rear echoes the front of the car, the taillights look very avant-garde, and the exhaust pipe layout uses a bilateral double-out shape, which looks very fashionable as a whole.
In terms of interior, Binyue’s interior design is very clean and refreshing, and it looks capable. The steering wheel of the car adopts a three-spoke design and is made of leather, showing a sense of atmosphere. From the central control point of view, with the 8-inch central control screen, the interior style is impressive, and the overall design of the central control is very good. The dashboard and seats give people a good feeling. Let’s take a look. The dashboard of this car presents a fashionable and sporty design style, giving people a very simple and fashionable feeling. The car adopts leather-like seats, which are wide and thick, further improving the comfort of drivers and passengers.
Binyue is matched with CVT gearbox, with the maximum power of 93KW and the maximum torque of 152N.m, and the power performance is good.
Equipped with traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), factory interconnection/mapping, Bluetooth /WIFI connection, cruise control, intelligent key and other configurations, the configuration has reached the mainstream level of the same level.
The car introduced today is remarkable in terms of space, configuration and power, and home travel is also a good helper. If you like it, you might as well learn more about it.
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Dongguan Mercedes-Benz EQE is offering discounts! The reserve price is 328,000, so don’t miss it.
[car home Dongguan Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, a preferential activity was launched in Dongguan, with the highest preferential margin reaching 150,000 yuan, which reduced the minimum starting price to 328,000 yuan. If you are interested in this model, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.
The design of Mercedes EQE embodies the perfect integration of modern luxury and future technology. Its front face adopts the iconic "night star array" closed grille, with sharp LED headlights, showing a unique and dynamic visual effect. The body lines are smooth, and the low roof and elegant side lines complement each other, showing its sporty atmosphere. The overall design style not only has the classic elements of Mercedes-Benz, but also incorporates the innovative concept of new energy vehicles, bringing consumers a brand-new visual experience.
Mercedes-Benz EQE has a slender body with length, width and height of 4,969 * 1,906 * 1,514 mm and a wheelbase of 3,120 mm, showing an elegant and elegant sideways line. With a 19-inch rim, the front and rear tyre size are 255/45 R19, showing a dynamic and stable rim style.
The interior design of Mercedes-Benz EQE adopts a simple but luxurious style, creating a high-quality riding environment. The steering wheel adopts multi-functional design, supports touch operation and provides rich driving assistance functions. The central control panel adopts a 12.8-inch OLED screen, which has high resolution and excellent color performance, and supports intuitive operation of multiple functions. The seat is made of advanced materials, which provides good support and comfort. It is also equipped with functions such as electric adjustment, seat heating and ventilation to provide passengers with a comprehensive comfort experience.
Mercedes-Benz EQE is equipped with an efficient motor with a maximum power of 350 kW and a peak torque of 858 Nm, which provides a strong power output and a smooth acceleration experience for the vehicle.
Car home car owners said that their favorite is the interior, after all, driving by themselves, the interior is much more important than the appearance. As a shop owner who makes solid wood customization, he especially likes the solid wood center console, and the familiar feel makes him feel particularly comfortable. Although the first special edition has been missed, the zero-level operation of the central control panel makes him feel convenient, and the response and VI are also quite good, which is convenient and intelligent to use. He was fascinated by the fashion design and sense of science and technology of the sports dashboard, and the brilliant colors of the atmosphere lights were just like the nightclub style. The design of the central air outlet is simple and generous, and the appearance and damping of the left and right turbine air outlets are equally excellent. He concluded that the interior of Mercedes-Benz EQE has reached the top level in terms of quality and luxury.
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Cultivate patriotic feelings and strive to be a national security guard
Picture 1: On the 12th, Rudong Economic Development Zone Experimental Primary School launched the "National Security, You and I Walk Together" principal’s ideological and political class education activity to strengthen national security publicity and education, and further improve teachers and students’ awareness of safeguarding national security. In the ideological and political class, the principal of the school combined cases in daily life, and through videos, pictures and other materials, vividly told the students about the importance of national security and how to identify and deal with acts that endanger national security. All-media reporter, Yuan Jiayi, photo
Picture 2: Recently, Rudong County Experimental Middle School and Chengzhong Street jointly launched the National Security Education Day with the theme of "National Security, Youth is Solid". On the day of the event, 36 members and representatives of the Young Pioneers from the County Experimental Middle School came to the County People’s Court, and the judge gave the children a vivid rule of law class with the theme of national security education. All media reporters, Zhang Yuqin, Zhu Yuye, photo
Picture 3: Yesterday morning, Digang Primary School held an activity at Rudong Senior High School to "build a strong safety and protect growth, and walk with Hui Aile’s childhood’Hui Aile Growth Camp ‘". Under the leadership of the teacher, students and parent representatives watched the safety education theme film, observed the display equipment, learned about national security knowledge, and enhanced national security awareness. All media reporters, Yang Qinqin, Wang Tinghao, photo
"National security includes political security, economic security, military security…" "The people in the video are used by bad people and tempted to sell state secrets, which is not right" "We can publicize the importance of national security to the people around us"… Recently, in the functional room of the experimental primary school, Pan Qian, deputy director of the Political Department of the County People’s Procuratorate and deputy principal of the county experimental primary school for the rule of law, gave the children a vivid "open lesson on the rule of law". Under her guidance, the children actively thought and took the initiative to introduce their knowledge of national security.
当天，团县委、城中街道团工委、城中街道浅水湾社区等多部门在县实验小学联合开展国家安全教育日活动，教育引导学生自觉维护国家安全。
潘倩结合学生的年龄特点和认知能力，将抽象的概念转化成浅显易懂的语言，向同学们讲述了国家安全的内涵、领域及涉及的法律法规，通过观看《米密的秘密》宣传教育片，让孩子们真切看到身边存在的潜在风险，系统构建孩子们的国家安全观，准确识别、自觉抵制危害国家安全的言论和行为，切实提升学生维护国家安全的意识和素养。“祖国就是我最大的家，每个中国人都要守护好这个大家庭，做维护国家安全的忠诚卫士。”县实验小学四年级9班学生丛宇轩说。
在响亮的抢答器按键声中，国家安全知识竞赛拉开帷幕，六组选手沉着应战，大显身手，台下“啦啦队”随着台上比分的你争我赶，不时爆发出热烈的掌声和欢呼声，“今天我们队险胜，题目大家都会，拼的是手速，”县实验小学四年级10班学生石宗霖高兴地说，“更重要的是我们要不断增强自己的安全防范意识，提升对国家安全的责任感和使命感，自觉抵制危害国家安全的言论、行为，努力成为国家安全知识的传播者、爱国主义的践行者、国家安全的守护者。”
团县委副书记张天宇表示，国家安全教育活动日期间，团县委还将通过主题宣讲、国家安全知识竞赛、发放宣传资料、国家安全相关法律法规讲座等形式打造系列特色活动，引导广大青少年深入学习贯彻总体国家安全观，提升国家安全意识和素养，推动国家安全宣传教育活动延伸到基层、覆盖到群众，让“大安全”理念走深走实、深入人心。（全媒体记者 缪姗姗 吴莎莎）
编辑：吴慧
审稿：王玉慧
审核：高峰
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China Giant Panda Protection Research Center has been tackling key problems for 20 years —— Wild release helps the giant panda population to rejuvenate.
The Giant Panda National Park has beautiful scenery. The picture shows Liziping area. Photo courtesy of National Forestry and Grassland Administration
The researchers gave the panda cubs a health check-up. He Shengshan photo
The giant panda Qin Xin was released into the wild. He Haiyang photo
Mother panda teaches her cubs to climb trees. Photo by Xue Yubin
Researchers use radio equipment to track and monitor the dynamics of giant pandas. Photo courtesy of China Giant Panda Protection Research Center
Driving from Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province, along the winding Panshan Highway all the way to the west, after traveling for more than an hour, I arrived at Walnut Ping Base of China Giant Panda Protection and Research Center (hereinafter referred to as "Panda Center"). The climate here is cool, rainy and humid, and it is located in the natural living environment of giant pandas, which is very suitable for wild training of captive giant pandas.
The wild release of captive giant pandas is the key technology pioneered by Panda Center, which is mainly divided into wild training, release and monitoring stages. Over the years, generations of researchers have devoted a lot of efforts to establish a perfect technical system for panda wild training and release monitoring, which has achieved good results in practice.
Why should the giant panda be released from the wild, and what is the significance of this for the protection of the giant panda population? What "training courses" do giant pandas have to take from captivity to release? Recently, the reporter conducted a field visit.
Wild release is an important means to rejuvenate and rebuild the wild panda population.
The mountains are green and the streams are trickling. In the wild training area of Hetaoping base, except for a path trodden by the staff up and down the mountain, there are almost no traces of human activities, and the original ecology is preserved. In order not to disturb the silence, the reporter turned the phone to mute and walked in here softly.
In the dense jungle, the giant panda "Bos" is sleeping soundly with her cubs. Not far away, breeders dressed in "panda suits" are using this time to clean the pens and replenish fresh bamboo.
"In order to cover up the smell of human beings, ‘ Panda suit ’ It is sprayed with extracts of panda feces and urine. " He Shengshan, director of the animal management department for field research at Hetaoping Base, told the reporter that unlike the closeness and dependence of captive giant pandas on the breeders, the breeders of wild training should always remain "invisible".
Wild release is an important means to rejuvenate and rebuild the wild population of giant pandas, which is of great significance to the protection of giant pandas.
In recent years, China has vigorously implemented natural forest protection, wildlife protection projects and the construction of giant panda national park to protect giant pandas and their habitats, with remarkable results. The fourth national survey of giant pandas shows that the population of wild giant pandas has increased from 1,114 in 1970s and 1980s to 1,864, which are distributed in six mountain systems, including Qinling, Minshan, Qionglai, Daxiangling, Xiaoxiangling and Liangshan.
However, physical and geographical obstacles isolate these wild giant pandas in six mountain systems, and human activities divide these six habitat populations into small local populations that cannot communicate with each other. "The fragmentation of habitat leads to the failure of gene communication between isolated populations, which reduces the genetic diversity of local small populations and accelerates the disappearance of endangered small populations." Wu Daifu, director of Hetaoping Base, said.
To save a species, we must protect the integrity and stability of its community and the genetic diversity within the species. "At present, the main measures taken to protect giant pandas in China are in-situ protection and ex situ protection." Wu Daifu introduced that the connection point of the two methods is to release the captive giant pandas into the endangered small population in the wild after wild training, so as to improve their genetic diversity, reduce the risk of extinction and realize the rejuvenation of the wild giant panda population.
With the worldwide breeding problems, such as the difficulty of mating and conception, and the difficulty of raising young and surviving, the artificial breeding of giant pandas has achieved fruitful results, and the captive giant panda population has achieved self-maintenance. In 2003, the Panda Center started the wild training and release of captive giant pandas.
In April 2006, the male subadult giant panda "Xiangxiang" was released into the wild after independent wild training. However, in less than a year, the staff found its body in the snow. After analysis and judgment, "Xiangxiang" fell from a height and was seriously injured and died in a fight with wild giant pandas for territory and food.
The Panda Center concluded that Xiangxiang’s wild failure case may be due to the lack of suitable learning objects, which led to the lack of wild survival ability of Xiangxiang. Perhaps it is that the population of the released land is saturated and Xiangxiang lacks enough living space; Adult male giant pandas in the wild compete fiercely for territory and spouses, and "Xiangxiang" may be inexperienced in fighting and can’t stand it.
Sum up experience and make persistent efforts. In 2010, with the steady growth of the captive giant panda population, the Panda Center launched the second phase of the captive giant panda wild training project, and put forward a new method of wild training for the first time.
Help giant panda cubs learn wild survival skills from birth.
"At 1: 16 a.m., the baby barks, and the mother lies on her side to protect the baby." "At 4: 53 a.m., the mother sleeps in the posture to protect the baby." "At 8 a.m., the mother eats 9 bamboos and drinks water twice in the morning. The baby cries loudly and defecates once, and there is nothing abnormal "… … In the monitoring room of Hetaoping base, the daily dynamics of the giant panda Huihui and its newborn cubs are recorded in detail in the keeper’s work log.
At present, there are four giant panda cubs in the Hetaoping base in the first stage of wild training: Zhichunzai and Boszai, who are over one year old, and two newborn cubs. "The newborn giant panda cubs are not fully developed in all aspects. We should always pay attention to video surveillance all day, and take timely measures in case of abnormal situation." The breeder Zhang Dalei said.
According to the growth and behavioral development characteristics of giant pandas, the wild training is divided into two stages. From birth to 1 year old, in a small training circle of about 2,000 square meters, the cubs eat breast milk; About 1 year old to 200,000 before release — In the large-scale training circle of 300,000 square meters, the young gradually learned to eat bamboo independently. The large-scale training circle is selected in the wild habitat environment of giant pandas, where there are tall trees, dense bamboo forests and complex terrain, which are in a completely natural state.
On the basis of long-term practice and research, the Panda Center creatively implemented the training of "mother animals with young". "From birth, the cubs live with the mother beast and gradually learn survival skills such as foraging in nature, finding water sources and avoiding natural enemies. In the past, breeders couldn’t teach pandas to climb trees for a few days. Now the mother panda arches her baby into the tree with her mouth, and the baby panda learns to climb trees twice. " He Shengshan said that giant pandas can only be released to nature after completing a series of training and being evaluated by experts. "At this time, two or three-year-old giant pandas are in the post-weaning and pre-adult stages, and it is easier to integrate into the wild giant panda population as sub-adults."
The choice of females is very particular. "It is best for the mother animal to be a born giant panda with wild life experience, or an individual with strong parenting ability." He Shengshan said that at the same time, the female animal’s body must be kept in a healthy state, and factors such as age and genetic background should be considered.
In order to avoid the "imprinting behavior" of giant panda cubs, it is necessary to minimize the influence of human activities. "Every time the mother panda is fed with food, the breeder will wear ‘ Panda suit ’ To avoid the dependence of young children on humans. " Zhang Dalei said that pandas should avoid rather than approach actively as soon as they perceive human beings, so that they can return to the jungle smoothly.
In addition to feeding food and cleaning pens, the breeder is also responsible for observing and recording the growth and behavior of giant pandas, such as the first walking time, the first climbing time and the first eating of bamboo. Since 2012, Zhang Dalei has raised seven giant pandas for wild training. "Although the work is very hard and tiring, as long as they return to a healthy life in the wild, I feel very fulfilled."
Accompanied by giant pandas all the year round, this job is enviable, but also hides little-known risks and challenges.
In summer, mudslides often occur in the mountains, and the wilderness training circle is often tested. "The mudslide that occurred on August 20, 2019 was less than 100 meters away from the cabin where we were resting. The situation at that time was very thrilling." He Shengshan still has a lingering fear. It is also common to meet wild animals in the wild. "Wild boars, snakes, etc. are often encountered in the mountains. Only by accumulating rich experience and making full preparations can we escape the dangers again and again." He Shengshan said. Now, he and his colleagues always make preventive plans in advance. Every time they go up the mountain, they will bring enough materials and carry satellite phones with them to ensure smooth communication.
Wei Hua, a researcher, almost lost his life when he was training giant pandas in the wild. In December 2016, the cub "Baxi" who was trained in Tiantai Mountain was close to the age of being released, but no "Baxi" was found for two consecutive days. Wei Hua and his colleagues were very worried and entered the training circle to search. I didn’t expect to be attacked by the panda mother "Ximei" who was eager to protect the cub and was seriously injured. Even so, Wei Hua still thinks: "‘ Ximei ’ Bite me, indicating that it is wild and maternal, which is exactly what we are pursuing when we are released into the wild. "
Orderly release giant pandas to improve the genetic diversity of tiny populations.
How to determine the return of giant pandas to their habitat after wild training?
Hao Xie, a senior engineer in the investigation and monitoring department of Panda Center, said that the researchers will comprehensively consider various factors such as suitable habitat quality, area, biomass of staple bamboo, genetic background of released giant pandas, and so on, and determine the release site. In 2018, the giant panda "Qinxin" and "Little Walnut" were released to the Longxi Hongkou National Nature Reserve in Dujiangyan City after wild training and scientific evaluation.
How to monitor the living condition of the released giant panda?
Hao Xie introduced that giant pandas will be put on an electronic collar that can be tracked and monitored when they are released, and their trajectory, health status and other information will be tracked through satellite signals. "However, the collar will fall off in about one and a half years, and it is impossible to track and monitor for a long time. More data must be collected by means of infrared cameras and fecal sampling."
"Where is the giant panda, we will follow it." Hao Xie said that the monitoring team members searched for giant panda feces in the mountains and forests, recorded relevant detailed information, and analyzed the sex, age, population and kinship of giant pandas by extracting DNA. "In the mountains and valleys, I often walk for more than half a month, and I will rest where I catch up at night. Sometimes food supplies can’t keep up, and you have to go hungry. "
In November 2021, the staff of Dujiangyan State-owned Forest Farm photographed the wild giant panda through an infrared camera during field monitoring, which was suspected to be a giant panda released in 2018. The team of experts went to the site for an inquest and collected fecal samples for further testing. Through the DNA extracted from it, it is determined that this five-year-old female giant panda is the giant panda "Little Walnut" released in 2018.
Zhang Mingchun, deputy director of the field ecological research office of Panda Center, was very excited when he saw the image of "Little Walnut". "This giant panda has a round figure, a normal mental state and a good living condition in the wild. When the result of DNA identification proves that it is indeed ‘ Small walnut ’ After that, the wild training team was very excited, which shows that ‘ Small walnut ’ More than two years of wild training is successful. I hope it can thrive in the wild, and I hope it will find the right husband, breed offspring and bring us more surprises! "
Up to now, the Panda Center has released 11 pandas for captive breeding, and 9 pandas have survived, of which 7 have been successfully integrated into the wild population of Xiaoxiangling Mountain and 2 have been successfully integrated into the wild population of Minshan Mountain. Among the released giant pandas, 1 male, 4 females and 5 females have reached the age of 6, and they are in the prime stage of reproduction. "Only by releasing giant pandas into the wild population and breeding offspring can we achieve the goal of expanding the wild population. However, it takes patience and time to find clear evidence that giant pandas have offspring. " Wu Daifu said.
At present, China is building an integrated monitoring system for national parks. "We take this opportunity to add cameras, infrared cameras and other monitoring equipment in the area where giant pandas are released from the wild, so as to enhance the monitoring capability in large space." Yang Jian, director of the investigation and monitoring department of the Panda Center, said that at the same time, the research and development of the collar should be strengthened, and efforts should be made to improve the service life of the battery, improve the positioning accuracy and realize the real-time transmission of the recording, so as to grasp more information about the wild survival of giant pandas.
"We will evaluate the genetic contribution through the dynamic monitoring of the population." Yang Jian said that through technologies such as "cat face recognition" and DNA individual recognition, dynamic monitoring was carried out from the aspects of giant panda kinship, age structure and genetic level, and a database of regional population number, structure and geographical distribution was established to verify whether released individuals bred offspring.
Wu Daifu said that within the scope of the Giant Panda National Park, from the aspects of genetic diversity, population dynamics, community characteristics and human interference, the limited factors of rejuvenation of local endangered small populations will be analyzed, scientific planning will be made, and giant pandas will be released in an orderly manner to improve the genetic diversity of small populations. At the same time, through the release in the ecological corridor, the genetic connectivity between populations is enhanced, which provides key support for the rejuvenation of the giant panda population in the wild.
At present, the giant panda wilderness training echelon has been established, and in the future, qualified individuals will be released into the wild every year, and efforts will be made to rejuvenate the small panda population. "We will speed up the innovation, popularization and application of key technologies such as wild panda training, release and monitoring, and strive to release 3 to 6 giant pandas every year, and increase the protection of endangered small populations of wild giant pandas through introduction, and gradually establish a wild giant panda genetic germplasm resource bank to realize two-way gene exchange between captive populations and wild populations." Wu Daifu said.
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Chen Guofu’s willfulness and intuition： My experience is a big data.
Special feature of 1905 film network As a filmmaker, Chen Guofu has rich experience and many identities. In his early years, he wrote film reviews and magazines, changed scripts for Yang Dechang, and worked as a code word. Later, when he was a director, he made movies, from what Wen Qing must see to the type of thriller, practicing kung fu on the camera; Later, he went to Colombia, Huayi Brothers and other big companies to be a "senior administrator" and began to strategize in a more macro dimension.
For today’s Chen Guofu, people in the film circle are used to defining him as a "gold medal producer". From to, from to, Chen Guofu’s producer works are very famous. He assisted Xiaogang Feng and Tsui Hark, and also supported Wu Ershan and Feng Delun. This time, he brought a new director who he thought was brilliant to the audience. The new director’s name was Xiao Yang, and his film was called.
Chen Guofu and Xiao Yang have known each other for many years, but it is the first time to produce a film for him. When interviewing these two people, they all mentioned Xiao Yang’s experience in editing If You Are the One. Chen Guofu said that he asked Xiao Yang if he dared, and Xiao Yang said that if you dare, I will dare. Xiao Yang said that Chen Guofu asked him if he dared to cut it, and said that if you dare to cut it, I will dare to let you cut it. There is a little discrepancy between the two statements, but the conclusion is: both of them dare.
Every time Chen Guofu is asked about his so-called producer experience, he will start with his initial intention, emphasize intuition and temporarily avoid the consequences. He believes that whether a film is commercial or not also depends on the judgment of the result, not the intention or ambition. For so many years, he has always regarded making movies as a gambling game, and when betting, he relied on his own transcendental judgment. He himself said that in this era of big data, this may be a bit out of place. However, Chen Guofu is still very firm now. Facing all kinds of turmoil brought by the Internet to the film industry, he said that people who really know how to make movies are unmoved.
When Chen Guofu was a producer, he always kept an all-inclusive attitude. He could control the big battle of hundreds of millions of investments, and he could also promote some artistic attempts at a small cost. Many people will think that he is in the actuarial market on the one hand and sticking to the literary pursuit of this Taiwan Province director on the other, but Chen Guofu himself doesn’t think so. He said, there are big things to do, and small things to do. From a psychological point of view, there should be no separation in making movies. Just like the Youth Class he made this time, others thought it didn’t sell well, but he thought his film was "the most commercial". He said that business was not an intention, but a result, and it was not the creator’s decision at all.
1905 Movie Network: When did you notice Xiao Yang and his story?
Chen Guofu: I asked him to cut a preview. I have never met this person before. After cutting, I asked him to meet him. I asked him if I asked you to cut a Xiaogang Feng movie. He said if you dare, I will. That’s how we met. In fact, he didn’t cut any long films before that.
1905 Movie Network: Later, he talked to you about his own experience before he wanted to make "Youth Class" into a movie?
Chen Guofu: Yes, I talked to him about this topic when he was cutting my hair. Sometimes he stopped to have a rest and chat. I asked him about his schooling experience, and he said that he was in a juvenile class. I said what is a juvenile class? I haven’t heard of it. He explained it to me. I think this is very strange. How can there be such a thing? He just has a tangled expression on his face. It was not a particularly pleasant experience for him, I feel. Later, he wanted to be a director and film. I said, why don’t you shoot the juvenile class? He said there was nothing to shoot. I said that if I am interested, it means that many people will be interested. This is how it started.
1905 Movie Network: What kind of movie do you think of Juvenile Class?
Chen Guofu: It is still a youth film, a youth growth film. Of course, when I mentioned Youth Class, I didn’t know which direction he would go. I was just instinctively curious about such a subject. I would like to see it. We are always curious about genius, which is a spectacle. Movies want all kinds of wonders. Later, he wrote a few characters for me to see, that is, Fang Houzheng, Wang Dafa, Mike, Wu Wei and Teacher Zhou Zhiyong, whom we see in the movie now. After he wrote these characters, I was sure that there was a movie here. Because I’ve been trying different things, it’s normal for me to try a different theme or not to follow the fashion. I’ve never been in such a rush in my film-making experience. It’s not surprising to me. I’m willing to bet anyone that it is the most commercial film in the same period.
1905 Movie Network: What is its commercial performance?
Chen Guofu: That’s what I said just now, that is, if there’s a theme that I’m so curious to see realized, there must be a large group of people who think the same way, because I’m a high-standard audience, and I don’t go to the cinema a few times a year. If I can pass my pass, I should be able to pass many people’s pass. Isn’t this business? Because business is not an intention, but a result, that is, some people go to see it, many people go to see it, and the film is recycled or even profitable, that is business. Business doesn’t mean that I want to make a commercial film. The result is business.
1905 Movie Network: You have supervised such big productions as Di Renjie and Ghost Blowing Lights, and also supervised such a small cost. What is the difference in mentality when doing these two things?
Chen Guofu: Many colleagues may not believe me when I say this, but when I choose a theme, I don’t think much about the consequences. My standard is the standard I just said. Even "Turn the Mountain" or "Starry Sky" will still be brought up for discussion with me after so many years, which shows that it is not a failed work, but a work remembered by people. So that’s my only criterion. I just want to make something that can stay. Some things that can stay were particularly popular at that time, and some may not be appreciated until many years later, but it doesn’t matter to me. Therefore, my mood is very close, that is, no matter what kind of movie or what theme it is, I must have high enthusiasm, because you have to realize it from the idea of a movie, and finally you have to promote it. The process is very long and hard, and you often feel that you are struggling with it with your life. If you have a little utilitarian purpose, I think this thing is very hard to do. You might as well sell something. I think, to sell insurance or something, you don’t have to worry about that thing when you go home. How much I can do today, I will have a complete rest when I go home today. But it’s not in our line of work. You work 24 hours a day. Sometimes you dream about whether the shot is taken well, whether the cycle is completed, and so on, so I just believe that voice.
Having been deeply involved in the mainland market for more than ten years, Chen Guofu has witnessed every step of the film marketization in China. As a literary film creator who was born as a film critic, Chen Guofu said: The drive of interests is not an original sin, and the buzzwords can also become the theme after dinner. In the era of Internet companies’ unbridled clamor, Chen Guofu stubbornly maintained a kind of literati integrity, and his general attitude was — — Let’s have a lively discussion, because you are at a loss, so you must always find some topics to talk about, even if you can’t find any serious way out, at least you can alleviate your confusion. I have to say, this kind of self-restraint posture is really awesome.
1905 Movie Network: Now everyone is talking about big data. Are you still so intuitive? Is it a bit capricious?
Chen Guofu: I am really out of date. Of course, I can also say modestly that I haven’t learned those things. Every time I see a noun or a concept appear frequently, I will think and reflect, that is, whether I haven’t kept pace with the times. But I don’t know, maybe I am a big data myself. I think that I have accumulated some experience. I have seen many movies and worked in many different movies. I have made countless attempts, some of which are successful and some are not so successful. These will accumulate a certain concept of data on me. Moreover, this industry is highly gambling. I don’t quite believe that any movie is guaranteed to be successful after careful calculation.
1905 Movie Network: Is your work influenced by the Internet?
Chen Guofu: I am personally influenced by the Internet to a certain extent, because I don’t watch DVDs anymore, but I watch movies online. I watch all the movie previews and promotional materials online, but I don’t watch much. This is a change in my specific life. And it will also change my taste in movies, and my aesthetics will be affected a little. However, our industry always comes back to tell stories, no matter how powerful this platform has become, the concept of movie ticket sales, the increase in the number of cinema screens, the rise of third-and fourth-tier cities, etc., no matter how to make this element more and more complicated, this calculation is becoming more and more difficult, but you just want to come back. Our story is to tell a story, and you just want to tell a good story and then have a convection with the audience. That happened in the cinema. It really didn’t happen in your prior marketing activities. Marketing activities can fool the audience into it, but you can’t guarantee that the audience will get the most full and wonderful experience in the cinema. What we have done is still the most fundamental. This has not changed for more than 100 years. Since the invention of the film, this thing has not changed. You just want to surprise the audience, move the audience, make them laugh and make them feel a little happy in the cinema.
1905 Movie Network: Just like everyone likes to say that the Internet subverts movies now, isn’t it a bit alarmist?
Chen Guofu: That can be said, that is, in any case, we always have some topics after dinner. Another important thing is that our colleagues don’t know how to do this industry most of the time, and they have no idea. When they have no idea, they have to grasp some concepts to summarize and explain, and then there will be a bit of a rush inside for a while, because people who know how to do movies are unmoved.
1905 Movie Network: Do you think there is any progress in the mainland market in recent years? Are there any places that are still very troublesome?
Chen Guofu: Both. There must be progress, because after the market becomes bigger, interests will drive people to exert their creativity. This is an unchangeable law, and this is a very economic thing. The unsatisfied place is that it will take time. Everything has a process. China’s films are developing so fast that many people are very anxious and flustered, and they are always afraid of missing something, but it is impossible to make a good film in such a mood. As I said just now, because every project of yours takes a long time, if you always have that kind of mood without grabbing this one, you can’t tell the audience a good story. It’s all normal. I’m still optimistic about this enthusiasm caused by the enlargement of the market and the increase of interests, because sometimes the motivation of people, the motivation of people’s creation and the motivation of people’s hard work come from interests, and I accept this development quite frankly.
After becoming a gold medal producer, more and more people began to talk to him about the market and economy, as if the label of his businessman temperament was becoming more and more obvious. However, some fans still expect him to be a director himself and make some works like personals, instead of making wedding dresses for other directors blindly. However, Chen Guofu himself has been blurring the concepts of these two positions. He feels that no matter what title you hang on the subtitles, there is no difference in the way you invest in making movies.
1905 Movie Network: Is the investment in a movie like Juvenile Class large or small in your experience?
Chen Guofu: It’s average, that is to say, although it’s not a movie like a stand-up super-first-line star, it has to ensure that all the technical content, all the stories and all the details of the performance are in place, and you have to pay a certain price for this. It is also very important that it should meet an industrial standard, which is guaranteed to be achieved in all the projects I participated in. That is, whether I do Di Renjie, Ghost Blowing Lights, or Youth Class, it must meet this standard.
1905 Movie Network: Because "Youth Class" is Xiao Yang’s first work, you also said before that different directors get along in different ways when making movies. What is it like for Xiao Yang?
Chen Guofu: I have a tacit understanding with him, so the cooperative relationship is very different from that of other directors, not because he is a new director, but because I have worked with him for so many years, and I know the roots well, and the tacit understanding is very high, and communication is barrier-free. Sometimes the experience of cooperation is so pleasant that I have a little doubt whether we will screw this thing up, because you know that sometimes it takes some contradictions, some anxiety and some disputes to make good things, but I have nothing to do with him, so I am satisfied with the result, and I am still happy with the process. This is rare.
1905 Movie Network: When you face such a new director, will you feel some pressure for his future?
Chen Guofu: No matter what director I face, my pressure exists, because I just don’t allow the result of my work to be a failure, so there will be pressure. This is a responsibility and of course a sense of honor. In fact, I don’t regard them as new directors. This factor is unlikely to exist in the process of work. On the contrary, they will remind me that I am not very experienced in this field. What do you think should be done? The director who may have made several plays is embarrassed to mention it. I am embarrassed to mention that his loss is not my loss, because his loss is that he may not get more experience because of his feelings. The new director is better in this respect because he always expects you to give him all kinds of nutrients and give him all kinds of more efficient directions. I am also good at cooperating with such a director with psychological quality, not necessarily the relationship between the old and the new, but because he is willing to open himself up, just for the good results.
1905 Movie Network: Do you regard producer as one of your main occupations?
Chen Guofu: The outside world often asks me this question, but it’s a question that I don’t usually think about. It’s just that when things come, I’m attracted. Sometimes it’s because of emotional factors, sometimes it’s because of the theme, and sometimes it’s because I imagine that the result is particularly exciting, so I’m very forgetful. I didn’t calculate which producer is, which I should direct, and how I should plan in the future. I’m a step-by-step person.
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Can the extreme leap born for autonomous driving last until the arrival of autonomous driving？
New energy concept (ID: xinnengyuanqianzhan) original
Recently, some media broke the news that the 07 real car has arrived at some extreme car stores and is expected to go on sale on September 17.
A number of sales staff in Beijing’s Extreme Yue stores told New Energy View that the official appearance time of the Extreme Yue 07 real car in the store is in the middle and late August, and the pick-up time is expected to be at the end of the year, but the specific date is subject to the official announcement.
Judging from the information disclosed by the government at present, Extreme Yue 07 is positioned as a "pure electric car", built on the vast platform architecture of SEA, equipped with Baidu Apollo high-order intelligent driving system, intelligent AI pixel headlights, voice functions inside and outside the car, etc., with a maximum cruising range of 880km.
Figure/Extreme Leap 07
Source/Extreme Yue Store Sales Staff Photo courtesy
Willow, who is in Beijing, has plans to replace the oil car with a tram recently, and he is looking forward to the sale of the Extreme Yue 07.
"I usually use my own car most of the time, so I prefer cars. I have paid attention to this brand before, and it is called car robot. When the 07 is officially listed, I will feel it for the first time and see what improvement it has compared with 01."
But this time, I’m afraid willow, a fan who pays attention to the intelligent driving experience, will be disappointed by the new launch of Extreme Yue 07.
A salesperson of Beijing Wukesong Store revealed, "There is basically no big difference between Extreme Yue 01 and Extreme Yue 07 in terms of interior decoration and intelligent configuration. Consumers who need space still choose Extreme Yue 01."
1. Have a self-driving buff blessing, but become a "poor student"?
As the common "darling" of Geely and Baidu, Extreme Yue Automobile was given high hopes when it was born, claiming that it was "born for autonomous driving".
Specifically, Extreme Vietnam adopts a pure vision intelligent driving scheme, which collects accurate information through the camera and relies on powerful computing power and data processing ability to realize the automatic driving function. This scheme is closer to the "human brain" thinking, and its processing ability and generalization ability are obviously stronger in the face of extreme working conditions and complex scenes, which can provide a higher safety and reliability coefficient for the automatic driving system.
In contrast, the comprehensive scheme of multi-sensor fusion, such as laser radar, millimeter wave radar, camera and ultrasonic radar, which is adopted by most models in China at present, is obviously weaker than the pure vision scheme in AI intelligence.
Two months ago, the second China Intelligent Driving Competition sponsored by First Electric Network, NOA, was the best illustration of this.
In this competition, Extreme Yue 01 won two consecutive championships in Beijing and Hangzhou, and ranked the first among many participating cars with a total score of 85.66 points, while its opponents included Extreme Fox Alfa S, Aouita 11, Wenjie M7, Tucki G6, Weilai ES8, Zhiji LS6 and Ideal L8.
Figure/Extreme Leap 01
Source/new energy concept shooting
A salesperson at a store in Jiyue said, "Jiyue and Radish Run Driverless Taxi use the same pure visual scheme."
It should be emphasized that the current automatic driving level of the "Radish Run" unmanned taxi is L4, that is, it is highly automatic driving. Previously, it was reported that Extreme Yue 01 was a "high-end home version" of Radish Run.
However, when the "label" of the ultra-auto-driving faces the market, it seems to have failed, and it has never been able to usher in positive feedback on sales.
In late October, 2023, the first model of Extreme Yue 01 went on sale. By the end of June, 2024, the cumulative sales volume was less than 5,000 vehicles in eight months.
Figure/extreme sales volume
Source/official new energy concept watch of car companies
In contrast, as a "half-brother" brand with Extreme Yue, Extreme Krypton sold 20,100 vehicles in June 2024; Xpeng Motors, which is at the bottom of the mainstream brands of new forces, sold 10,600 vehicles in June 2024.
It is not difficult to see that the cumulative sales performance of Jiyue from its listing to now is far less than that of other new power brands in a month, and the gap is clear at a glance.
Mr. Ke is a person who likes to try new things. Not long ago, he started a Krypton 007. "I usually test drive before buying a car, and I feel it according to my own needs. I choose Krypton because its automatic parking function is very attractive; I have also learned about it, but after all, the car is a big piece, quality and safety issues are the first priority, and its intelligent driving performance is not outstanding, so it will pass directly. "
2. Self-confidence can’t be exchanged for "leading"
The operation of creating a "label" for its products is understandable. A brand can’t be remembered by the market if it doesn’t have a distinct "label", but blind confidence in buff blessing is not desirable.
At present, many new energy brands are equipped with intelligent driving function for their models except Extreme Yue, and it is even more difficult to open the gap when it comes to questioning brands such as Jiejie and Tesla.
Many consumers told the New Energy Concept that many new energy vehicles are now doing intelligent driving functions, and they really don’t feel any different. Considering the multiple factors such as quality, safety and after-sales, it is always safer to choose a hot-selling brand.
Intelligent performance is by no means the only reason that leads to the bleak sales volume of the company. After careful study, the repeated "face-changing" behavior of the company also exerts a subtle influence on its market positioning and brand building.
In 2023, the Extreme Yue 01, which was listed only for one month, fell into the "stereotype" of price reduction promotion, and all models were lowered by 30,000 yuan. Although after the price adjustment, it gave the old car owners corresponding welfare subsidies and even refunded the price difference, it still chilled the hearts of some fans.
The post-90 s Wang only came from Zhejiang, and was the first owner of Extreme Yue 01. "It is certainly good for car companies to have subsidies to deal with price cuts, but it is still awkward to think about it. It didn’t take long for the price of a good car to be reduced, which gave people the illusion that the quality of the car was not too hard. Some people were afraid to buy such a brand in the next car. "
In late July, 2024, Extreme Vietnam officially announced that Extreme Vietnam 01 has recently ushered in a wave of sales peaks, and some new car owners may face an extension of delivery time of 3-5 weeks.
Figure/extreme announcement
Source/Internet New Energy View Screenshot
For Extreme Yue, which has sold more than 1,000 vehicles in only one month since its listing, the issuance of this announcement will undoubtedly lead to doubts and spit from a number of prospective car owners.
"When buying a car, the sales repeatedly guarantee that it is a current car and can be delivered in 3-5 days." "A few hundred cars a month, Geely’s factory can’t be arranged, and it’s too little attention." "You only sell a few cars, and you dare to play delivery extension?"
However, it should be noted that for an automobile brand, intelligence and marketing strategies are just icing on the cake, not the main boost. And the extremely short sales board may be that it still does not have excellent strength.
Complaints have been common since the listing of Jiyue 01. As of press time, there were as many as 960 complaints about Ji Yue on the black cat complaint platform.
Mr. Su’s car was picked up less than a week ago, and the function of using the car to control the car failed. "The maintenance attitude of my shop is not bad, but a new car is like this, and it also focuses on smart cards, which is somewhat disappointing."
Zhang Xiang, Secretary-General of the International Intelligent Carrier Technology Association, said, "The brand of Jiyue is not well-known and has few sales outlets, which gives consumers an unreliable impression. In addition, the current product strength of Extreme Vietnam is not dominant, and the only automatic driving function has not formed a real bright spot. "
3. Can the "small transparency" of the rim last until the counterattack?
In 2024, many new energy car companies are focusing on cost performance and intelligence. Looking ahead, there are many cars with a budget of 20 W.
"From 2024 to 2026, I think the competition will be further intensified. By 2030, there will be only a few surviving private auto companies. Even with overseas markets, there will be no more than 10. " He Xiaopeng, chairman of Xpeng Motors, said.
For the competition trend of new energy in the second half, some insiders revealed that the consensus reached in the industry at present is that the basic three electric power of new energy vehicles have been rolled up to the end, and high-level intelligent driving will be the next track that will burn more money and have a higher technical ceiling, and it will also determine the fate of future car companies.
Whoever can take the lead in promoting high-level intelligent driving to "fly into the homes of ordinary people" and enter the stage of realizing "equal rights in science and technology" will seize the commanding heights in the era of intelligent driving.
In this context, it is correct to take the road of intelligent driving in the long run, which is in line with the market development trend. If it can be done well, it will help to break through the market.
For example, as a "new generation player", Wen Jie can dominate the sales list of new forces in the first six months of 2024 with a cumulative sales of over 180,000 vehicles, which is inseparable from its outstanding performance in intelligent driving.
Figure/Sales of new forces from January to June 2024
Source/China Automobile Digital Research New Energy View Screenshot
Ms. Bao Mahua, the second child, recently made a new M7. In her opinion, the consideration of intelligent driving is essential, and it is also standard for many cars. "I tried to drive my best friend’s M7 for a while, and its emergency avoidance ability on the path surprised me."
On the other hand, Xpeng Motors, which once went out of the market with smart driving technology, gradually lost its original "label" advantage and became the bottom of the new forces.
Adu is a heavy user in Tucki. He changed cars twice before and after, all of which were Tucki, but when asked if he would firmly choose Tucki for his next car, he shook his head. "I basically don’t have much luck illusions about the quality control of vehicles in Tucki now, and there are a lot of small problems. At first, the smart driving function that attracted me to become its fans has not improved much now."
It is an indisputable fact that in the current market, occupying a "label" in consumers’ minds for a long time is helpful for consumers to choose it when buying. For example, when it comes to "big sofa with refrigerator and color TV", many people’s first reaction is ideal, while when it comes to three electric systems, the probability of Tesla being mentioned will be much greater.
However, it should be noted that the labeling effect may also fail in the face of poor product strength.
As consumers say, cars are a big item for family consumption, and the core appeal is quality and safety and follow-up service. At this stage, smart driving is just the icing on the cake.
Therefore, after referring to the experience of the current mainstream brands, for the current extreme, in addition to continuing to improve the intelligent driving technology to truly stand, we should also boost sales as soon as possible and build a car that meets the needs of users in a down-to-earth manner. After all, only by living first can we survive until the day when autonomous driving really comes.
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Biden’s repeated gaffes are bound to break his promise.
[Editorial of the Wall Street Journal on October 23rd] Title: The Puzzling Biden
Why do White House staff try their best to protect President Biden from the media? On Thursday, CNN gave the reason. Despite the friendly audience and non-difficult questions, Biden’s performance revealed why so many Americans lost confidence in his presidency.
Biden often seems to have no idea what he is talking about, which is a big problem. Taking the rising oil price as an example, Biden accused OPEC of not producing more oil, but then he said that the solution was "finally … … Invest in renewable energy. "
At present, most cars still rely on gasoline, and the way to reduce oil prices is to produce more oil to increase supply. If Biden hadn’t severely restricted American oil production, he naturally wouldn’t have to ask OPEC to increase production.
How does supply chain bottleneck lead to commodity shortage and inflation? Biden blamed Covid-19 and his employers for not paying enough to attract workers. However, employers all over the United States are raising wages, and they are still unable to fill more than 10 million job vacancies.
When asked whether the National Guard would be called to solve the shortage of truck drivers, Biden said he would. But as the White House later clarified, the deployment of the National Guard was actually controlled by the state governors.
Biden’s confusion also includes foreign policy, which should be his strength. On the issue of Taiwan Province, which is an important issue to China, Biden wrongly expounded the US policy. When asked whether he swore to protect Taiwan Province, Biden replied: "Yes, we have a commitment to do so."
The actual policy of the United States towards Taiwan Province is "strategic ambiguity". The Taiwan Relations Act promises that the United States will help Taiwan Province defend itself, but it does not contain a NATO-style promise, that is, to join the war to defend Taiwan Province’s democracy. Is Biden announcing a change in American policy?
Obviously not, because the White House quickly retracted Biden’s words. "Strategic ambiguity" still exists. Perhaps we should say that Biden has a strategic confusion. You must want to know what Beijing thinks of this performance. Does the White House’s swift retraction of Biden’s words mean that the United States has no intention of defending Taiwan Province? What is the policy of the United States? With such a chaotic signal sent to the opponent, the war has begun.
We point this out reluctantly because the United States needs a president who can cope with the pressure of work. Biden was never Demosthenes (ancient Greek orator — — — Note), and all presidents will "roll over" in their speeches. But Biden is often confused on major issues today, which is one of the reasons why he makes the public increasingly worried.
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Auto show site ｜ BMW Group pure electric BMW i5 long wheelbase version will be released this year.
Beijing News Shell Finance News (Reporter Wang Linlin) On April 18th, the Beijing News Shell Finance reporter learned from the official of BMW Group that BMW Group participated in the exhibition for the first time with all-electric vehicle lineup, and its four brands BMW, MINI, BMW Motorrad and Rolls-Royce all appeared with electric vehicle lineup on the first day of media day. For the first time, BMW ushered in the world premiere of three pure electric BMW models, namely, pure electric BMW i7 M70L, BMW XM Label Red Limited Edition and BMW iX1, which combined pure electric M performance vehicles with BMW flagship models.
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Another wave of technological innovation CVT gearbox’s counterattack in the world
Recommendation: According to Nikkei Automotive Technology, several major Japanese automakers are currently equipping a new generation of CVT gearboxes to new models. This situation has appeared in the North American market, but different from the past, its strategy will focus on the global market and replace and eliminate the current AT gearbox on a large scale. In China, Honda and other manufacturers have also made it clear that the new models will be equipped with CVT. I recommend this article to everyone to understand the future layout of these enterprises in the main products.
Speaking of automatic transmission, DCT(Dual Clutch Transmission) is adopted in Europe, AT (automatic transmission) is adopted in the United States, and CVT (continuously variable transmission) is adopted in Japan. Up to now, it is common sense to adapt to local conditions everywhere. However, Nissan adopted a brand-new CVT for the North American model Altima, and Honda also decided to equip the North American model Accord with CVT, which broke this common sense. This paper discusses the latest CVT technology that is being developed to Japan, North America and even the whole world.
Honda partially improved "Stepwagon" in April 2012, which increased the fuel efficiency of JC08 mode from 13.4km/L to 15.0 km/L.. In the overall fuel efficiency improvement of 12%, except the effect produced by idle stop mechanism, the remaining 5% is attributed to the improved and updated CVT (Figure 1).
[Honda Stepwagon]
In fact, the CVT is not only equipped on Stepwagon, but a new "Accord" to be listed in North America in the autumn of 2012, and then a strategic component to be launched around the world. Previously, the North American Accord has been using a 5-speed automatic transmission (5AT), and the goal of the new CVT is to improve the fuel efficiency of the urban high-speed mixed mode by 10%.
[CVT for medium-sized vehicles developed by Honda]
Support 2.0～2.4L engines. The fuel efficiency is 5% higher than the original CVT and 10% higher than the 5-speed automatic transmission. (b) "Stepwagon" equipped with the CVT for the first time.
Among the medium-sized cars in North America, the new "Atima" launched by Nissan in June adopts a new CVT, and now the car has the current top fuel efficiency — — The urban area is 27mpg(11.5/L) and the expressway is 38mpg(16.2km/L). Honda also chose CVT to compete with it.
In the past, CVT had excellent fuel efficiency at low speed, but it was not good at high speed. Moreover, there are also opinions that the rapid acceleration performance is not good. However, Honda related people said, "From the example of Atima, we can know that CVT has sufficient commodity power in the United States."
Developing three new CVT in one breath
Of course, the new CVT has improved both acceleration performance and fuel efficiency. The range of speed ratio has been increased from 5.5 to 6.5. It is much larger than 5AT or so. By reducing the reduction ratio of Low Gear, the acceleration performance is improved, and at the same time, by increasing the reduction ratio of high gear, the engine speed during stable driving is reduced.
In addition to CVT for medium-sized vehicles, Honda is constantly updating its products for light cars and small cars. It was originally launched as a light vehicle product, which has been applied to the "N BOX" launched in December 2011. In addition, it is planned to update CVT used for small cars such as Fit and replace AT with it (table below).
CVT for medium-sized vehicles supports 2.0～2.4L displacement engines, and its torque capacity is above 240 N m.. The CVT is different from the previous one, and it is envisaged to be applied globally. It also includes areas with long driving distance and severe use environment. Therefore, the new CVT has been redesigned with emphasis on reliability and durability (below).
[The range of transmission ratio is expanded to 6.5]
At the same time, the fuel efficiency and durability are improved and promoted to the whole world.
The layout of the basic axis has not changed. First of all, after the input from the crankshaft, there is a torque converter, a planetary gear mechanism that can switch forward and backward, a primary pulley, a secondary pulley, a countershaft and a final reducer for transmission, which belongs to a more orthodox layout.
What has changed is that the distance between the shafts of the pulley is expanded from the original 170mm to 180 mm. This is slightly longer than the new Jetco "CVT8" equipped by Nissan for Atima. When the distance between shafts is widened, the range of speed change ratio can be easily expanded and the transmission radius will be increased, so the efficiency will be improved. In addition, the diameter of the piston required for the pulley to clamp the belt can be enlarged.
[Nissan Altima]
Because the force pushing the pulley depends on the piston area, oil pressure and friction coefficient of engine oil, the oil pressure can be reduced by expanding the piston area by 20% and increasing the Froude number friction coefficient of CVT. Low oil pressure can reduce the load of oil pump.
Moreover, in order to improve the efficiency of the oil pump, a chain-driven Vane Pump with two oil inlets and two oil outlets is also adopted. At low speed, the engine oil sprayed from one of the oil outlets can be returned to the input end, and the driving loss can be reduced by semi-spraying. Although this method has been used before, this time it has expanded the scope of semi-spraying.
It also supports four-wheel drive models.
In order to improve the reliability, a grinding process is also implemented to prevent the abrasion between the high-strength belt and the pulley. Because the car travels a longer distance overseas, the grinding process named Lapping is added to the original belt pulley processing while improving the durability of the belt. Therefore, the abrasion of the pulley surface can be reduced.
[Stepwagon’s four-wheel drive also uses CVT gearbox]
Stepwagon’s four-wheel drive also uses CVT. In the past, even though CVT was used for two-wheel drive, AT was mostly used for four-wheel drive. The reason is that in order to prevent the locking of the driving wheel, it is necessary to control to adjust the transmission ratio instantly according to the reaction force applied to the gearbox, but it is difficult to ensure the reliability of the four-wheel drive vehicle with large reaction force.
However, this time, the control performance of the engine was improved, and the burden of CVT was successfully reduced by adjusting the forward and backward switching clutch of the gearbox during locking. In the past, the forward and backward clutches and the lock-up clutch shared a hydraulic valve, and it was necessary to switch circuits. But this time, a linear solenoid was added and changed into independent control mechanisms.
In the miniaturization and lightweight of the gearbox, the gasket divided into four pieces sandwiched between the housings was changed to metal, thus improving the rigidity when connecting the housings. Moreover, measures such as reducing the size of the valve body of the control system and reducing the thickness of the pulley have been added, so that although the torque capacity has been improved to some extent, the weight is still 95kg.
To be continued … …