Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 14th Question: Be quick or not! "Crazy Electric Vehicle" is refitted in disorder and difficult to manage, so it is urgent to have "one-stop" supervision.
Xinhua news agency reporter
Since the introduction of the "new national standard" for electric bicycles, many cities have set a transition period for over-standard electric vehicles. However, the reporter’s investigation found that with the end of the transition period, there are still a large number of over-standard and refitted electric vehicles driving on the road, which brings great security risks. In recent years, there have been frequent traffic and fire accidents caused by over-standard electric vehicles, but some people still disagree, "listening to accidents as stories", which is behind the chaos of modification that must be rectified and the regulatory dilemma that needs to be changed urgently.
Excessive vehicles are common all over the street.
The reporter rode a new national standard electric bicycle on the street to carry out experiments. According to the speed of 25 km/h, it was found that many electric bicycles quickly surpassed the reporter’s vehicles.
The speed does not exceed 25 kilometers per hour, the weight of the whole vehicle does not exceed 55 kilograms, the battery voltage does not exceed 48 volts, and it is equipped with a pedal riding device — — This is a hard indicator of the "new national standard" of electric bicycles, and it is also a guarantee for safe riding. Up to now, the newly revised "Technical Specification for Safety of Electric Bicycles" ("New National Standard") has been issued for more than three years, and the transitional buffer period of major cities in the past one or two years has also expired one after another. However, according to the reporter’s observation, electric vehicles that exceed the standard in some places are still running all over the street.
The three-year transition period of Beijing’s over-standard electric vehicles ended on October 31 this year. From November 1st, Beijing traffic police strictly investigated key illegal acts such as "driving and refitting electric bicycles to drive on the road".
On the afternoon of the 9th, at the intersection of Caishikou, Xicheng District, the police of Xicheng Traffic Detachment investigated and dealt with many illegal acts of privately modifying batteries within one hour. One of the electric vehicles is equipped with two batteries hidden at the bottom of the vehicle, and the battery voltage is close to 65 volts. Traffic control departments in Chaoyang, Tongzhou and other districts have also recently investigated and dealt with a large number of illegal activities of over-standard electric vehicles. Cui Juzi, the police chief of Changling Camp Brigade of Tongzhou Traffic Detachment, told the reporter that most of the batteries installed privately by offenders have no brand and parameters, and their appearance is rough and their quality is worrying. Some of them are fixed at the pedals with iron chains.
The take-away man rides an electric bicycle at a high speed.
The reporter noticed that many offenders of modified vehicles are express delivery or take-away personnel. Some car owners spend 2 to 3 times more than the price of the electric car itself to install batteries. After on-site measurement by the traffic police, the battery voltage reaches 78.5 volts. Some car owners said that they only modified the original car after they got the license plate, in order to run faster, increase the cruising range of the vehicle and complete more orders.
In addition to cities with a huge number of electric bicycles, in county towns and rural areas, the implementation of the "new national standard" is generally insufficient, and there are a large number of over-standard electric vehicles. An industry expert told reporters that overall, the proportion of electric bicycles modified in various places is still very high.
Who is behind the modification?
The modification of electric bicycles mainly focuses on lifting the speed limit and adding batteries to increase the cruising range. How are these vehicles modified? The reporter’s investigation found that some merchants launched a speed limit lifting and intelligent anti-inspection system, and the compliant electric vehicles suddenly turned into "exceeding the standard".
In a well-known electric vehicle brand store in Taiyuan, Shanxi, the merchant said that all the cars sold were "new national standard", but the clerk connected several wires on the car and directly lifted the speed limit. "Take you to experience speed and passion." The salesperson said that after the speed limit is lifted, the maximum speed of the vehicle can reach 60 to 70 kilometers per hour, and no matter how fast it is, the speedometer only shows 25 kilometers per hour.
Online video shows lifting the speed limit of electric bicycles. (Network screenshot)
Some interviewees told reporters that some non-mainstream brand electric bicycles can be speeded up with simple operation by directly reserving modified operation space at the factory. The reporter also found several related videos on the Internet. One video tutorial shows that the speed limit will be lifted when a brand of electric bicycle is turned off, the brake lever is squeezed casually, the switch is turned on and held for more than one minute.
And some well-known brands have dedicated controllers and decoders. The reporter visited the electric bicycle market in Taiyuan and found that almost all brand distribution offices can decode it after purchase. The decoders sold online are even more dazzling, and they can be purchased at will on the e-commerce platform, and the price ranges from tens of yuan to more than 100 yuan. Some of these goods are clearly marked with the words "lifting the speed limit" and "restoring the speed limit". Merchants also made a special tutorial, "5 minutes to get it" and "ladies can operate it".
Online shop sells electric bicycle speeders. (Network screenshot)
"If you want faster speed, you can also replace the battery and controller." A salesperson told reporters that the modified battery can even reach 70 to 80 kilometers per hour with a special controller. If you buy it online, it is also equipped with an installation tutorial, so you can operate it yourself.
In addition, some sellers said that some manufacturers reserved more battery space in the ex-factory link of electric bicycles, which provided convenience for battery modification. According to consumers’ own choice, standard 48 volt, over-standard 60 volt and 72 volt batteries can be purchased and installed. An online video tutorial shows that for the endurance and power requirements of take-away and other industries, another set of batteries can be installed, and even two sets of batteries with different properties can be installed on electric bicycles at the same time. "It is more cost-effective than buying large-capacity batteries directly," the merchants advertised.
The dealer lifted the speed limit of electric bicycles for reporters on the spot.
Classified governance and "whole life cycle" supervision are imperative.
Relevant experts said that there are a lot of modified vehicles that need to be classified and disposed of urgently, and multiple departments should be coordinated to implement "full life cycle" closed-loop supervision of electric bicycles from production, licensing, on-road and recycling.
Jia Yongfeng, an observer of the National Bicycle Standardization Technical Committee, said that according to the requirements of the "new national standard", vehicles should be classified. For example, serious illegal acts such as tampering with battery types, increasing battery capacity without authorization, lifting speed limit, and increasing speed to change the product attributes should be severely investigated and punished; The harm caused by dismantling pedal riding device, installing vehicle appearance plastic parts, bumpers and other changes in appearance behavior is relatively not very prominent and serious, so it should be corrected in time.
It is necessary to strictly block the behavior of leaving a "back door" for modification and setting a "secret code" for speeding up in production. According to the "new national standard", the software and hardware of electric bicycles should have tamper-proof design to prevent unauthorized changes to the maximum speed, power, voltage and pedaling ability. Respondents said that enterprises should regulate themselves, and the regulatory authorities should also strengthen supervision and random inspection of enterprises and reduce the space for private modification from the source.
According to incomplete statistics, the number of electric bicycles in China is about 300 million, and the supervision involves many departments, such as industry and information, market supervision, transportation, emergency, etc. It is suggested that the "Jiulong Water Control" should be unified and coordinated at the government level, and the "one-stop" supervision should be changed. The reporter learned that in Zhejiang Province, a full-chain, full-process and full-closed-loop supervision model is being implemented, realizing the whole process supervision from production, sales, registration, cycling, charging and stopping, maintenance to recycling. "At present, there are no technical obstacles to good supervision. The key is the determination of the government." Jia Yongfeng said.
In addition, for users such as express delivery and take-away, in addition to strengthening management, platforms and companies should actively adapt to and take the lead in complying with the requirements of the "new national standard", adjust and optimize the original distribution algorithm, and establish a more humanized assessment mechanism to make riders ride safely. (Reporter Wei Wei, Lu Chang, Heo Ung, Yang Na)
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